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Determination of Atenolol in pharmaceutical formulations by continuous flow injection analysis via turbidimetric (T180o) and scattered light effect at two opposite position (2N90o ) using Ayah 4SW-3D-T180 -2N90 -Solar - CFI
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A simple, rapid and sensitive method for the analysis of Atenolol in pure and pharmaceutical preparation as an alternative analytical procedure were developed by continuous flow injection analysis via turbidimetric (T180o) and scattered light effect at two opposite position (2N90o). The method is based upon the formation of white precipitate for the ion pair compound by phosphomolybidic acid with Atenolol in aqueous medium. The precipitate is measured via the attenuation of incident light and scattering of the incident light in two opposite direction namely +90o and -90o angle were measured. Chemical and physical parameters were investigated. The linearity of Atenolol is ranged from (0.1-11) mmol.L-1, with correlation coefficient r=0.9938, lower limit of detection (LOD) 0.05 mmol.L-1(3SB)(S/N=3) for n=13 and the relative standard deviation for 7 mmol.L-1 Atenolol solution is lower than 3% (n=7). The method was applied successfully for the determination of atenolol in three pharmaceutical drugs. A comparisons were made between the newly developed method of analysis with the classical method ( uv-spectrophotometry at wave length 274nm) of analysis using the standard addition method via the use of t- test. It shows that there was no significant difference at α=0.05(95% confidence) between the two methods. Therefore the newly developed method can be accepted as an alternative method for the analysis of Atenolol, in addition to comparison between the official value and the calculated value for both methods

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
New Approach for Determination of Ciprofloxacin by Quenched Fluorescence of Analytically Interested Species Using Continuous Flow Injection Laser Diode Fluorimeter Analyser
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The objective of this study was to establish an accurate, precise, sensitive, simple, fast and reliable method for the determination of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in pure or in pharmaceutical dosage forms using Homemade instrument fluorimeter continuous flow injection analyser with solid state laser (405 nm) as a source. The method is based upon the fluorescence fluorescein sodium salt and its quenching by ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in aqueous medium. The solutions of standard and the sample were prepared in distilled water. The calibration graph was linear in the concentration range of using (10 - 100) mMol.L-1 ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (r= 0.9891) with relative standard deviation (RSD%) for 3 mMol.L-1 ciprofloxacin HCl solution is

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Determination of Sulfacetamide Sodium in Pure and Their Pharmaceutical Formulations by Using Cloud Point Extraction Method
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      In this study, simple, low cost, precise and speed spectrophotometric methods development for evaluation of sulfacetamide sodium are described. The primary approach contains conversion of sulfacetamide sodium to diazonium salt followed by a reaction with p-cresol as a reagent in the alkaline media.  The colored product has an orange colour with absorbance at λmax 450 nm. At the concentration range of (5.0-100 µg.mL-1), the Beer̆ s Low is obeyed with correlation coefficient (R2= 0.9996), limit of detection as 0.2142 µg.mL-1, limit of quantification as 0.707 µg.mL-1 and molar absorptivity as 1488.249 L.mol-1.cm-1. The other approach, cloud point extraction w

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 16 2019
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Determination of Ibuprofen in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Differential Pulse Polarography
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     A reliable differential pulse polarographic (DPP) method has been developed and applied for the determination of ibuprofen IBU in dosage form with dropping mercury electrode (DME) versus Ag/AgCl. The best peak was found at cathodic peak of -1.18 V in phosphate buffer at pH=4 and 0.025M of KNO3 as supporting electrolyte. In order to obtaine the highest sensitivity, instrumental and experimental parameters were examined including the type and concentration of supporting electrolyte, pH of buffer solution, pulse amplitude and voltage step time. Diffusion current showed a direct linear relationship to ibuprofen concentration in the range of (5 – 30) μg. mL-1 (2.43× 10-5

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Batch and Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Tetracycline Hydrochloride and Doxycycline Hyclate in Pharmaceutical Preparations
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New, simple and accurate batch and flow injection spectrophotometric
methods have been developed for the determinationsof tetracycline
hydrochloride (TCH) and doxycycline hyclate (DCH) in pharmaceutical
preparations. The methods are based on diazotization of
metchlopramide and coupling reaction with either TCH or DCH in alkaline
medium to form yellow–orange water soluble dye with absorption maxima
at 414 and 436 nm for TCH and DCH, respectively. A graphs of absorbance
versus concentration show that Beer’s law was obeyed over the
concentration ranges of 1 –52 μgmL-1 TCH and DCH for batch method and
of 8 – 240 μg mL-1 TCH and 5 – 350 μgmL-1 DCH for FIA method. The
limits of detection in batchmetho

