In this study, the Earth's surface was studied in Razzaza Lake for 25 years, using remote sensing methods. Images of the satellites Landsat 5 (TM) and 8 (OLI) were used to study and determine the components of the land cover. The study covered the years 1995-2021 with an interval of 5 years, as this region is uninhabited, so the change in the land cover is slow. The land cover was divided into three main classes and seven subclasses and classified using the maximum likelihood classifier with the help of training sets collected to represent the classes that made up the land cover. The changes detected in the land cover were studied by considering 1995 as a reference year. It was found that there was a significant reduction in the water mass

The adsorption ability of Iraqi initiated calcined granulated montmorillonite to adsorb of 4-(4-Nitrobenzeneazo) 3-Aminobenzoic Acid from aqueous solutions has been investigated through columnar method. The azo dye adsorption found to be dependent on adsorbent dosage, initial concentration and contact time. All columnar experiments were carried out at three different pH values (5.5, 7and 8) using buffer solutions at flow rate of (3 drops/ min.), at room temperature (25±2) °C. The experimental isotherm data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin equations. The monolayer adsorption capacity is 6.4066 mg Azo ligand per 1g calcined Montmorillonite. The experiments showed that highest removal rate 90.5 % for azo dye at pH 5.5.The

This paper presents the Taguchi approach for optimization of hardness for  shape memory alloy (Cu-Al-Ni) . The influence of  powder metallurgy parameters on hardness has been investigated. Taguchi technique and ANOVA were used for analysis. Nine experimental runs based on Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array were performed (OA),for two parameters was study (Pressure and sintering temperature) for three different levels (300 ,500 and 700) MPa ,(700 ,800 and  900)^oC respectively . Main effect, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio was study, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) using  to investigate the micro-hardness characteristics of the shape memory alloy .after application the result of study shown the hei

This research deals with the use of a number of statistical methods, such as the kernel method, watershed, histogram, and cubic spline, to improve the contrast of digital images. The results obtained according to the RSME and NCC standards have proven that the spline method is the most accurate in the results compared to other statistical methods.

In this research we been estimated the survival function for data suffer from the disturbances and confusion of Iraq Household Socio-Economic Survey: IHSES II 2012 , to data from a five-year age groups follow the distribution of the Generalized Gamma: GG. It had been used two methods for the purposes of estimating and fitting which is the way the Principle of Maximizing Entropy: POME, and method of booting to nonparametric smoothing function for Kernel, to overcome the mathematical problems plaguing integrals contained in this distribution in particular of the integration of the incomplete gamma function, along with the use of traditional way in which is the Maximum Likelihood: ML. Where the comparison on the basis of the method of the Cen

This research presents a method for calculating stress ratio to predict fracture pressure gradient. It also, describes a correlation and list ideas about this correlation. Using the data collected from four wells, which are the deepest in southern Iraqi oil fields (3000 to 6000) m and belonged to four oil fields. These wells are passing through the following formations: Y, Su, G, N, Sa, Al, M, Ad, and B. A correlation method was applied to calculate fracture pressure gradient immediately in terms of both overburden and pore pressure gradient with an accurate results. Based on the results of our previous research , the data were used to calculate and plot the effective stresses. Many equations relating horizontal effective stress and vertica

The current study uses the flame fragment deposition (FFD) method to synthesize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from Iraqi liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which is used as a carbon source. To carry out the synthesis steps, a homemade reactor was used. To eliminate amorphous impurities, the CNTs were sonicated in a 30 percent hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) solution at ambient temperature. To remove the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated during LPG combustion, sonication in an acetone bath is used. The produced products were investigated and compared with standard Multi-walled carbon nanotube MWCNTs (95%), Sigma, Aldrich, using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, scanning el

Until recently, researchers have utilized and applied various techniques for intrusion detection system (IDS), including DNA encoding and clustering that are widely used for this purpose. In addition to the other two major techniques for detection are anomaly and misuse detection, where anomaly detection is done based on user behavior, while misuse detection is done based on known attacks signatures. However, both techniques have some drawbacks, such as a high false alarm rate. Therefore, hybrid IDS takes advantage of combining the strength of both techniques to overcome their limitations. In this paper, a hybrid IDS is proposed based on the DNA encoding and clustering method. The proposed DNA encoding is done based on the UNSW-NB15