Field and laboratory experiments were conducted during the course of study to
test if the sunflower residues along or with 50% full rate of trifluralin herbicide has
any impact on mycorrhizal association and soil nitrification which are important
processes for improving growth and productivity of crops. Results revealed that
incorporation of sunflower residues significantly increased spores number at 2, 4
and 6 weeks of residue decomposition compared to control treatment. However,
when the residues applied in combination with reduced rate of trifluralin herbicide,
sporulation was appreciably decreased by sunflower residues at 3 t ha-1 but it
remains almost the same at 6 t ha-1 rate of residues. Field soil amended with label
rate of trifluralin showed lower sporulation during the first six weeks from
beginning of the experiment. Colonization rate was appreciably increased by
application of sunflower residues at 6 t ha-1 and decreased by label rate of herbicide
and weed free treatments. The highest colonization intensity (83.4) was recorded by
application of sunflower residues at 6 t ha-1, followed by treatment of sunflower
residues at 3 t ha-1 (72.2). Label rate of herbicide recorded the least colonization
intensity (54.4). Incorporation of sunflower residues at 3 and 6 t ha-1 significantly
reduced nitrification rate at all incubation periods in comparison to control.
However, when the residues was applied along with the reduced rate of herbicide,
nitrification rate was significantly increased over the sole application of sunflower
residues at all incubation periods except 4 and 8 days incubation periods but it
remains below control. Soil sterilization treatment showed the least nitrification rate
at all incubation periods. In all bioassay experiments, the amounts of NH4
+
converted
in the incubated soil was significantly correlated with the amount of NO3
- produced
over the periods of incubation suggesting that soil incubation is efficient method that
can be used for measuring nitrification process.It can conclude Sunflower residues
amended in field soil was found to provide a good medium for growing Glomus
mosseae fungus and best way to inhibited nitrification rate and thus may contribute
in alleviating losses of NO3 used by plants and reducing the environmental
pollution.
This paper is devoted to the analysis of nonlinear singular boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations with a singularity of the different kind. We propose semi - analytic technique using two point osculatory interpolation to construct polynomial solution, and discussion behavior of the solution in the neighborhood of the singular points and its numerical approximation. Two examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the methods. Finally, we discuss behavior of the solution in the neighborhood of the singularity point which appears to perform satisfactorily for singular problems.
We have found through research , that administrative institutions on the outskirts of Kufa and their management is not as important as administrative institution in place that were associated with it and subject to its control ,as it often was express power , or poor ( if true ) expression , directors of the center for the suburbs , as it became clear to our diversity of those administrative institutions and prominent role in the interest of the affairs of the people and society in all aspects of life , and are the functions and different staff from the highest authority the suburbs represented by house of representatives ( the workers ) ,then workers abscess and Al-dhaqan and not to mention for other jobs came the actions of Bhaltsier a
... Show MoreThe present study including determined pathological changes in Barbus sharpeyi, as
well as description behavior and growth of bunni fish by used 180 fingerlings, Fish
were distributed randomly upon four treatments in addition to control group. First
treatment (T1) contained cadmium 0.093mg/L with changing water and added cadmium
continuously, the second treatment (T2) contained cadmium 0.093mg/L with changing
water without adding cadmium, third treatment (T3) contained cadmium 0.046mg/L
with changing water and adding cadmium continuously, fourth treatment (T4) contained
cadmium 0.046mg/L with changing water without adding cadmium. In order to estimate
LC50 used 120 fingerlings of fish B. sharpeyi, were exposed to
Arabic text categorization for pattern recognitions is challenging. We propose for the first time a novel holistic method based on clustering for classifying Arabic writer. The categorization is accomplished stage-wise. Firstly, these document images are sectioned into lines, words, and characters. Secondly, their structural and statistical features are obtained from sectioned portions. Thirdly, F-Measure is used to evaluate the performance of the extracted features and their combination in different linkage methods for each distance measures and different numbers of groups. Finally, experiments are conducted on the standard KHATT dataset of Arabic handwritten text comprised of varying samples from 1000 writers. The results in the generatio
... Show MoreHuman action recognition has gained popularity because of its wide applicability, such as in patient monitoring systems, surveillance systems, and a wide diversity of systems that contain interactions between people and electrical devices, including human computer interfaces. The proposed method includes sequential stages of object segmentation, feature extraction, action detection and then action recognition. Effective results of human actions using different features of unconstrained videos was a challenging task due to camera motion, cluttered background, occlusions, complexity of human movements, and variety of same actions performed by distinct subjects. Thus, the proposed method overcomes such problems by using the fusion of featur
... Show MoreIn this paper we present the theoretical foundation of forward error analysis of numerical algorithms under;• Approximations in "built-in" functions.• Rounding errors in arithmetic floating-point operations.• Perturbations of data.The error analysis is based on linearization method. The fundamental tools of the forward error analysis are system of linear absolute and relative a prior and a posteriori error equations and associated condition numbers constituting optimal of possible cumulative round – off errors. The condition numbers enable simple general, quantitative bounds definitions of numerical stability. The theoretical results have been applied a Gaussian elimination, and have proved to be very effective means of both a prior
... Show MoreObviously, within the years 2004, 2005, 2006, several infection cases of damping – off ,leaves ,flowers ,buds and petioles blight ,stem canker ,crown rot have seen on (Gerbera jamesonii) plants in nurseries and appears dirty white(brown) color mold at the first and then convert to gray color on the foliage. The studying is carried out in two locations in Baghdad city which are Palestine Street (Al-Khirat, Al-Zina nurseries) and Zaiyuna (Zainab, Zaiyuna, Baghdad nurseries). The isolation and diagnosis were identified the causal pathogen was Botrytis cinerea.The pathogenicity test was carried out with positive results were positive resulted. The infections percentage on gerbera plants ranged in the studied nu
... Show MoreBackground: Endometriosis is defined as the presence or growth of ectopic endometrial tissue outside their usual site ( the uterus). It is a common condition in women. It may occur in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina and rarely, endometriosis may occur in the abdomen and lungs. Endometriosis is common among women of reproductive age. It is either primary or secondary. The triad of diagnosis is a pain with menstruation, cesarean scar and a mass in the scar.
... Show MoreThe present paper studies the generalized Φ- recurrent of Kenmotsu type manifolds. This is done to determine the components of the covariant derivative of the Riemannian curvature tensor. Moreover, the conditions which make Kenmotsu type manifolds to be locally symmetric or generalized Φ- recurrent have been established. It is also concluded that the locally symmetric of Kenmotsu type manifolds are generalized recurrent under suitable condition and vice versa. Furthermore, the study establishes the relationship between the Einstein manifolds and locally symmetric of Kenmotsu type manifolds.
The aim of this investigation is to present the idea of SAH – ideal , closed SAH – ideal and closed SAH – ideal with respect to an element , and s- of BH – algebra .
We detail and show theorems which regulate the relationship between these ideas and provide some examples in BH – algebra .