The fractional free volume (Fh) in polystyrene (PS) as a function of neutron -irradiation dose has been measured, using positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) method. The results show that Fh values decreased with increasing n-irradiation dose up to a total dose of 501.03× 10-2 Gy.
A percentage reduction of 2.14 in Fh values is noticed after the initial n-dose corresponding to a percentage reduction in the free volume equal to 42.14/Gy.
The total n-dose induces a percentage reduction of 7.26, corresponding to a percentage reduction of 1.45/Gy. These results indicate that cross -linking is the predominant process induced by n-irradiation.
The results suggest that n-irradiation induces structure changes in PS, causing cross-linking in PS chains, whereas the presence of oxygen during irradiation causes retardness of cross-linking yield, which consequently affects the values of the above mentioned parameter with respect to their values in case the irradiation is performed in vacuum
The cadastral map is very important because it has technical and materialist
specification of the property borders and these maps which are land registration
based on it in Iraq, the problem is an ancient maps and unfit for use, despite its
importance, Therefor the updating and digitize the cadastral map is very pivotal, this
is what we have done in the present work.
In the present work, we have an old cadastral map (as a paper) was made in 1932
with modern satellite image (Quick Bird ) 2006, which has 61 cm resolution for the
same area after. Geometric correction technique has been applied by using image-toimage
method or (image registration ) and after that we get new agricultural cadaster
map and connect the
In the present work, lead silicate glasses have been prepared with
different amount of lead oxide content. Structure properties such as
X-ray diffraction, AFM, and FTIR analyses have been done. The
exceeding of PbO content more than 25wt% revealed a decreasing in
density. The X- ray revealed that the strongest peak related to
Hexagonal silica dioxide and the other crystal phases formed were
related to silica oxide (SiO2) and lead oxide (PbO). Growth and
decayed phases in X-ray have been observed with changing lead
oxide content. Homogeneous surface was obtained using AFM
analyzer with an average diameter around 100 nm. Infrared spectrum
is characterized by the presence of large absorption band between
120
The primary objective of this research is to determine the best EDI
software application that meets the users' requirements, and to show
the functionality potentially presented in any software of electronic
data interchange (EDI) system. Also, in this paper, will be addressed
issues relating to integration EDI system into business process, and
the issues regarding the performance of EDI application will also be
discussed
Simplification of new fashion design methods
In this paper, we define a new subclass of multivalent functions defined by the generalized integral operator with negative coefficients in the open unit disk U. We also give and study some interesting properties such as coefficient estimates, subordination theorems and integral means inequalities by using the famous Littlewood's subordination theorem. Finally, we conclude a type of inequalities that is upper bound and lower bound for topology multivalent functions of all analytic functions.
Data compression offers an attractive approach to reducing communication costs using available bandwidth effectively. It makes sense to pursue research on developing algorithms that can most effectively use available network. It is also important to consider the security aspect of the data being transmitted is vulnerable to attacks. The basic aim of this work is to develop a module for combining the operation of compression and encryption on the same set of data to perform these two operations simultaneously. This is achieved through embedding encryption into compression algorithms since both cryptographic ciphers and entropy coders bear certain resemblance in the sense of secrecy. First in the secure compression module, the given text is p
... Show MoreEnvironmental exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can have negative effects on the health of ecosystems and humans. While numerous studies have monitored APIs in rivers, these employ different analytical methods, measure different APIs, and have ignored many of the countries of the world. This makes it difficult to quantify the scale of the problem from a global perspective. Furthermore, comparison of the existing data, generated for different studies/regions/continents, is challenging due to the vast differences between the analytical methodologies employed. Here, we present a global-scale study of API pollution in 258 of the world’s rivers, representing the environmental influence of 471.4 million people across
... Show More