Steganography involves concealing information by embedding data within cover media and it can be categorized into two main domains: spatial and frequency. This paper presents two distinct methods. The first is operating in the spatial domain which utilizes the least significant bits (LSBs) to conceal a secret message. The second method is the functioning in the frequency domain which hides the secret message within the LSBs of the middle-frequency band of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients. These methods enhance obfuscation by utilizing two layers of randomness: random pixel embedding and random bit embedding within each pixel. Unlike other available methods that embed data in sequential order with a fixed amount. These methods embed the data in a random location with a random amount, further enhancing the level of obfuscation. A pseudo-random binary key that is generated through a nonlinear combination of eight Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs) controls this randomness. The experimentation involves various 512x512 cover images. The first method achieves an average PSNR of 43.5292 with a payload capacity of up to 16% of the cover image. In contrast, the second method yields an average PSNR of 38.4092 with a payload capacity of up to 8%. The performance analysis demonstrates that the LSB-based method can conceal more data with less visibility, however, it is vulnerable to simple image manipulation. On the other hand, the DCT-based method offers lower capacity with increased visibility, but it is more robust.
Purpose: The current research attempts to diagnosis the reflection level of Information Technology (IT) Capabilities (Architectural, infrastructure, human resources, relationships resources, and dynamic capabilities) at Baghdad soft drinks Company/Al- Zafaraniya to achieving the competitive superiority represented by indicators (Cost, quality, flexibility, delivery and innovation). Recognizing the importance of the subjects studied, and because of the importance of the expected results of the field under consideration.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The experimental method has been used, the questionnaire used to collect th
... Show MoreThe Tigris River in Iraq is of highly meandering in several of its parts. So, the largest meandering inside Baghdad City, is in Al-Jadriyah. During its course, the Tigris Riverbanks are facing erosion frequently due to alteration in the geomorphological and hydrological characteristics affecting the river channel. The entire length of Tigris River from the northern entrance of Baghdad to the convergence with Diyala River at southern of Baghdad is about 49 km length. The Tigris River is suffering from the erosion, deposition, and migration conditions. The river migration was found as maximum in the left bank at the side of the University, and lesser in the right bank in the opposite side, Dora. The aim of this study is to measure the magn
... Show MoreThe article examines the definition of the verb in the form of the imperative mood (imperative) _ general information about the verb in Russian .
A verb in Russian is one of the parts of speech that unify all parts of speech, expressing the meaning of action, movement, process in grammatical forms of time, type, mood, face and voice. The imperative mood is a grammatical feature of the verb expressed through several forms of the verb that urges someone to do things. In other words, imperative mood or (imperative) : - one of the single meaning of the form . The form of the imperative expresses a supplicatio
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