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Study of starch, sugar blending effect on the biodegradability of (PVA) for packaging applications
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PVA, Starch/PVA, and Starch/PVA/sugar samples of different
concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40 % wt/wt) were prepared by casting
method. DSC analysis was carried; the results showed only one glass
transition temperature (Tg) for the samples involved, which suggest
that starch/PVA and starch/PVA/sugar blends are miscible. The
miscibility is attributed to the hydrogen bonds between PVA and
starch. This is in a good agreement with (FTIR) results. Tg and Tm
decrease with starch and sugar content compared with that for
(PVA). Systematic decrease in ultimate strength, due to starch and
sugar ratio increase, is attributed to (PVA), which has more hydroxyl
groups that made its ultimate strength higher than that for
starch/PVA, and starch/PVA/sugar blends. It is observed from water
uptake tests that the solubility time decreases with starch ratio; it is
attributed to decrease in hydroxyl groups caused by PVA ratio
decrease. The inter- and inter-molecular bonds of the hydroxyl
groups enhanced the solubility process of the starch/PVA blends in
water. The water immersion causes hydrogen bonds (inter and
intermolecular bonds) to decompose, that increases the film
solubility. Water absorption and capacity of degradability are most
important in biodegradable materials. The results suggest the samples
that have undergone investigation, can be used for shopping, and
food packaging.
The study of soil burial for the sample at (3cm) depth, and at (13cm)
depth has exhibited weight loss increase with soil burial time. The
biodegradability rapidly increases at the first (6-7) weeks; it is found
that the weight loss at (3cm) depth is greater than that at (13cm) that
was attributed to the differences in the availability of oxygen ratio. It
is found that PVA undergoes lowest weight loss, the weight loss
changes with starch, and sugar content. In dry soil, the weight loss is
lower. The results proved that the biodegradation decreases with soil
burial time after seven weeks of burial. It is concluded that the
samples involved are biodegradable material that can be used for
packaging applications and biologically friendly synthetic polymer
blends to solve the solid waste accumulation problem.

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Training Program based on Some Strategies of Self-Regulated Learning for the Teachers of Mathematics and its Effect on their Relational Mathematics
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This research aims at building a proposed training program according to the self-regulated strategies for the mathematics teachers and to identify the effect of this program on relational Mathematics of teachers. The sample of the research was (60) Math teachers; (30) teachers as experimental group and (30) teachers as control group. The results of the current research reacheded that the proposed training program according to some self-managed learning strategies, meets the needs of trainees with remarkable effectiveness to improve the level of their teaching performance to achieve the desired goals. Training teacher according to self-managed learning strategies is effective in bringing about the transition of training to their students

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The affective factors on the urban growth for the port cities (analytical study of the growth of the Um Qasr city))
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In this paper, the relationship between urban growth, land use, site availability, and impacts on the general appearance of the city generated by functional characteristics of port cities were analyzed. Various data were used to identify patterns of land use change and city growth and expansion. The research aims to analyze the impact of the port on the growth of the city, study the urban growth of the city of Umm Qasr and predicting the growth trends, and to identify the most influential factors in this growth. The study dealt with the concepts of urban growth and the factors that characterize the growth of port cities and the current situation of the city. The practical part included the mechanisms used by the researcher to analyze the

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study of annealing effect on some Optical Properties of CuIn(SexTe1-x)2 Thin Films
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The optical properties for the components CuIn(SexTe1-x)2 thin films with both values of selenium content (x) [0.4 and 0.6] are studied. The films have been prepared by the vacuum thermal evaporation method with thickness of (250±5nm) on glass substrates. From the transmittance and absorbance spectra within the range of wavelength (400-900)nm, we determined the forbidden optical energy gap (Egopt) and the constant (B). From the studyingthe relation between absorption coefficient (α) photon energy, we determined the tails width inside the energy gap.
The results showed that the optical transition is direct; we also found that the optical energy gap increases with annealing temperature and selenium content (x). However, the width of l

