Field and laboratory experiments were conducted during the course of study to
test if the sunflower residues along or with 50% full rate of trifluralin herbicide has
any impact on mycorrhizal association and soil nitrification which are important
processes for improving growth and productivity of crops. Results revealed that
incorporation of sunflower residues significantly increased spores number at 2, 4
and 6 weeks of residue decomposition compared to control treatment. However,
when the residues applied in combination with reduced rate of trifluralin herbicide,
sporulation was appreciably decreased by sunflower residues at 3 t ha-1 but it
remains almost the same at 6 t ha-1 rate of residues. Field soil amended with label
rate of trifluralin showed lower sporulation during the first six weeks from
beginning of the experiment. Colonization rate was appreciably increased by
application of sunflower residues at 6 t ha-1 and decreased by label rate of herbicide
and weed free treatments. The highest colonization intensity (83.4) was recorded by
application of sunflower residues at 6 t ha-1, followed by treatment of sunflower
residues at 3 t ha-1 (72.2). Label rate of herbicide recorded the least colonization
intensity (54.4). Incorporation of sunflower residues at 3 and 6 t ha-1 significantly
reduced nitrification rate at all incubation periods in comparison to control.
However, when the residues was applied along with the reduced rate of herbicide,
nitrification rate was significantly increased over the sole application of sunflower
residues at all incubation periods except 4 and 8 days incubation periods but it
remains below control. Soil sterilization treatment showed the least nitrification rate
at all incubation periods. In all bioassay experiments, the amounts of NH4
+
converted
in the incubated soil was significantly correlated with the amount of NO3
- produced
over the periods of incubation suggesting that soil incubation is efficient method that
can be used for measuring nitrification process.It can conclude Sunflower residues
amended in field soil was found to provide a good medium for growing Glomus
mosseae fungus and best way to inhibited nitrification rate and thus may contribute
in alleviating losses of NO3 used by plants and reducing the environmental
pollution.
The emerge of capitalism beside appearing modern and contemporary political systems which had become hold out it is semi-domination on more vital space of human community life, it is through some vital apparatus, which the free market apparatus had make important one which depend on achieve the privileges of the capitalism elite whom standing on it, especially the finance elite. Thus the achievement of the profit had become the main podcasted of those elite which whom the really advancer of the Globalization system, this is which incarnated by the appears and extend of the (COVID-19) fatality pandemic in the end of last year, whereas reveals widespread of it in more than one states in the world, especially the developed coun
... Show MoreThe idea of congruence with constitutionality is based on the extent to which the minimum laws comply with the supreme constitution, because the latter contains constitutional principles and rules that have been established in the legal conscience of the nation and gained the satisfaction of the people.
Based on the foregoing, ordinary laws derive their force and legitimate legitimacy from the extent of their commitment to the provisions of the Constitution and any violation must be amended the law contrary to the constitutional principles by canceling or abstain from application according to the regulatory system in force
... Show MoreThe production of reactive oxygen species in most diseases including osteoarthritis (OA) is confirmed to be the most destractive process to human cells. To investigate the role of free radicals in patients with OA and by comparing lipid peroxidation marker maloan dialdehyde (MDA) and Vit E as one of the potent antioxidant in Sera of (OA) patients with those in healthy population. The study includes 34 patients with knee OA diagnosed by doctors using different diagnostic parameters techniques , 18 females and 16 males and their age ranged 45 – 78 years , in addition to 32 healthy control 16 males and 16 females. The result revealed a significant elevation in serum MDA sera in both patient groups ( male and female)
... Show MoreThe love of the world and its lusts are the head of sins and the corruptors of religion, and the one who loves and loves them who prefers them over the hereafter is one of the most pitiful of creation, and the least intelligent of them, as he prefers imagination over reality, sleep over wakefulness, fleeting shadow over eternal bliss and the mortal abode over the eternal abode, and he sold the life of eternity for the most luxurious life. In life, it is dreams and sleep or as a fleeting shadow, and as it was said: The intelligent person is not deceived.
The reason for choosing this topic is due to two things:
The first: When I contemplated the reasons for the differences and conflicts that afflicted our wounded and occupied country
Hippuric acid and 3-amino phenol were used to make the 4-(2-Amino-4-hydroxy-phenylazo)-benzoylamino-acetic acid diazonium salt, a new Azo molecule that is a derivative of the (4-Amino-benzoylamino)-acetic acid diazonium salt. We found out what the ligand's chemical structures were by using information from 1HNMR, FTIR, CHN, UV-Vis, LC-mass spectroscopy, and thermal analyses. To make metal complexes of the azo ligand with Co(II), Cu(II), Ru(III), and Rh(III) ions, extra amounts of each azo ligand were mixed with metal chloride salts in a 2:2 mole ratio. The stereochemical structures and geometries of the metal complexes that were studied were guessed based on the fact that the ligand exhibited tetradentate bonding behavior when combined w
... Show MoreBackground: The present study was conducted to highlight the importance of environmental pollution and its negative impacts on aquatic, plants and animals lives, especially in industrial areas.
Objective: This research involved studying the hydrogeochemistry of the groundwater and assessing its quality for irrigation and domestic purposes using quality parameters. In this study, 33 groundwater samples were collected from wells during May 2013 and were analyzed for major ions and TDS.
Results: The hydrogeochemical facies of groundwater were identified using the Gibbs model and Chloro – alkaline indices. The results of the Gibbs graph suggest that groundwater
... Show MoreElectronic properties including (bond length, energy gap, HOMO, LUMO and density of state) as well as spectroscopic properties such like infrared, Raman scattering, force constant, reduced mass and longitu- dinal optical mode as a function of frequency are based on size and concentration of the molecular and nanostructures of aluminum nitride ALN, boron nitride BN and AlxB7-XN7 as nanotubes has calculated using Ab –initio approximation method dependent on density functional theory and generalized gradient approximation. The geometrical structure are calculated by using Gauss view 05 as a complementary program. Shows the energy gap of ALN, BN and AlxB7-XN7 as a function of the total number of atoms , start from smallest molecule to reached
... Show MoreFusidic acid (FA) is a well-known pharmaceutical antibiotic used to treat dermal infections. This experiment aimed for developing a standardized HPLC protocol to determine the accurate concentration of fusidic acid in both non-ionic and cationic nano-emulsion based gels. For this purpose, a simple, precise, accurate approach was developed. A column with reversed-phase C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm ID x 5 m) was utilized for the separation process. The main constituents of the HPLC mobile phase were composed of water: acetonitrile (1: 4); adjusted at pH 3.3. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/minute. The optimized wavelength was selected at 235 nm. This approach achieved strong linearity for alcoholic solutions of FA when loaded at a serial concentrati
... Show MoreThe worsening of environmental problems has led to them being addressed by many entities, the most important of which are the top regulators. Federal Board of supreme audit Office is one of the most important regulators in Iraq. The problem of the research was the fundamental question of the extent to which the Federal Financial Supervisory Office was committed to implementing and exercising environmental control over the audited ones. The refore, the research was based on the main objective of questioning the role of the Federal Financial Supervisory Office in the exercise of environmental control and the compliance of those under its control, by identifying the antosai standards for environmental control, particularly the stand
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