The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of Nd:YAG laser shock processing (LSP) on micro-hardness and surface roughness of 86400Cu-Zn alloy. X-ray fluorescence technique was used to analyze the chemical composition of this alloy. LSP treatment was performed with a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm. The results show that laser shock processing can significantly increase. The micro-hardness and surface roughness of the LSP-treated sample. Vickers diamond indenter was used to measure the micro-hardness of all samples with different laser pulse energy and the different number of laser pulses. It is found that the metal hardness can be significantly increased to more than 80% by increasing the laser energy and the number of laser pulse irradiated per unit area. The relationship between laser pulse energy and the value of surface roughness is a proportionality due to the increase in ablation processes which are associated with LSP at sample surface caused by the increasing of laser pulse energy.
This research deals with the topic of "the status of women" in the literature of Sufism. The researcher cites a bundle of mystical yarns, and examples of verses and poems from this high literature that look at women with reverence and appreciation. The researcher tried to find an appropriate explanation and away from the arbitrariness of the symbols used by the poets of Islamic Sufism In their poems.
The research is considered a comparative study of the Arabic and Kurdish dialects, by selecting six famous poets from the literature of literature, three of them from Arabic literature, and the other three from Kurdish literature, so the research is di
... Show MoreIn this study, the electron coefficients; Mean energy , Mobility and Drift velocity of different gases Ar, He, N2 and O2 in the ionosphere have been calculated using BOLSIG+ program to check the solution results of Boltzmann equation results, and effect of reduced electric field (E/N) on electronic coefficients. The electric field has been specified in the limited range 1-100 Td. The gases were in the ionosphere layer at an altitude frame 50-2000 km. Furthermore, the mean energy and drift velocity steadily increased with increases in the electric field, while mobility was reduced. It turns out that there is a significant and obvious decrease in mobility as a result of inelastic collisions and in addition lit
... Show MoreX-ray phase analysis was used to analyse the composition of Pb8Na(2±x)(PO4)6 (lead-sodium apatite structure) with different X values (X values refer to changes in the excess or lack of sodium (2±X) in the apatite structure): -0.15, -0.10, -0.05, 0.00, +0.05, +0.10, and +0.15. The ceramic method (solid-state reaction) was used to synthesize all samples at a temperature of 800 °C. Many programs, such as match software (v.3), PDF-4 database (ICCD), and database PDF-4 (ASTM), were used to study the single phases. The least-squares method was used to calculate the unit cell parameters. Results have shown that the following compositions: Pb8Na2(PO4)6<
... Show MoreThe current investigation conducted to examine the anatomical aspects of the Arum colocasia L. cultured in Iraq. The study included the anatomical characteristics of the different plant parts, including the root, stem and leaf, the results of the study on the vegetative parts were shown the important anatomical characteristics in terms of the form of the sections reviewed and vertical in them, and the study of their tissues, as well as the stomata complexities and the thickness of the epidermis, vascular bundles, pith, additionally the dimensions of mesophyll and in blade of the leaf. The research was conducted as it is one of the monocotyledon plants and because of the lack of anatomical studies on it, therefore it was studied to know the
... Show MoreThe research deals with a very important topic, which is social security viewed in the context of criminal protection for state security and the challenges it faces after a decisive change in the methods of war. The research also presents a different division of the generations of wars. We limit ourselves to four of them based on the change in the strategic war objectives and not just the means of committing them. This is because these means are not suitable for describing the real changes in the patterns of wars and the goals that it seeks to achieve. The research stresses the importance of putting the concept of state security in its correct framework, which is part of social security, so that the interest of the political system and the
... Show MoreThe article characterizes metaphors and comparisons as a means of rethinking the phenomena of the surrounding world; two directions are named within which metaphors and comparisons are studied: 1) the linguo-classification direction combines several classifications of metaphors and comparisons, which are basically focused on comparing two denotations through the meanings of word forms that are part of the trope; 2) the theoretical and conceptual direction is associated with the concept of conceptual displacement and is the basis of the theoretical and methodological study of metaphor and comparison, i.e. the modern theory of metaphor is being formed; The main attention is focused on the comparative concept of Aristotle, which postul
... Show MoreEducation is a process of learning and education at the same time. As the conditions of modern life necessitate every person to keep learning, education has become a necessity to meet life needs. The society today is concerned with the educational process and aims to live up the expectations. Since education is an integral part of education and its means, it has become as a mean to achieve its purposes. The educational environment was a traditional environment limited to specific inputs, possibilities and stimulus of both teacher and student. Due to the latest advancement, the educational environment has been expanded to become a rich, with strong connections. It has expanded to encompass the entire global environment. The current
... Show MoreThe economical units in the world face great and rapid challenges in all aspects, a matter that requires facing these challenges throughout continuous improving and developing in their performance to keep their competitive position "place".
The Benchmarking Technique is one of the modern managerial tools that are proved to be successful in application throughout making continuous comparisons between products or services and the best – performance levels the compete with it . This is achieved to develop its performance and give it the competitive criterion with which it faces its competitors.
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This paper aims to review the intellectual to the most important thought leaders administrative and strategic They both (Henry Fayol and Michelle Porter), who forward a lot of ideas that have helped countries in the advancement and progress their economies , has been drawing literature theoretical common border in Contributions ( Fayol ) philosophical and between applications ( Porter ), which reversed strategies of the three ( the leadership of the cost, differentiation, and focus ), so browse search how to apply and use the principles of Fayol in the implementation of strategies competitiveness of Porter, and stems from a problem ( ( to what extent a reflection of the principles ( Fayol) fourteen strategies (Porter ) competitiv
... Show MoreCivil society organizations in Iraq have become a community hard case dispensable as the link between the state institutions and their leaders, and between citizens of different orientations and age groups, as it represents the diversity of the terms of reference and understanding of the laws and standards of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which requires governments to provide supplies president of its citizens to live in dignity, direct and Msasha in the life of society and the dictates we scientific our role in achieving scientific benefit and transfer of expertise to the community has become imperative for the researcher to campaign in the midst of the scientific research of the slogans of those or
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