A batch and flow injection (FI) methods with spectrophotometric detection is proposed for determining of two of phenolic drugs: salbutamol sulphate(SLB)and pyridoxine hydrochloride(PYD) in pure and in pharmaceutical formulations. The methods utilized an oxidative-coupling reaction based upon oxidation of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) with sodium periodate, where an electrophilic intermediate (diazonium salt of the reagent) is produced, which couples with either SLB or PYD in the presence of sodium hydroxide yielding a highly colored condensation product. The absorbance is measured after 15min at 525and515 nm for SLB and PYD respectively. Calibration graphs for both batch and FIA methods were linear over the concentration ranges of 1-24μg/ml for SLB and 0.4-16μg/ml for PYD, and of 30-1100μg/ml for SLB and20-1200μg/ml for PYD respectively. A detection limits of 0.580μg/ml SLB and 0.150μg/ml PYD for batch method, and 15.32μg/ml SLB and12.21μg/ml PYD for FIA method. The proposed methods were applied successfully to the determination of SLB and PYD in pharmaceutical preparations and were compared statistically with reference methods by means of t- test and F- test and were found not to differ significantly at 95% confidence level. The procedures are characterized by its simplicity, accuracy and precision. The results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained using reference methods for comparison.
In this study, the circulating fluidized bed was used to remove the Tetracycline from wastewater utilizing a pistachio shell coated with ZnO nanoparticles. Several parameters including, Tetracycline solution flowrate, initial static bed height, Tetracycline initial concentration and airflow rate were systematically examined to show their effect on the breakthrough curve and the required time to reach the adsorption capacity and thus draw the fully saturated curve of the adsorbent. Results showed that using ZnO nanoparticles will increase the adsorbent surface area and pores and as a result the adsorption increased, also the required time for adsorbent saturation increased and thus the removal efficiency may be achieved at mi
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Orthogonal polynomials and their moments have significant role in image processing and computer vision field. One of the polynomials is discrete Hahn polynomials (DHaPs), which are used for compression, and feature extraction. However, when the moment order becomes high, they suffer from numerical instability. This paper proposes a fast approach for computing the high orders DHaPs. This work takes advantage of the multithread for the calculation of Hahn polynomials coefficients. To take advantage of the available processing capabilities, independent calculations are divided among threads. The research provides a distribution method to achieve a more balanced processing burden among the threads. The proposed methods are tested for va
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A green and low-cost method was used to prepare graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by chemical exfoliation of graphite powder by modified Hummers method, followed by reduction using ascorbic acid. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to analyze the structure and morphology of the synthesized materials. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy were used to identify the formation of the GO and rGO
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In the present work theoretical relations are derived for the efficiency evaluation for the generation of the third and the fourth harmonics u$ing crystal cascading configuration. These relations can be applied to a wide class of nonlinear optical materials. Calculations are made for beta barium borate (BBO) crystal with ruby laser /.=694.3 nm . The case study involves producing the third harmonics at X. =231.4 nm of the fundamental beam. The formula of efficiency involves many parameters, which can be changed to enhance the efficiency. The results showed that the behavior of the efficiency is not linear with the crystal length. It is found that the efficiency increases when the input power increases. 'I'he walk-off length is calculated for
... Show MoreDigital image started to including in various fields like, physics science, computer science, engineering science, chemistry science, biology science and medication science, to get from it some important information. But any images acquired by optical or electronic means is likely to be degraded by the sensing environment. In this paper, we will study and derive Iterative Tikhonov-Miller filter and Wiener filter by using criterion function. Then use the filters to restore the degraded image and show the Iterative Tikhonov-Miller filter has better performance when increasing the number of iteration To a certain limit then, the performs will be decrease. The performance of Iterative Tikhonov-Miller filter has better performance for less de
... Show MoreThis article deals with estimations of system Reliability for one component, two and s-out-of-k stress-strength system models with non-identical component strengths which are subjected to a common stress, using Exponentiated Exponential distribution with common scale parameter. Based on simulation, comparison studies are made between the ML, PC and LS estimators of these system reliabilities when scale parameter is known.
Copper, and its, alloys and composites (being the matrix), are broadly used in the electronic as well as bearing materials due to the excellent thermal and electrical conductivities it has.
In this study, powder metallurgy technique was used for the production of copper graphite composite with three volume perc ent of graphite. Processing parameters selected is (900) °C sintering temperature and (90) minutes holding time for samples that were heated in an inert atmosphere (argon gas). Wear test results showed a pronounced improvement in wear resistance as the percent of graphite increased which acts as solid lubricant (where wear rate was decreased by about 88% as compared with pure Cu). Microhardness and
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Soil stabilization with stone powder is a good solution for the construction of subgrade for road way and railway lines, especially under the platforms and mostly in transition zones between embankments and rigid structures, where the mechanical properties of supporting soils are very influential. Stone powder often has a unique composition which justifies the need for research to study the feasibility of using this stone powder type for ground improvement applications. This paper presents results from a comprehensive laboratory study carried out to investigate the feasibility of using stone powder for improvement of engineering properties of clays.
The stone powder contains bassanite (CaSO4. ½ H
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