Back ground: The study was conducted on fifty patients (27 males and 20 females) with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD), at
artificial Kidney unit, Al- Hakeem Hospital / Najaf, during the perioed from April to June 2008.
Patients & methods: Plasma osmolarity ( Posm), plasma creatinine (P cr ) plasma urea (P urea)>plasma sodium (P Na)and plasma potassium ( P k )were measured for
all patients before and after dialysis.
Results: The paired t -test was used to compare the pre-dialysis values with the post dialysis values and simple linear correlation to study the relation between (P
Na), and ( Posm), p values less than 0.05 considered not significant. The result of&

Azo dyes are the most common and widely used dyes, accounting for more than half of each year's dyes. In this work, a complete description of a new innovative series of compounds with the elements [Ag (I), Zn (II)] generated from the guanine azo dye ligand (GAB) 8-[1-(3-carboxy) azo] guanine has been studied. The structural formula was studied using several physicochemical analyses and spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR spectra, UV-Vis). The FTIR spectrum of the ligand (GAB) was compared to the spectra of the metal ion complexes formed to determine its identity. Chelating caused some changes in the spectra of the complexes to appear to demonstrate that they could be linked to the ligand. The complexes have a tetrahedral geometry shape, the

The accurate 3-D coordinate's measurements of the global positioning systems are essential in many fields and applications. The GPS has numerous applications such as: Frequency Counters, Geographic Information Systems, Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems, Car Navigation Systems, Emergency Systems, Aviations, Astronomical Pointing Control, and Atmospheric Sounding using GPS signals, tracking of wild animals, GPS Aid for the Blind, Recorded Position Information, Airborne Gravimetry and other uses. In this paper, the RTK DGPS mode has been used to create precise 3-D coordinates values for four rover stations in Baghdad university camp. The HiPer-II Receiver of global positioning system was used to navigate the coordinate value. The results wil

The  aim  of this  work  is to determine radon and  its decay  product concentratiQns  indoor   and  outdoor   in  different   areas   in  north   and middle  are·a of Iraq by using nuclear  trak detectors  , CR-39  , CN- 85 andLR-115.                        -

For   CR-39    detectors   ,   the   highest    radon    concentration  was

(64.07Bq/m3)indoor and  (52.4  Bq/m3)

outdoor &n

     The accurate 3-D coordinate's measurements of the global positioning systems are essential in many fields and applications.  The GPS has numerous applications such as: Frequency Counters, Geographic Information Systems, Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems, Car Navigation Systems, Emergency Systems, Aviations, Astronomical Pointing Control, and Atmospheric Sounding using GPS signals, tracking of wild animals, GPS Aid for the Blind, Recorded Position Information, Airborne Gravimetry and other uses. In this paper, the RTK DGPS mode has been used to create precise 3-D coordinates values for four rover stations in Baghdad university camp. The HiPer-II Receiver of global positioning system was used to navigate the

CdSe alloy has been prepared successfully from its high purity elements. Thin films of this alloy with different thicknesses (300,700)nm have been grown on glass substrates at room temperature under very low pressure (10-5)Torr with rate of deposition (1.7)nm/sec by thermal evaporation technique, after that these thin films have been heat treated under low pressure (10-2)Torr at (473,673)K for one hour. X-ray patterns showed that both CdSe alloy and thin films are polycrystalline and have the hexagonal structure with preferential orientation in the [100] and [002] direction respectively. The optical measurements indicated that CdSe thin films have allowed direct optical energy band gap, and it increases from (1.771.84) eV and from (1.6-1

Background: the first stage ,labour is divided into early (latent phase )when uterine contractions are irregular and cervical effacement and dilatation are gradual, while the active phase of labour commences when cervical dilatation reaches (4) cm .and uterine contractions are more powerful . Our aim from this study is to see the effect of the timing of admission to labour room on mode of delivery and foetal outcome.
Patients and method: 240 nulliparous women at term pregnancy were diagnosed as labour pain and admitted to Baghdad Teaching Hospital from the first of January to the end of December 2006, they were followed during their course of labour to see the effect of admission to the labour room in&nbs

BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the clinical manifestation of acutely diminished coronary arterial blood supply. The rate of increase of intraventricular pressure during isovolumetric contraction (left ventricular dP/dt) represents the rate of change of pressure during ejection. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the rate of increase of intraventricular pressure during isovolumetric contraction (dP/dt) in assessment of left ventricular function in patients with acute coronary syndrome and its relation to certain clinical and echocardiographic features. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study is a cross sectional study including 50 patients with an established diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. The

Solar tracking systems used are to increase the efficiency of the solar cells have attracted the attention of researchers recently due to the fact that the attention has been directed to the renewable energy sources. Solar tracking systems are of two types, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and sun path tracking. Both types are studied briefly in this paper and a simple low cost sun path tracking system is designed using simple commercially available component. Measurements have been made for comparison between fixed and tracking system. The results have shown that the trackin

Bioethanol production from sugar fermentation is one of the most sustainable alternatives to substitute fossil fuel. production of bioethanol from low grade dates which are rich of sugars. An available sugar from a second grade dates (reduction sugar) was 90g/l in this study. Sugar can be served as essential carbon sources for yeast growth in aerobic condition and can also be converted to bioethanol in anaerobic condition. The effect of various parameters on bioethanol production, fermentation time, pH-values, inoculum size and initial sugar concentration were varied in order to determine the optimal of bioethanol production. The highest bioethanol yield was 33g/l which was obtained with sugar concentration 90 g/l, inocu