The main goal of this work is to obtain the plasma electron temperature Te by optical emission spectroscopy of low pressure microwave argon plasma, as a function of working pressure and microwave power. A plasma system was designed and constructed in our laboratory using a magnetron of domestic microwave oven with power 800W without any commercial part. The applied voltage on the magnetron electrical circuit is changed for the purpose of obtaining the variable values of the microwave power. The spectral detection is performed with a spectrometer of wavelength range (200−1000nm). The working pressure and magnetron applied voltage were 0.3-3.0mbar and 180-240V, respectively. Two methods had been applied to estimate the electron temperature, the ratio of two lines’ intensity and Boltzmann plot method. It was found that, for the plasmas investigated, an increase of the electron temperature when the applied voltage has been increasing, while the electron temperature decreases when the working pressure is increasing.
Slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) is a modern type of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC). It has unique properties; SIFCON is superior in compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, impact resistance, energy absorption and ductility. Because of this superiority in these characteristics, SIFCON was qualified for applications of special structures, which require resisting sudden dynamic loads such as explosions and earthquakes. The main aim of this investigation is to determine the effect of fibre type on the apparent density of SIFCON and on performance under impact load. In this investigation, hook-end steel fibre and polyolefin fibre were used. Purely once and
Brainstorming is one of the fundamental and necessary concepts for practicing the auditing profession, as auditing standards encouraged the implementation of brainstorming sessions to reach reasonable assurance about the validity of the evidence and information obtained by the auditor to detect fraud, as the implementation of brainstorming sessions and the practice of professional suspicion during the audit process lead to increase the quality of auditing and thus raise the financial community's confidence in the auditing profession again after it was exposed to several crises that led to the financial community losing confidence in the auditing profession.
The research aims to explain the effect of brain
... Show MoreThe using of phytochemicals of Punica granatum to control the
snail of Bulinus truncatus the intermediate hosts of urinary
schistosomiasis in Iraq in a laboratory study.
It was found that the peel and leave of Punica granatum was
effective to control the snail with very small amount of different concentrations (30-50 mg/l) in the first day of the treatment.
Thin films of GexS1-x were fabricated by thermal evaporating under vacuum of 10-5Toor on glass substrate. The effect of increasing of germanium content (x) in sulfide films on the electrical properties like d.c conductivity (σDC), concentration of charge carriers (nH) and the activation energy (Ea) and Hall effect were investigated. The measurements show that (Ea) increases with the increasing of germanium content from 0.1to0.2 while it get to reduces with further addition, while charge carrier density (nH) is found to decrease and increase respectively with germanium content. The results were explained in terms of creating and eliminating of states in the band gap
The primary purpose of the present research was to study the effect of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) powder content on ultrasonic wave velocity in PVC/Epoxy composites. The second part is concerned with the relations of dynamic elastic moduli with the ultrasonic wave velocities, to determine how ultrasonic waves can affect them.
Experimental data have been obtained using the sonic viewer (model -5217 A) device to generate two types of waves, longitudinal waves of frequency 63 kHz and transverse waves of frequency 33 kHz and to measure the transit time required for those waves to travel through individual sample.
The experimental results have shown that the propagation of the ultrasonic velocity increases directly with PVC content in the
The effect of SiO 2 ) Silica) on the dielectric and physical properties of Mnx-Ni1 -xFe2O4 ،، X=0.5 is studies. The samples are prepared by the conventional manufacturing
method. We found that the physical and dielectric properties of Mn-Ni ferrite change
considerably with the substituent samples .the variation of dielectric constant as a function of
frequency of ferrite system decrease with frequency increases and increase with the increase
the concentration of SiO 2 . It was found that the increase of SiO 2 concentration of all our
samples produce an increase in mass density and decrease with porosities
Zinc oxide films (ZnO) are prepared by an electrolysis technique and without vacuum and then annealed atvarious temperatures (300,400,500)OC for an hour. The structural analysis performed by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) shows,dominant orientation of this films is plane (101), has a hexagonal structure and polycrystalline pattern and it was is found that the crystal size increases(24,29) nm at annealing temperatures (300, 400)° C, but the crystal size decreases to (20 nm) at annealing temperature (500 ° C). As the results of a surface nature study of these films showed by examining the atomic force microscope (AFM), the grain size increases from (60.79 to 88.11) nm, and the surface roughnes
... Show MoreImage processing applications are currently spreading rapidly in industrial agriculture. The process of sorting agricultural fruits according to their color comes first among many studies conducted in industrial agriculture. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study by developing an agricultural crop separator with a low economic cost, however automatically works to increase the effectiveness and efficiency in sorting agricultural crops. In this study, colored pepper fruits were sorted using a Pixy2 camera on the basis of algorithm image analysis, and by using a TCS3200 color sensor on the basis of analyzing the outer surface of the pepper fruits, thus This separation process is done by specifying the pepper according to the color of it
... Show MoreOne of the most important phenomenon that occurs in sheet metal forming processes is the spring-back, which causes several geometrical alterations in the parts. The accurate prediction of springback after bending unloading is the key to the tool design, operation control, and precision estimate concerning the part geometry. This study investigated experimentally the effect of pretension in three rolling direction (0, 90, 45 degree) on the springback behavior of the yellow brass, sheet under V shape bending die. The pre-tension ranges from five different levels starting of 11% to 55% from the total strain in each rolling direction by regular increase of 11 %, then bent on a V-die 90 degree for the springback estimate. From experiment the
... Show MoreThe phenomenon of delayed marriage triggered the intention of most researchers and specialists to reveal the social factors associated with the spread of this phenomenon in order to identify the characteristics of that phenomenon and the social factors resulting from it. Thus, the current research aims to identify the social factors most related to the delay in marriage age among working-women at the University of Baghdad, represented by family factors, economic factors-professional, psychological factors – subjective, and environmental factors. The researcher also aims to identify the differences in social factors associated with late marriage age for working women at the University of Baghdad in terms of the type of profession (teach
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