Breast cancer is one of the comments malignant tumors worldwide especially in Iraq; it is a leading cause of death in Iraqi women. Determination of estrogen and progesterone receptors status is helpful in selecting the patients most likely to receive benefit from endocrine therapy, and provide prognostic information on recurrence and survival since their expression is related to the degree of the tumor differentiation. From November 2012 to March 2013, 150 breast cancer patients at Al-Amal Hospital in Baghdad were attended to start treatment of disease for the first time. All patients included in this study did not receive chemotherapy. Patients were asked to bring their paraffin embedded tissue blocks to participate in estrogen, progesterone and Her-2/nue receptors estimation. Blood samples were also collected from the patients to estimate positive Her-2nue cases in serum. Age distribution in women with breast cancer showed that 44%of cases at age group (40 – 49) years. 23% of the patients had a positive family history (first and second degree). Histological types of breast carcinoma showed that 82%, 14% and 4% were ductal, lobular and mixed carcinoma respectively. The Makee classification showed that Grade I, II, and III were detected in 10%, 64% and 26% respectively. TNM staging revealed that 16% of the patients were recorded in stage I, 44% in stage II, 32% in stage III and 8% in stage IV. It was demonstrated that 72% and 70% of breast carcinomas were positive for ER and PR respectively; both markers correlated with age, family history, type, histological grade and stage of the disease. Her-2/neu showed 28% expression in Iraqi breast cancer cases. HER2/neu over-expression (>15 ng/ml) was observed in 36 out of 150 patients (24%) Her-2/neu serum level at ELISA diagnosis and in 42 out of 150 (28%) at immunohistochemistry method (IHC).There were significant (P <0.001) association between tissue HER-2/neu and serum HER-2 levels. Detection Her-2/neu in serum by ELISA technique could be used as a method for detection with high rate reached to 78% after mastectomy, also it considered as an excellent method for follow up.
Background: Ameloblastoma is the most common clinically significant odontogenic tumor, known for its locally invasive potential and frequent recurrences unless treated radically. Endocan is a soluble proteoglycan which is reported to have prognostic implications in multiple human diseases and tumors. This study aims to describe the expression of endocan in ameloblastoma. Materials and methods: With immunoperoxidase method; tissue sections of formalin fixed- paraffin embedded blocks for ameloblastomas were stained with monoclonal antibodies to endocan, the localization of the endocan expression was examined and the resulting scores of the tissue sections were analyzed according to age, sex, site and tumor subtype. Results: endocan was found
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The present study took up the different ways to cultivate the species Epipremnum aureum by two habitat water and soil and comber the anatomical features of the root, stem, and leaf. The results showed amazing significant anatomical features to the ecosystem. The root and stem anatomy showing decrease in all characters that studied but the leaf anatomy showing increase of palisade, spongy tissue thickness, midrib thickness, number of vessels in the xylem also the long and width of stomata of the soilless plants than soil ones. The upper epidermis empty from the stomata for the two treatment and the stoma diffuse in the lower epidermis, the type of it paracytic type. Also the total of flavonoids in the plant that were growth in soil reached 1
... Show MoreActivated carbon prepared from date stones by chemical activation with ferric chloride (FAC) was used an adsorbent to remove phenolic compounds such as phenol (Ph) and p-nitro phenol (PNPh) from aqueous solutions. The influence of process variables represented by solution pH value (2-12), adsorbent to adsorbate weight ratio (0.2-1.8), and contact time (30-150 min) on removal percentage and adsorbed amount of Ph and PNPh onto FAC was studied. For PNPh adsorption,( 97.43 %) maximum removal percentage and (48.71 mg/g) adsorbed amount was achieved at (5) solution pH,( 1) adsorbent to adsorbate weight ratio, and (90 min) contact time. While for Ph adsorption, at (4) solution pH, (1.4) absorbent to adsorbate weight ratio, and (120 min) contact
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(3)
Estimation the unknown parameters of a two-dimensional sinusoidal signal model is an important and a difficult problem , The importance of this model in modeling Symmetric gray- scale texture image . In this paper, we propose employment Deferential Evaluation algorithm and the use of Sequential approach to estimate the unknown frequencies and amplitudes of the 2-D sinusoidal components when the signal is affected by noise. Numerical simulation are performed for different sample size, and various level of standard deviation to observe the performance of this method in estimate the parameters of 2-D sinusoidal signal model , This model was used for modeling the Symmetric gray scale texture image and estimating by using
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Abstract
Background
Stathmin1 (also known as metablastin) is a major microtubule-depolymerizing protein that involved in cell cycle progression and cell motility.
Stathmin1 has been found to be up-regulated in some cancers and correlated with cell differentiation and proliferation.
Stathmin1 is a major cytosolic phosphoprotein that regulates microtubule dynamics and is associated with malignant phenotypes in various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer.
Objective
To evaluate the role of Immunohistochemical expression of stathmin1 in non-small
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This review highlights the importance of photodynamic therapy in periodontology. It can be confirmed that the photodynamic therapy as adjunct to classical scaling and root planing can be recommended as treatment option, which can by no means replace the classical therapy concepts. But even over an observation period of six months a slightly higher improvement of the clinical parameters was achieved than with SRP alone.
(3)
The involvement of maxillofacial tissues in SARS‐CoV‐2 infections ranges from mild dysgeusia to life‐threatening tissue necrosis, as seen in SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated mucormycosis. Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) which functions as a receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2 was reported in the epithelial surfaces of the oral and nasal cavities; however, a complete understanding of the expression patterns in deep oral and maxillofacial tissues is still lacking.
The immunohistochemical expression of ACE2 was analyzed in 95 specimens from maxillofacial tissues and 10 specimens o
(1)
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) represents a group of multifactorial autoinflammatory arthritis diseases. A dysregulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines is proposed to have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is one of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, this study aimed to define the role of IL-18 in the pathogenesis of JIA. Accordingly, the serum level of IL-18 was determined in 59 Iraqi JIA patients and 58 matched controls. The results revealed a significantly increased median of IL-18 in the patients as compared to the control. A similar increased level was observed in subgroups of patients characterized according to gender, seropositivity for C-reactive protein and rheumatoid facto
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(3)
(2)
Objective: Assessment the psychological problems in patients with colorectal cancer, and to find out the
relationship between socio-demographic characteristics such as (age, sex, marital status, educational level,
and occupation) and psychological problems for those patients.
Methodology: A descriptive design is employed through the present study from 1
st July 2011 to 25
th December
2011 in order to study the quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with psychological problems.
A purposive (non probability) sample is selected for the study which includes (60) patients diagnosed with
colorectal cancer were treated in Mosul Oncology and Nuclear Medicine hospital or the patients who visited
the outpatient cl