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 19 2022
Journal Name
Chemistryselect
A Continuous Flow Injection/Indirect Photometric Method for the Detection of Fosetyl Aluminum in Commercial Pesticide Formulations
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Abstract<p>Because of their Physico‐chemical characteristics and its composition, the development of new specific analytical methodologies to determine some highly polar pesticides are required. The reported methods demand long analysis time, expensive instruments and prior extraction of pesticide for detection. The current work presents a new flow injection analysis method combined with indirect photometric detection for the determination of Fosetyl‐Aluminum (Fosetyl‐Al) in commercial formulations, with rapid and highly accurate determination involving only construction of manifold system combined with photometric detector without need some of the pre‐treatments to the sample before the analysis such a</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Nov 20 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
New Approach for Determination of Oxonium Ion in Inorganic Acids by Quenched Fluorescence of Analytically Interested Species via the Liberated Bromine Using Continuous Flow Injection Laser Diode Fluorimeter Analyser
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A new method is characterized by simplicity, accuracy and speed for determination of Oxonuim ion in ionisable inorganic acid such as hydrochloric (0.1 - 10) ,Sulphuric ( 0.1 - 6 ),nitric ( 0.1 - 10 ), perchloric ( 0.1 - 7 ), acetic (0.1 - 100 ) and phosphoric ( 0.1 - 30 ) ( mMol.L-1 )acids. By continuous flow injection analysis. The proposed method was based on generation of bromine from the Bro-3-Br-- H3O+. Bromine reacts with fluorescein to quenches the fluorescence . A sample volume no.1 (31μl) and no.2 (35μl) were used with flow rate of 0.95 mL.min-1 using H2O line no.1as carrier stream and 1.3 mL.min-1 using fluorescein sodium salt line no.2. Linear regression of the concentration ( mMol.L-1 ) Vs quenched fluorescence gives a correla

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 02 2008
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Spectrophotometric determination of Procaine penicillin in pure and pharmaceutical formulations using metol
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A simple, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of Procaine penicillin (PP) is described. The method is based on charge-transfer reaction of PP with metol (N-methyl-p-hydroxy aniline) in the presence of ferric sulphate to form a purple-water soluble complex ,which is stable and has a maximum absorption at 510 nm .A graph of absorbance versus concentration shows that Beer’s low is obeyed over the concentration range of 3-80 µg /ml of PP (i.e.,3-80 ppm) with a molar absorbativity of 4.945 ×103 L.mol-1.cm-1 ,Sandell sensitivity of 0.1190 µg cm-2 ,a relative error of (-1.57)-2.79 % and a standard deviation of less than 0.59 depending on the concentration of PP.The optimum conditions for full co

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 08 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Determination of oxonium ion and application via quenching of continuous fluorescence light (fluorescein salt) using I- -IO3--H3O+ system
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The research work present a sensitive, accurate and fast developed for the determination of oxonium ion (HCl, H2SO4 , HClO4 and tartaric acid). It relies on the formation free iodine molecule from the I--IO3--H3O+ reaction which react with fluorescein sodium salt solution causing to quench the fluorescence light (continuous fluorescence) when irradiated by laser source at 405nm. Optimum parameters were studied giving to specify the chemical and physical parameters. Two line manifold was used. The flow rate of 1.3 and 1.5 mL/min was used, 35μL sample volume no.1 and sample volume no.2 , linear dynamic range extend from 0.05-7, 0.05-7, 0.1-10 and 0.1-10 mMol.l-1 with correlation coefficient of 0.9933, 0.9964, 0.9984 and 0.9973 for HCl, H2

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 11 2022
Journal Name
Al-nisour Journal For Medical Sciences
Spectrophotometric determination of sulfamethoxazole in pure and pharmaceutical formulations
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New, easy, simple, and fast spectral method for estimation of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) in pure and pharmaceutical forms. The proposed method is based on the azotization of the drug compound by sodium nitrite in an acidic medium and then coupling with 2,3dimethyl phenol reagent (DMP) in a basic medium to yield an orange-coloured dye which shows λmax at 402 nm. Different affection of the optimization reaction has been completed, following the classical univariate sequence. The concentration of sulfamethoxazole about (1-15) μg. mL-1 with molar absorptivity of (14943.461) L.mol1 .cm-1 that obeyed Beer’s law. The detection and quantification limits were (0.852, 2.583) μg. mL-1 respectively, while the value of Sandell’s sensitivity (

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of Tropical Medicine And Public Health
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF DIPHENHYDRAMINE HCL IN PURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS USING THYMOL BLUE
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This approach was developed to achieve an accurate, fast, economic and sensitivity to estimation of diphenhydramine Hydrochloride. The dye that produced via reaction between diphenhydramine HCl with thymol blue in acidic medium pH ≈ 4.0. The ion pair method include an optimization study to formed yellowcolored that extraction by liquid – liquid method. The product separated of complexes by using by chloroform solution measured spectrophotometry at 400 nm. The analysis data at optimum conditions showed that linearity concentration in a range of calibration curve 1.0 – 50 μg /mL, limit of detectionand limit of quantification 0.0786 and 0.2358 μg/mL respectively. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity were 1.8 × 10 -4 L/mo

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