The current study aimed the syntheses and characterizations of Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) using a laser ablation Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wave-length of 355 nm at a variety of laser pulse energies (E) and deposited on porous silicon (PS). Optical emission spectrometer was used to diagnosed medium air to study gold plasma characteristics and prepared Au nanoparticles. The laser pulse energy influence has been studied on the plasma characteristics in air. The data showed the emergence of the ionic (Au II) spectral emission lines in the gold plasma emission spectrum. XRD has been utilized to examine structural characteristics. Moreover, AFM results 37.2 nm as the mean value of the diameter that is coordinated in a shape similar to the

a laser ablation Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wave-length of 355 nm at a variety of laser pulse energies (E) and deposited on porous silicon (PS). Optical emission spectrometer was used to diagnosed medium air to study gold plasma characteristics and prepared Au nanoparticles. The laser pulse energy influence has been studied on the plasma characteristics in air. The data showed the emergence of the ionic (Au II) spectral emission lines in the gold plasma emission spectrum. XRD has been utilized to examine structural characteristics. Moreover, AFM results 37.2 nm as the mean value of the diameter that is coordinated in a shape similar to the rod that appears for Au NPs, in addition to that, TEM has been an indication of the fact that syn

In this research pulse high voltage circuit was used including resistance,
inductance and capacitor to achieve an experiment of cylindrically-tipped of plasma
switch .The charging voltage of up to 9kV using Rogowski coil and current-shunt
resistance (CVR) used to measure pulsed electrical discharge (PED). The current in
both self-triggering and third-electrode triggering modes. The pulsed current peaks
4kA and the duration of circuit pulses were recorded between 0.1μs and 0.3μs. The
experimental results has shown clearly the inductance effect in the circuit parts in
under damped oscillation regarding the value of circuit parts in addition to the
distance of the spark gap cylindrically-tipped electrodes during th

In this work the diode planer magnetron sputtering device was
designed and fabricated. This device consists of two aluminum discs
(8cm) diameter and (5mm) thick. The distance between the two
electrodes is 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and 5cm.
Design and construction a double probe of tungsten wire with
(0.1mm) diameter and (1.2mm) length has been done to investigate
electron temperature, electron and ion density under different
distances between cathode and anode. The probes were situated in
the center of plasma between anode and cathode.
The results of this work show that, when the distance between
cathode and anode increased, the electron temperature decreased.
Also, the electron density increases with the increasing

In this paper, a construction microwave induced plasma jet(MIPJ) system was used to produce a non-thermal plasma jet at atmospheric pressure, at standard frequency of 2.45 GHz and microwave power of 800 W. The working gas Argon (Ar) was supplied to flow through the torch with adjustable flow rate using flow meter regulator. The influence of the MIPJ parameters such as applied voltage and argon gas flow rate on macroscopic microwave plasma parameters were studied. The macroscopic parameters results show increasing of microwave plasma jet length with increasing of applied voltage, argon gas flow rate where the plasma jet length exceed 12 cm as maximum value. While the increasing of argon gas flow rate will cause increasing into the ar

Background:

     In the current study, the emission spectra generated from clove were measured under normal atmospheric pressure with different laser energies. Clove is used as a source of essential oil in herbal medicine, in particular as a dynamic analgesic oil in dental and other diseases. For aromatherapy, Antiseptic, antiviral, and antimicrobial agents are also packaged with cloves. Compounds that reduce inflammation tend to battle sore throats, cold, and cough as they display so many advantages. The measured spectrum reveals distinctive lines of clove’s chemical elements. X-ray fluorescent (XRF) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) were used to measure the spectrum generated or absorbed by detecting the presence of va

      In this work, the effect of laser energy on the properties of a calcium plasma generated by a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser at the fundamental wavelength was studied using spectroscopy. The Boltzmann plot and Stark broadening method were used to measure the main plasma parameters (electron temperature and electron density). The electron temperature ranged ( 0.169 -0.172 ) eV, the electron density ranged ( 2.10 – 2.63 ) for laser energy range of ( 400 – 700) mJ. Other basic plasma properties were also measured, including the Debye length, the number of particles in the Debye sphere, and the plasma frequency. Laser energy affects all plasma parameters, according to our results.

In this work, we studied the effect of power variation ​​on inductively coupled plasma parameters using numerical simulation. Different values ​​were used for input power (750 W-1500 W), gas temperature 300K, gas pressure (0.02torr),         5 tourns of the copper coil and the plasma was produced at radio frequency (RF) 13.56 MHZ on the coil above the quartz chamber. For the previous purpose, a computer simulation in two dimensions axisymmetric, based on finite element method, was implemented for argon plasma. Based on the results we were able to obtain plasma with a higher density, which was represented by obtaining the plasma parameters (electron density, electric potential, total power, number density of argon ions, el

An experimental investigation has been carried out for zinc-nickel (Zn-Ni) electro-deposition using the constant applied current technique. Weight difference approach method was used to determine the cathode current efficiency and deposit thickness. Also, the influence effect of current density on the deposition process, solderability, and porosity of the plating layer in microelectronic applications were examined. The bath temperature effect on nickel composition and the form of the contract was studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Moreover, elemental nature of the deposition was analyzed by Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX).     

It has been found that the best bath temperature