In this study, a double frequency Q-switching Nd:YAG laser beam (1064 nm and λ= 532 nm, repetition rate 6 Hz and the pulse duration 10ns) have been used, to deposit TiO2 pure and nanocomposites thin films with noble metal (Ag) at various concentration ratios of (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt.%) on glass and p-Si wafer (111) substrates using Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD) technique. Many growth parameters have been considered to specify the optimum condition, namely substrate temperature (300˚C), oxygen pressure (2.8×10-4 mbar), laser energy (700) mJ and the number of laser shots was 400 pulses with thickness of about 170 nm. The surface morphology of the thin films has been studied by using atomic force microscopes (AFM). The Root Mean Sq

Thin films of highly pure (99.999%) Tellurium was prepared by high vacuum technique (5*10-5torr), on glass substrates .Thin films have thickness 0.6m was evaporated by thermal evaporation technique. The film deposited was annealed for one hour in vacuum of (5*10-4torr) at 373 and 423 K. Structural and electrical properties of the films are studies. The x-ray diffraction of the film represents a poly-crystalline nature in room temperature and annealed film but all films having different grain sizes. The d.c. electrical properties have been studied at low and at relatively high temperatures and show that the conductivity decreases with increasing temperature at all range of temperature. Two types of conduction mechanisms were found to d

Exploding wire Technique is a way for production metal and its compound nanoparticle that is capable of production of bulk amount at low cost semiconductor. In this work a copper iodine nanoparticles were fabricate by exploding copper wires with different currents in iodine solution. The produced samples were examined by XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM to characterize their properties. The XRD proved the Nano-size for producer. The crystalline size increases with increasing current. FTIR measurements show a peaks located at 638.92 for Cu-I stretch bond indicate on formation of copper iodide compound and the peaks intensities increase with increasing current. The SEM and TEM measurements show that the thin films have nanostructures.

              In this work, pure and doped Vanadium Pentoxide (V₂O₅) thin films with different concentration of TiO₂ (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) wt  were obtained using Pulse laser deposition technique on amorphous glass substrate with thickness of (250)nm. The morphological, UV-Visible and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were studied. TiO₂ doping into V₂O₅ matrix revealed an interesting morphological change from an array of high density pure V₂O₅ nanorods (~140 nm) to granular structure in TiO₂-doped V₂O₅ thin film .Transform Infrared Spectro

ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this study is to develop a controlled release matrix tablet of candesartan cilexetil to reduce the frequency of administration,enhance bioavailability and improve patient compliance; a once daily sustained release formulation of candesartan cilexetil is desirable.Methods: The prepared tablets from F1 to F24 were evaluated with different evaluation parameters like weight variation, drug content, friability,hardness, thickness and swelling ability. In vitro release for all formulas were studied depends on the type and amount of each polymer, i.e. (16 mg,32 mg and 48 mg) respectively beside to the combination effect of polymers on the release of the drug from the tablet.Results: In vitro release show

AlO-doped ZnO nanocrystalline thin films from with nano crystallite size in the range (19-15 nm) were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition technique. The reduction of crystallite size by increasing of doping ratio shift the bandgap to IR region the optical band gap decreases in a consistent manner, from 3.21to 2.1 eV by increasing AlO doping ratio from 0 to 7wt% but then returns to grow up to 3.21 eV by a further increase the doping ratio. The bandgap increment obtained for 9% AlO dopant concentration can be clarified in terms of the Burstein–Moss effect whereas the aluminum donor atom increased the carrier's concentration which in turn shifts the Fermi level and widened the bandgap (blue-shift). The engineering of the bandgap by low

Cadmium Oxide and Bi doped Cadmium Oxide thin films are prepared by using the chemical spray pyrolysis technique a glass substrate at a temperature of (400?C) with volumetric concentration (2,4)%. The thickness of all prepared films is about (400±20) nm. Transmittance and Absorbance spectra are recorded in the wave length ranged (400-800) nm. The nature of electronic transitions is determined, it is found out that these films have directly allowed transition with an optical energy gap of (2.37( eV for CdO and ) 2.59, 2.62) eV for (2% ,4%) Bi doped CdO respectively. The optical constants have been evaluated before and after doping.

The crystal structure and unit cell dimensions of the (S03) compound have  been determined by employing the principles of crystallography.

The X-Ray diffraction spectra of (Sb203) which recorded as a function  of   different  annealing  temperatures  (100,150,200  and

250)±5c and for durations (0.5  hr,

0

1hr, l.Shr and 2hr), showed a

noticeable improvement, a decreasing in the unit cell dimensions and

an increasing in the number of diffraction spectra.

Indexing of diffraction spectra and refinement of  unit cell

dimensions showed that the compound (Sb203)  which is a

A significant influence of temperature width found on the vanadium oxide properties, it plays a major role in highlighting the thermal limits of the three phases (metallic, semiconductor, and dielectric). Two values of the temperature width , and , had taken and studied their effect on both the dielectric constant and its two parts; refractive index, and extinction coefficient, and. It found that: as the temperature width is greater, the more the properties of the three phases for . In addition to increasing the thermal range for phases which can be reached to when , while it's at . Our results have achieved great compatibility with the published results globally. In addition to the effect of both ultraviolet, visible, and infrared