A new simple sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method has been
developed for the analysis of vanadium(V) in three randomly chosen samples from
river water at different locations by continuous flow injection analysis. The method
based on the oxidation of pyrogallol by vanadium(V) in acidic solution to form color
species and the same species was determined using homemade Ayah 6SX1-T-2D
solar cell analyser . Chemical and physical parameters were investigated using the
high intensity of snow white light emitted diode as a source. The linear dynamic
range for the instrument response versus vanadium(V) concentration was 1-200
mg.L-1 with correlation coefficient r = 0.9920. The limit of detection (S/N=3) was 70
ng/ sample from the step wise dilution for the minimum concentration in the linear
dynamic range of the calibration graph with RSD % of lower than 1% at 90 mg.L-1
(n=5) concentration of vanadium(V). The method was applied successfully for the
determination of vanadium (V) in three river samples. A comparison was made
between: both of the proposed methods and classical method (UV-Vis
spectrophotometry at wave length 427 nm) using the standard additions method via
the use of paired t-test. It was noticed that there was no significant difference
between two methods at 95 % confidence level
The current work is characterized by simplicity, accuracy and high sensitivity Dispersive liquid - Liquid Micro Extraction (DLLME). The method was developed to determine Telmesartan (TEL) and Irbesartan (IRB) in the standard and pharmaceutical composition. Telmesartan and Irbesartan are separated prior to treatment with Eriochrom black T as a reagent and formation ion pair reaction dye. The analytical results of DLLME method for linearity range (0.2- 6.0) mg /L for both drugs, molar absorptivity were (1.67 × 105- 5.6 × 105) L/ mole. cm, limit of detection were (0.0242and0.0238), Limit of quantification were (0.0821and0.0711), the Distribution coefficient were
... Show MoreTumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) antagonists’ therapy are expensive and has a non-responsive rate between 30% to 40% in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Genetic variation plays a vital role in the responsiveness to this type of therapy.The aim of this study is to investigate if the presence of genetic polymorphism in the TNF-α gene promoter region at locations -376 G/A (rs1800750), -806 C/T (rs4248158), and -1031 T/C (rs1799964) affects rheumatoid arthritis patient's tendency to be a non-responder to etanercept.
Eighty RA patients on etanercept (ETN) for at least six months were recruited from the Rheumatology Unit at Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Based on The European League Against Rheumatism response (EULAR) criteria, patient
... Show MoreReservoir characterization plays a crucial role in comprehending the distribution of formation properties and fluids within heterogeneous reservoirs. This knowledge is instrumental in constructing an accurate three-dimensional model of the reservoir, facilitating predictions regarding porosity, permeability, and fluid flow distribution. Among the various methods employed for reservoir characterization, the hydraulic flow unit stands out as a widely adopted approach. By effectively subdividing the reservoir into distinct zones, each characterized by unique petrophysical and geological properties, hydraulic flow units enable comprehensive reservoir analysis. The concept of the flow unit is closely tied to the flow zone indicator, a cr
... Show MoreThis paper aimed to determine the Optimal Reliable Frequency (ORF) that can maintain certain connection link between different transmitter/receiver stations laid over the Iraqi territory. Three different transmitting sites were chosen as tested stations located in the northern, central, and southern regions of Iraq. These sites are Mosul, Baghdad, and Basra, respectively. In this study, the years 2009 and 2014, which represent the minimum and maximum years of solar cycle 24, were chosen to examine the effect of low and high solar activity on the determined ORF. The datasets of the Best Usable Frequency (BUF) were calculated using the ASAPS international communication model. An analytical study was made on the generated BUF parameter data
... Show MoreAnew Solar concentrator have been designed in this paper, this concentrators Were based on the total internal reflection in a prism, the prism angles has been calculated by depending on the solar incident ray angle in baghdad for a year. The optical design consist ofa triangular presume, Where the solar cells on one side of the prism Wh?le the prism head towered the south. The results show that there is an increasing in the solar ray concentrators and the cell area is reduced.
This paper presents a linear fractional programming problem (LFPP) with rough interval coefficients (RICs) in the objective function. It shows that the LFPP with RICs in the objective function can be converted into a linear programming problem (LPP) with RICs by using the variable transformations. To solve this problem, we will make two LPP with interval coefficients (ICs). Next, those four LPPs can be constructed under these assumptions; the LPPs can be solved by the classical simplex method and used with MS Excel Solver. There is also argumentation about solving this type of linear fractional optimization programming problem. The derived theory can be applied to several numerical examples with its details, but we show only two examples
... Show MoreSmart water flooding (low salinity water flooding) was mainly invested in a sandstone reservoir. The main reasons for using low salinity water flooding are; to improve oil recovery and to give a support for the reservoir pressure.
In this study, two core plugs of sandstone were used with different permeability from south of Iraq to explain the effect of water injection with different ions concentration on the oil recovery. Water types that have been used are formation water, seawater, modified low salinity water, and deionized water.
The effects of water salinity, the flow rate of water injected, and the permeability of core plugs have been studied in order to summarize the best conditions of low salinity
... Show MoreThe alteration in the hydrological regime in Iraq and the anthropogenic increasing effect on water quality of a lotic ecosystems needs to continuous monitoring. This work is done to assess the water quality of Tigris River within Baghdad City. Five sites were selected along the river and ten physicochemical parameters and Overall Index of Pollution (OIP) were applied to assess the water quality for the period between November 2020 and May 2021, the studied period were divided into dry and wet seasons. These parameters were water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total hardness, alkalinity, turbidity, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, electrical co
Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) represents one of the major causes of chronic morbidity where, airflow limitation is caused by a mixture of small airways disease and parenchyma destruction.
Objective: to correlate the clinical characteristics of patients with COPD with imaging classification into phenotypes.
Patients and Methods: Thirty patients with stable COPD were examined by chest CT. Bronchial wall thickness is evaluated by measuring the wall area percentage by identifying the trunk of the apical bronchus of the right upper lobe, while the extent of emphysema was assessed using the percentage of lung voxels with X-ray attenuation values less than -950 HU {automatically calculated by special software}.<