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 02 2026
Journal Name
Advances In Environmental Biology
A study effect of thyme on biochemical and histological changes in liver of male rats
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Jalal AL-deen ALhanafi and his educational effect on the IRAQI society - A historical study
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Sheikh Hanafi was born in one of the popular shops of Baghdad with interlocking social relations, and had a profound impact this camp where his talents in the first Venco loving to Mahalah and Baghdad and was born with this development since his days looked forward to the folklore and folk. In the middle of his youth, including authoring loves the heritage of folk legacies began in motion, from Baghdad, books, articles, research has brought him wide acclaim were not possible without the seriousness and diligence, independence and self-Asamath that mushroom on them
The trip was one of his tools in the scientific fame has gone to many Eastern and Asian countries and visited religious and literary institutes and delivered the lectures an

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Effect of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Fertility Hormones for Female Rats
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Abstract<p>The direct application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is the main scope of plasma medicine in or on the organism for curative purposes. Cold plasma is both effective in disrupting a wide range of microorganisms including multiple drug resistant ones (MDRs) and to stimulate proliferation of mammalian cells. It has obtained by Floating Electrode Dielectric Barrier Discharge (FE-DBD) system. The present study aimed to show the effected of cold plasma on the fertility hormones LH, Prolactin, Estrogen, and Testosterone hormones for healthy adult female rats (Albino) / bulb c). There are divided into many groups according to time exposure of plasma (15, 30, 60, and 90 second) and a refere</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Effect of a novel coating material on the microleakage of glass hybrid restoration in primary teeth – An in vitro study
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Background: Glass ionomer restorations are widely employed in the field of pediatric dentistry. There is a constant demand for a durable restoration that remains functional until exfoliation. This study aimed to measure and compare the effect of a novel coating material (EQUIA Forte Coat) on the microleakage of glass hybrid restoration (EQUIA Forte HT) in primary teeth. Material and method: Thirty cavitated (class-II) primary molars were allocated randomly into two groups based on the coat application; uncoated (control) and coated group (experimental). Cavities were prepared by the use of a ceramic bur (CeraBur) and restored with EQUIA Forte HT with or without applying a protective coat (EQUIA Forte Coat). Samples went through the

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Effect of a novel coating material on the microleakage of glass hybrid restoration in primary teeth – An in vitro study
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Background: Glass ionomer restorations are widely employed in the field of pediatric dentistry. There is a constant demand for a durable restoration that remains functional until exfoliation. This study aimed to measure and compare the effect of a novel coating material (EQUIA Forte Coat) on the microleakage of glass hybrid restoration (EQUIA Forte HT) in primary teeth. Material and method: Thirty cavitated (class-II) primary molars were allocated randomly into two groups based on the coat application; uncoated (control) and coated group (experimental). Cavities were prepared by the use of a ceramic bur (CeraBur) and restored with EQUIA Forte HT with or without applying a protective coat (EQUIA Forte Coat). Samples went through the therm

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Study the Effect of Annealing on Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnS Thin Film Prepared by CO2 Laser Deposition Technique
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In this work, ZnS thin films have been deposited by developed laser deposition technique on glass substrates at room temperature. After deposition process, the films were annealed at different temperatures (200ºC , 300 ºC and 400ºC ) using thermal furnace.The developed technique was used to obtain homogeneous thin films of ZnS depending on vaporization of this semiconductor material by continuous CO2 laser with a simple fan to ensure obtaining homogeneous films. ZnS thin films were annealed at temperature 200ºC, 300 ºC and 400ºC for (20) minute in vacuum environment. Optical properties of ZnS thin film such as absorbance, transmittance, reflectance, optical band gap, refractive index extinction coefficient and absorption coefficien

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2009
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study of the heat treatment effect on electrical and porosity of Cermet Coating layers (Zro2 – Y2O3) prepared by Thermal Spraying
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The technical of Flame Thermal Spray had been used in producing a cermet
composite based on powders of stabilized zirconium oxide containing amount of
Yatteria oxide (ZrO2- 8Y2O3) reiforced by minerals powders of bonding material
(Ni-Cr- Al- Y) in different rates of additions (25, 35, 50) on stainless steel base type
(304) after preparing it by the way of Grit Blasting.
Before heat treatment, the coated cermet layers were characterized for porosity
and electric resistivity. All samples were heat treated in vacuum furnace at different
temperature and times. The physical tests had been operated after heat treatment
and gave best results especially porosity, which found to be reduced dramatically
and producing hig

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