Many diseases can produce cardiac overload, of these disease hypertension, valve disease congenital anomaly in addition to many other disease. One of the most common diseases causing left ventricle overload is hypertension. A long term hypertension can cause myocardium hypertrophy leading to changes in the cardiac contractility and reduced efficiency. The investigations were carried out using conventional echocardiography techniques in addition to the tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) from which many noninvasive measurements can be readily obtained. The study has involved the effect of hypertension on the myocardium stiffness index through the measurement of early diastolic filling (E) and the early velocity of lateral mitral annulus (Ea) from which left ventricle filling pressure can be obtained. Our aim was to investigate the changes in the myocardium index of diastolic stiffness using TDI for patients suffering from systemic hypertension. We studied 263 hypertensive patients (105 males and 158 females of average age of 54.07± 12.7) and 166 healthy subjects (age range 40.06± 12.8,53 males and 113 females) as a control group. Measurements were carried out using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) of the mitral annulus in addition to other echocardiographic measurements for the assessment of left ventricle end diastolic dimension (LVEDD), Doppler peak early (E) and late (A) diastolic filling velocities. Results reveal that mitral annular early diastolic velocity (Ea) measured by TDI, that (Ea) was significantly lower for the hypertensive group in comparison with the control group (Ea 9.81 ± 2.87 cm/s for hypertensive vs. 12.90 ± 2.395 cm/s for control p value <0.001. Hypertensive group also showed a significantly higher mitral annular late diastolic velocity (Aa) in comparison with control group as Aa 11.21 ± 2.504 cm/s for hypertensive vs. 9.787 ±2.201cm/s for control, p value <0.001.. In conclusion, LV myocardial diastolic stiffness index is increased in hypertensive patients.
Abstract:
Robust statistics Known as, resistance to errors caused by deviation from the stability hypotheses of the statistical operations (Reasonable, Approximately Met, Asymptotically Unbiased, Reasonably Small Bias, Efficient ) in the data selected in a wide range of probability distributions whether they follow a normal distribution or a mixture of other distributions deviations different standard .
power spectrum function lead to, President role in the analysis of Stationary random processes, form stable random variables organized according to time, may be discrete random variables or continuous. It can be described by measuring its total capacity as function in frequency.
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... Show MoreIn this research, the problem of ambiguity of the data for the project of establishing the typical reform complex in Basrah Governorate was eliminated. The blurry of the data represented by the time and cost of the activities was eliminated by using the Ranking function and converting them into normal numbers. Scheduling and managing the Project in the Critical Pathway (CPM) method to find the project completion time in normal conditions in the presence of non-traditional relationships between the activities and the existence of the lead and lag periods. The MS Project was used to find the critical path. The results showed that the project completion time (1309.5) dinars and the total cost has reached (33113017769) dinars and the
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Research Summary
The doctrine of belief in the Last Day is one of the pillars of faith, and the doctrine of resurrection and reckoning are part of this day.
Belief in the Last Day puts a person in constant control over himself, as this control creates in this person happiness and a decent life, and he renounces the world and turns away from all vices and adorns all virtues.
On the other hand, we find that the person who does not believe in this day does not stand before his eyes anything that prevents him from doing injustices and corruption in the land. The doctrine of belief in the Last Day alone is
... Show MoreAcid treatment is a widely used stimulation technique in the petroleum industry. Matrix acidizing is regarded as an effective and efficient acidizing technique for carbonate formations that leads to increase the fracture propagation, repair formation damage, and increase the permeability of carbonate rocks. Generally, the injected acid dissolves into the rock minerals and generates wormholes that modify the rock structure and enhance hydrocarbon production. However, one of the key issues is the associated degradation in the mechanical properties of carbonate rocks caused by the generated wormholes, which may significantly reduce the elastic properties and hardness of rocks. There have been several experimental and simulation studies regardi
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... Show MoreAccurate computation of the roughness coefficient is important in the studies of open channel flow. To measure and identify the hydraulic characteristics of the flow system, the model simulation is necessary to study and get the results of the hydraulic properties to specify Manning coefficient of the Euphrates River. In this study, the reach is extended along the Euphrates River from Haditha Dam to Ramadi Barrage with a distance of 169km. The HEC-RAS model was implemented to simulate the flow within the study reach. The geometry of the river was represented by more than two hundred cross-sections surveyed in 2013 and 2021. The model was calibrated using some observed discharges at the Heet gage station for records of th
... Show MoreThe research included the introduction to the research and its importance as knee joint is an important joint in the human body that is prone to injury. One such injury is knee roughness injury that occurs as a result of the stress of the knee joint and age. The importance of examining the need for the use of rehabilitation exercises, especially in the watercourse system, is highlighted by the fact that the aquatic environment is one of the most important factors helping to alleviate pain and rehabilitate the knee joint and thereby improve the mobility of those with knee roughness. The problem of research is that rehabilitation exercises have been developed in the watercourse system on the basis of scientific bases with a repetitive and sys
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