The  objective of this study was to determine the concentration of trace element chromium(III) and thyroid peroxidase activity in human serum , and    to find a relationship between the concentration of chromium(III) and thyroid peroxidase activity in serum of patients with hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and healthy subjects. Serum thyroid peroxidase was measured by enzyme linked radioimmunoassay(ELISA) method and chromium determination was by atomic absorption spectrophotometer .Comparing the values of chromium concentration and thyroid peroxidase activity in both samples showed that there were significant positive correlations between chromium levels and thyroid peroxidase activity(P<0.01, r=0.11).

Background: Complete analysis of facial profile should also include an evaluation of soft tissue morphology. Materials and Method:The sample consisted of 90 Iraqi adults (45 males and 45 females) aged 18-25 years from Baghdad city divided into 3 groups according to the ANB angle with 30 subjects in each group (15 males and 15 females) for class I, II and III. Lateral cephalometric radiograph was taken for each subject and 8 angular and 5 linear measurements were identified and determined, t-test, ANOVA and LSD test were used to compare between both genders and between different classes. Results:Showed that females had greater angular measurements and smaller linear measurements with more lip prominence than males in all classes, there was m

Backgrounds: Despite advances in management of diabetes mellitus, it remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality, yet diabetic nephropathy is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus. .Microalbuminuria is the beginning to the renal complications of diabetes mellitus; it is a significant index of early detection as well as monitoring the progression of diabetic nephropathy.                                                       

An essential issue in obstetrics is the prevalence of maternal and fetal complications in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of pregnancy complications among various phenotypes of pregnant women with PCOS.

Two groups of chronic hepatitis B and C virus patients were divided into Pre-treated patients (25 CHB patients with positive HBs Ag for more than 6 months and 40 CHC patients), and post-treated patients [12 CHB patients (4, 6, and 2 were treated with lamivudine, IFN-? and combination of LMV + IFN-? respectively), and 27 patients for CHC (3, 13 and 11 patients were treated with Ribavirin, IFN-? and combination therapy (RBV+ IFN-?) respectively].These patients were followed up for 6 months. By using ELISA technique, levels of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-? and TNF-? were measured in vivo and in vitro (supernatant of PBMCs stimulated with PHA) and compared with healthy control. The mean level of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-? in CHB patients showed significant dif

      Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the blood vessels or heart. Chlamydia pneumoniae has been considered as the most reasonable; also, it is able to increase and persevere inside vascular cells and to make the chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis. In this study, blood samples were subjected for molecular detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae by using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) depending on 16S rRNA. Seventy patients who suffer from cardiovascular diseases (angina, myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis) aged between 33-86

     The current research focuses on the antioxidant activity, phytochemical, and inorganic content of five common medicinal plants: Asian pigeonwings, lemon balm, lemongrass, ginger, and turmeric. According to the phytochemical screening, flavonoids were present in all plants; tannins were present in lemon balm and lemongrass, saponins were present in all plants except lemongrass, and anthraquinone glycosides were detected only in turmeric. The aqueous extracts from lemon balm, Asian pigeonwings, and the methanolic extract from turmeric had the highest phenolic content, respectively. The inorganic composition of plants was determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Asian pigeonwings, ginger and turmeric are mainly compos

Background: Cerebral palsy is a disorder of movement and posture resulting from permanent, nonprogressive defect or lesion of the immature brain. Spastic cerebral palsy is a common clinical type which is difficult to diagnose clinically in the early years of life. This study was conducted to identify the changes in the H-reflex excitability in children with spastic cerebral palsy as compared to normal children.
Methods: The excitability of the monosynaptic H-reflex pathway was tested in 36 children with spastic cerebral palsy during waking by calculation of the H-reflex wave amplitude with the ratio of maximal H /maximal M response amplitudes and compared with 32 normal children of the matching age.

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder of uncertain etiology , it is the most common endocrinopathy in women and most common cause of anovulatery infertility ,characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenemia .The present study was designed to investigate the effect of silymarin which is known to have antioxidant and insulin sensitivity effects on the  levels of glucose, insulin ,testosterone ,leutinizing hormone(LH) and progesterone .Ovulation rate and Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin Resistance (HOMA) ratio were determined .A 3-months of treatment were conducted in 60 PCOS patients in three well-matched groups .The first one (n=20),received silymarin(750mg/day)  .The second group received

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the common female endocrine disorders of uncertain etiology, which causes menstrual disorders as well as infertility. Interleukin–33(IL-33) is considered as a strong risk marker of inflammation and may have possible role in pathogenesis of PCOS.
Objectives: The present study is designed to investigate the possible role of IL-33 in pathogenesis of PCOS and its relation with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C),insulin resistance(IR) and oxidative stress in prediabetic PCOS patients.
Subjects and Methods: The study involved 30 healthy women as control group and sixty six infertile Iraqi women with PCOS which were divided into two groups according to glycated heamoglobin(HbA1c) value and