In this study, Zinc oxide nanostructures were synthesized via a hydrothermal method by using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and sodium hydroxide as a precursor. Three different annealing temperatures were used to study their effect on ZnO NSs properties. The synthesized nanostructure was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Atomic force microscope (AFM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Their optical properties were studied by using UV -visible spectroscopy. The XRD analysis confirms that all ZnO nanostructures have the hexagonal wurtzite structure with average crystallite size within the range of (30.59 - 34.52) nm. The crystallite size increased due to the incensement of annealing temperature. FESEM analysis indicates that ZnO has hexagonal shape of cylindrical pores, plate-like nanocrystals and Nanorods. AFM analysis shows that the average surface roughness of ZnO Nanostructures increases from 3.96 to 19.1 nm with the increase of annealing temperature. The FTIR peaks indicate successful preparation of ZnO Nanostructures. The FTIR method was used to analyses the chemical bonds which conformed the present of the Zn-O group in the region between (400-500) cm-1. The UV-visible showed a red shift in the absorption spectra related to the shift in the energy gap related to increase in the particle size. the band gap energy has been calculated from the optical absorption spectra. The annealing process has been fond more effective on the value of energy gap. As the annealing temperature increases, the value of energy gap, increases as well; from (3.12to 3.22) eV. The prepared Nanostructure is used for antibacterial property. It shows strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P.aeuruginosa bacteria by the agar disc diffusion method. The white precipitate of ZnO NSs has superior antibacterial activity on gram-positive (S. aureus) than the gram-negative (P.aeuruginosa) bacteria.
A new ligand [4-Methoxy -N-(pyrimidine-2-ylcarbamothioyl) benzamide] (MPB) was synthesized by reactioniofi(4-Methoxyibenzoyliisothiocyanate)withi(2-aminopyri-midine). The Ligand was characterized by elemental micro analysis (C.H.N.S),(FT-IR) (UV- Vis) and (1Hi,13CNMR)spectra. Some transition metals complexes of this ligand were prepared and characterized by (FT-IR, UV-Vis) spectra conductivity measurements magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. From the obtained results the molecular formula of all complexes was suggested to be [M(MPB)2Cl2] (M+2i=Cu, Mn, Co ,Ni ,Zn ,Cd and Hg),the proposed geometrical structure for all complexes was an octahedral.
Optoelectronic devices, widely used in high energy and nuclear physics applications, suffer severe radiation damage that leads to degradations in its efficiency. In this paper, the influence of gamma radiation (137Ce source) and beta radiation (90Sr source) on the photoelectric parameters of the Si solar cell, based on the I–V characterization at different irradiation exposer, has been studied. The penetrating radiation produces defects in the base material, may be activated during its lifetime, becoming traps for electron–hole pairs produced optically and, this will, decrease the efficiency of the solar cell. The main objective of the paper is to study and measure changes in the I–V characteristics of solar cells, such as efficienc
... Show MoreBased on nonlinear self- diffraction technique, the nonlinear optical properties of thin slice of matter can be obtained. Here, nonlinear characterization of nano-fluids consist of hybrid Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes and Silver Nanoparticles (SWCNTs/Ag-NPs) dispersed in acetone at volume fraction of 6x10-6, 9x10-6, 18x10-6 have been investigated experimentally. Therefore, CW DPSS laser at 473 nm focused into a quartz cuvette contains the previous nano-fluid was utilized. The number of diffraction ring patterns (N) has been counted using Charge - Coupled- Device (CCD) camera and Pc with a certain software, in order to find the maximum change of refractive index ( of fluids. Our result show that the fraction volume of 18x10-6 is more nonli
... Show MoreReservoir rock typing integrates geological, petrophysical, seismic, and reservoir data to identify zones with similar storage and flow capacities. Therefore, three different methods to determine the type of reservoir rocks in the Mushrif Formation of the Amara oil field. The first method represents cluster analysis, a statistical method that classifies data points based on effective porosity, clay volume, and sonic transient time from well logs or core samples. The second method is the electrical rock type, which classifies reservoir rocks based on electrical resistivity. The permeability of rock types varies due to differences in pore geometry, mineral composition, and fluid saturation. Resistivity data are usually obtained from w
... Show MoreA new ligand [N-(3-acetylphenylcarbamothioyl)-4-chlorobenzamide] (CAD) was synthesized by reaction of 4-Chlorobenzoyl isothiocyanate with 3-amino acetophenone, The ligand was characterized by elemental micro analysis C.H.N. S., FT-IR, UV-Vis and 1H,13C- NMR spectra, some transition metals complexes of this ligand were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption, From obtained results the molecular formula of all prepared complexes were [M(CAD)2(H2O)2]Cl2 (M+2 =Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg),the proposed geometrical structure for all complexes were octahedral
A new ligand [N-(4-nitrobenzoylamino)-thioxomethyl] phenylalanine is synthesized by reaction of 4-nitrobenzoyl isothiocyanate with phenylalanine (1:1). It is characterized by micro elemental analysis (C.H.N.S.), FT-IR, (UV-Vis) and 1H and 13CNMR spectra. Some metals ions complexes of this ligand were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, UV-Visible spectra, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. From results obtained, the following formula [M(NBA)2] where M2+ = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Hg, the proposed molecular structure for these complexes as tetrahedral geometry, except copper and palladium complexes are have square planer geometry.
In this work, the preparation of some new oxazolidine and thiazolidine derivatives has been conducted. This was done over two steps; the first step included the synthesis of Schiff bases A1-A5 in 72-88% yields by the condensation of isonicotinic acid hydrazide and aldehydes. The second step includes the cyclization of derivatives A1-A5 with glycolic acid and thioglycolic acid to obtain the desired products, oxazolidine derivatives B1-B5 (44-60% yields) and thiazolidine derivatives C1-C5 (41-61% yields), respectively. The structure of the prepared compounds was characterized using FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Some of the produced compounds were tested for antioxidant properties.
Background: Meclizine hydrochloride (MCZ) is an antihistamine that is used as an antiemetic to prevent and cure nausea and vomiting. Because of its limited water solubility and first-pass metabolism, it exhibits variable absorption. Objective: To formulate and evaluate MCZ as an intranasal in situ gel with increased residence time and permeability. Methods: We made an inclusion complex of MCZ using various cyclodextrins as a complexing agent to help the drug dissolve better. The complexes were studied, and the ones that were better at dissolving were chosen to be used in the creation of an in situ gel with poloxamer 407 (17–20% w/v) and hyaluronic acid (0.25–0.75% w/v). Prepared formulas were subjected to various evaluation tes
... Show MoreNimodipine (NMD) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker useful for the prevention and treatment of delayed ischemic effects. It belongs to class ? drugs, which is characterized by low solubility and high permeability. This research aimed to prepare Nimodipine nanoparticles (NMD NPs) for the enhancement of solubility and dissolution rate. The formulation of nanoparticles was done by the solvent anti-solvent technique using either magnetic stirrer or bath sonicator for maintaining the motion of the antisolvent phase. Five different stabilizers were used to prepare NMD NPs( TPGS, Soluplus®, HPMC E5, PVP K90, and poloxamer 407). The selected formula F2, in which Soluplus
has been utilized as a stabilizer, has a par
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