Background : In order for a tooth to erupt, two obvious requirements are needed. First, there has to be alveolar bone resorption of the bone overlying the crown of the tooth such that an eruption pathway is formed. Second, resorption of bony crypt and apposition of new one, third, there has to be a biological process that will result in the tooth moving through this eruption pathway.The amniotic sac contains a considerable quantity of stem cells. These amniotic stem cells are multipotent and able to differentiate into various tissues, which may be useful for human application. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) is concentrated on bone biology, more specifically bone metabolism. RANKL plays a vital role in osteoclast

Background: The prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and their contribution to increased morbidity and mortality due to the difficult-to-treat diseases caused by these bacteria, has demonstrated a need to develop and use alternative antimicrobial agents to control multidrug-resistant bacteria. There has been a growing interest in medicinal plants and herbs and their extracts for the discovery of new natural therapeutic alternatives. Therefore, this current study aimed to know the antibacterial activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the Sumac (Rhus coriaria L) fruits against multidrug-resistant clinical bacterial isolates and the effect of these extracts on biofilm production as an important virulenc

Abstract:                                                                                                                Fluoroquinolones drugs are an important class of wide

Infection with cryptosporidiosis endangers the lives of many people with immunodeficiency, especially HIV patients. Nitazoxanide is one of the main therapeutic drugs used to treat cryptosporidiosis. However, it is poorly soluble in water, which restricts its usefulness and efficacy in immunocompromised patients. Surfactants have an amphiphilic character which indicates their ability to improve the water solubility of the hydrophobic drugs. Our research concerns the synthesis of new cationic Gemini surfactants that have the ability to improve the solubility of the drug Nanazoxide. So, we synthesized cationic Gemini surfactants. N1,N1,N3,N3-tetramethyl-N1,N3-bis(2-octadecanamidoethyl)propane-1,3-diaminium bromide (CGSPS18) and 2,2‘-(etha

This study included the isolation and diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cases of burns samples. 100 samples were collected from resident patients at Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital, who suffer from different types of burns. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated and diagnosed with 39% of the total samples. The cold and hot aqueous and alcoholic extract of flaxseeds oil was prepared and its inhibitory efficacy has been studied on the growth of isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is revealed that both extracts of flaxseeds oil had a high inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of flaxseed oil on the studied bacteria was also estimated, which was 25 mg/ml. In conclusion, the efficacy of fla

     The metformin drug  is anti-hyperglycemia  and known to cross the placenta  which leads to the fetus during pregnancy .The aim of this study is to  define the drug  effects in the fetus growth . The doses  used , therapeutic dose ( 0.18 & 0.53 ) mg\25g body weight  and over dose ( 1.8 & 2.85) mg\ 25g body weight , administrated orally  at the beginning organogenesis stage at ( 6 -18 ) day of pregnancy in the morning . A total ( 50 ) animal  were divided into five groups .The first group control not treated , 2nd group  treated with (0.18) mg , 3rd group  with  ( 0.53 ) mg , 4th group with ( 1.8 ) mg and 5th group

  This study was designed to show the roles of vitamin D as immune-modulatory agent in serum type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients collected from type II Diabetes Mellitus and controls. They have been classified into two groups as the following: 1) Patients of type II DM group includes (20) individuals from both sexes with age range (35–65) years. 2) Control group: includes (20) healthy individuals from both sexes, with age range (30 – 45) years and no previous disease which may interfere with the parameters analyzed in this research. All the blood samples were analyzed for vitamin D3, albumin, C- reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA),  α1- antitrypsin and to

Background: pulmonary function can change with age for normal individual's .Spirometric measurement for the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the forced vital capacity and the ratio (FEV1/FVC) can reveal airway obstruction and the consequence change in pulmonary performance. These parameters can be different for different race /ethnic and gender.
Methods: Pulmonary function test were carried out on 29normal male and 37 normal female the test parameters were FEV1 and FVC from which the ratio of FEV1/FVC %was calculated in relation to age. Iraqi average for FEV1 and FVC and FEV1/FVC % has also been obtained
Results: results of these tests reveled that the ratio of FEV1/FVC % is almost th

      Immunological genes, including TLR3 and RIG-I, have recently been established to have linked to predisposition to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its severity. The purpose of this case-control study (100 recovered COVID 19 cases and 100 healthy individuals) was to determine the role of gender, age, TLR3 and RIG-I genes in COVID-19 aggressiveness. TLR3 and RIG-I gene expression was detected using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). COVID-19 infection intensity increased with age and no statistical difference between males and females (p>0.05) was found. TLR3 and RIG-I gene expression levels were higher in patients compared to hea

Background: The most serious problem in burn units is nosocomial infection (NI). In extensive burn patients, sepsis is considered the main cause of death; infection control program will help to lower NI and its subsequent high mortality rate.

Objective: To achieve the lowering of NI in burn units, by effect of infection control measures (ICMs).

Patients and methods: This is a prospective study conducted on patients admitted in Burn Center/Medical City in Baghdad from May 2012 to April 2015. A total of 1977 hospitalized patients were included in this study. This center receives burn patients with different severity. In around April 2012 an infection control program was sta