In the present work, the fabrication techniques of type of Nd +3-glass laser active
media : namely, Neodymium- Tellurite glass, where the glass system(TeO2(1-x) - BaOZnO-
Nd2O3x) for values of (X=1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5 wt%) was used.
Measurements have been taken for the signal of fluorescence spectrum of Nd+3- glass
samples. The fluorescence spectrum, for one of the samples, has been taken, after the
sequences of polishing for the out surface.
The results give signal of fluorescence spectrum for the samples. Intensity of the peak of
the signal increases with Nd +3 concentration. The fluorescence at (l=1.06 mm) for one
of the samples has been detected and the fluorescence line width was (100 cm-1). The
cross section of stimulated emission for this type of laser active media (sp(lp=1.06
mm)=3.59*10-20 cm2), and the results compared with the published data.
Deep convective clouds tend to exert large but compensating effects in the shortwave and longwave that largely cancel, leading to a muted effect on net cloud radiative effect. Multi-layered cloud systems, ubiquitous in both hemispheres, exert strong cooling influence on Earth of around 6.1 W m-2.
Teachers should have acceptable ratios of multiple intelligences. Knowing their most dominate intelligence, teachers will be capable of understanding and considering the multiple intelligences of their students. Accordingly, they will be able to use Gardner’s theory as an effective approach of teaching for all kinds of learners and not limited to a specific type of students especially those who have high ratios of verbal-linguistic and logic-mathematical intelligences
الهدف من هذا البحث قياس البرامج التدريبية والتعرف على طبيعتها ومن ثم قياس كيفية انعكاسها على جودة الخدمات البلدية من قبل الدوائر البلدية المبحوثة من خلال قياس الجودة بالاعتماد على معايير قياس الجودة ، وقد أختار الباحث أربعة دوائر بلدية في قطاع الرصافة/ بغداد وهي بلدية (الشعب، الاعظمية، بغداد الجديدة، الصدر الاولى)، وأختيرت عينة عشوائية طبقية من (164) فردا يمثلون المديرين ومعاونيهم ومسؤولي الأقسام البلدية
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The researchers aimed to develop a novel azo ligand as a continuation of their prior investigations. They synthesized the ligand, identified as N-(3-acetyl-2- hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl)N-(4-carboxy-cyclohexylmethyl)-diazonium salt, and proceeded to synthesize a series of chelate complexes with Ru+3, Rh+3, Pd+2, Pt+4, and Au+3 ions. Characterization of these compounds includes advanced techniques including elemental analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, LC-Mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy plus thermal analysis, conductivity measurements, magnetic quantification using TGA and DSC are used to further clarify the and synthesized complexes have been developed.Analysis revealed that the complexes formed with Ru+3, Rh+3, Pt+4, and Au
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The reaction of(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-Carbonyl chloride)(k1) with hydrazine in boiling ethanol gives the hydrazide(K2).When compound (k2) reacts with various aromatic aldehydes ,the corres ponding Schiff bases(k3–k4) achieve new series of thiazotidines (k5–k6) and azetidinones (k7–k8) obtained from the reactions of appropriate Schiff bases with mercapto acetic acid and chloro acetyl chloride respectively. All the compounds are characterized by FT-IR,1H-NMR and GC-Ms.
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Image recognition is one of the most important applications of information processing, in this paper; a comparison between 3-level techniques based image recognition has been achieved, using discrete wavelet (DWT) and stationary wavelet transforms (SWT), stationary-stationary-stationary (sss), stationary-stationary-wavelet (ssw), stationary-wavelet-stationary (sws), stationary-wavelet-wavelet (sww), wavelet-stationary- stationary (wss), wavelet-stationary-wavelet (wsw), wavelet-wavelet-stationary (wws) and wavelet-wavelet-wavelet (www). A comparison between these techniques has been implemented. according to the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), root mean square error (RMSE), compression ratio (CR) and the coding noise e (n) of each third
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The current study aimed the syntheses and characterizations of Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) using a laser ablation Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wave-length of 355 nm at a variety of laser pulse energies (E) and deposited on porous silicon (PS). Optical emission spectrometer was used to diagnosed medium air to study gold plasma characteristics and prepared Au nanoparticles. The laser pulse energy influence has been studied on the plasma characteristics in air. The data showed the emergence of the ionic (Au II) spectral emission lines in the gold plasma emission spectrum. XRD has been utilized to examine structural characteristics. Moreover, AFM results 37.2 nm as the mean value of the diameter that is coordinated in a shape similar to the
... Show Morea laser ablation Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wave-length of 355 nm at a variety of laser pulse energies (E) and deposited on porous silicon (PS). Optical emission spectrometer was used to diagnosed medium air to study gold plasma characteristics and prepared Au nanoparticles. The laser pulse energy influence has been studied on the plasma characteristics in air. The data showed the emergence of the ionic (Au II) spectral emission lines in the gold plasma emission spectrum. XRD has been utilized to examine structural characteristics. Moreover, AFM results 37.2 nm as the mean value of the diameter that is coordinated in a shape similar to the rod that appears for Au NPs, in addition to that, TEM has been an indication of the fact that syn
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The efficiency of Nd:YAG laser radiation in removing debris and smear layer from prepared root
canal walls was studied. Fifty-seven human extracted single rooted anterior teeth were divided into three
groups. A group that was not lased is considered as a control group. The remaining teeth were exposed to
different laser parameters regarding laser energy, repetition rate and exposure time. For the case of the set of
parameters of 7 mJ laser energy, the cleaning was maximum at 3 p.p.s. repetition rate for 3 seconds exposure
time for, the coronal, middle and apical thirds. Above and below this energy level, there was an overdose
(melting) or under dose (no effect). Nevertheless for 10mJ laser energy case, the cleaning effi