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Study of starch, sugar blending effect on the biodegradability of (PVA) for packaging applications
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PVA, Starch/PVA, and Starch/PVA/sugar samples of different
concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40 % wt/wt) were prepared by casting
method. DSC analysis was carried; the results showed only one glass
transition temperature (Tg) for the samples involved, which suggest
that starch/PVA and starch/PVA/sugar blends are miscible. The
miscibility is attributed to the hydrogen bonds between PVA and
starch. This is in a good agreement with (FTIR) results. Tg and Tm
decrease with starch and sugar content compared with that for
(PVA). Systematic decrease in ultimate strength, due to starch and
sugar ratio increase, is attributed to (PVA), which has more hydroxyl
groups that made its ultimate strength higher than that for
starch/PVA, and starch/PVA/sugar blends. It is observed from water
uptake tests that the solubility time decreases with starch ratio; it is
attributed to decrease in hydroxyl groups caused by PVA ratio
decrease. The inter- and inter-molecular bonds of the hydroxyl
groups enhanced the solubility process of the starch/PVA blends in
water. The water immersion causes hydrogen bonds (inter and
intermolecular bonds) to decompose, that increases the film
solubility. Water absorption and capacity of degradability are most
important in biodegradable materials. The results suggest the samples
that have undergone investigation, can be used for shopping, and
food packaging.
The study of soil burial for the sample at (3cm) depth, and at (13cm)
depth has exhibited weight loss increase with soil burial time. The
biodegradability rapidly increases at the first (6-7) weeks; it is found
that the weight loss at (3cm) depth is greater than that at (13cm) that
was attributed to the differences in the availability of oxygen ratio. It
is found that PVA undergoes lowest weight loss, the weight loss
changes with starch, and sugar content. In dry soil, the weight loss is
lower. The results proved that the biodegradation decreases with soil
burial time after seven weeks of burial. It is concluded that the
samples involved are biodegradable material that can be used for
packaging applications and biologically friendly synthetic polymer
blends to solve the solid waste accumulation problem.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Simulation of five methods for parameter estimation and functionExponential distribution reliability
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The estimation process is one of the pillars of the statistical inference process as well as the hypothesis test, and the assessment is based on the collection of information and conclusions about the teacher or the community's teachers on the basis of the result
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
In Situ Gelling Formulation of Naproxen for Oral Sustained Delivery System
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Naproxen is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which has antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect. It is extensively bound to plasma albumin, and exhibits gastric toxicity, so it may be more efficient to deliver the drug in its sustained release dosage form and adequate blood level is achieved. Three liquid formulations with in situ gelling properties have been assessed for their potential for the oral sustained delivery of naproxen . The formulations were dilute solutions of: (a) pectin; (b) gellan gum and; (c) sodium alginate, all containing complexed calcium ion that form gels when these ions are released in the acidic environment of the stomach . The viscosity of the sols and drug release were measured, and was found to be depende

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2007
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Optimum design of stiffened square plates for longitudinal and square ribs
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For a given loading, the stiffness of a plate or shell structure can be increased significantly by the addition of ribs or stiffeners. Hitherto, the optimization techniques are mainly on the sizing of the ribs. The more important issue of identifying the optimum location of the ribs has received little attention. In this investigation, finite element analysis has been achieved for the determination of the optimum locations of the ribs for a given set of design constraints. In the conclusion, the author underlines the optimum positions of the ribs or stiffeners which give the best results. 

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 29 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Application of WDR Technique with different Wavelet Codecs for Image Compression
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FG Mohammed, HM Al-Dabbas, Iraqi journal of science, 2018 - Cited by 6

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Determination of solar window for Baghdad city using pv system program
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Been using a pv system program to determine the solar window for Baghdad city . the solar window for any location can be determine by deviating left and right from the geographical south as well as deviation according to the amount of tilt angle with the horizon for fixed panel so that will not change the average of solar radiation incident over the whole year and this lead to help in the process of installation of fixed solar panel without any effect on annual output .the range of solar window for Baghdad city between two angles ( -8 - +8 ) degrees left to right of the geographical south and tilt angle that allowed for the horizon range between angles (21- 30) degrees so that the amount of solar radiation that falling on the solar pan

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Bulletin Of Electrical Engineering And Informatics
Proposed model for data protection in information systems of government institutions
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Information systems and data exchange between government institutions are growing rapidly around the world, and with it, the threats to information within government departments are growing. In recent years, research into the development and construction of secure information systems in government institutions seems to be very effective. Based on information system principles, this study proposes a model for providing and evaluating security for all of the departments of government institutions. The requirements of any information system begin with the organization's surroundings and objectives. Most prior techniques did not take into account the organizational component on which the information system runs, despite the relevance of

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Development of carbon nanotubes catalyst supported for alkaline fuel cell technology
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Abstract<p>Study of the development of an activated carbon nanotube catalyst for alkaline fuel cell technology. Through the prepared carbon nanotubes catalyst by an electrochemical deposition technique. Different analytical approaches such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the structural properties and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), were used to characterize, Mesh stainless steel catalyst substrate had an envelope structure and a large surface area. Voltages were also obtained at 1.83 V and current at 3.2 A of alkaline fuel cell. In addition, study the characterization of the electrochemical parameters.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Characterization of nickel oxide nanocatalyst electrodes for an alkaline fuel cell
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Abstract<p>In this paper had been studied the characterization of the nanocatalyst (NiO) Mesh electrodes. For fuel cell. The catalyst is prepared and also the electrodes The structural were studied through the analysis of X-ray diffraction of the prepared nanocatalyst for determining the yielding phase and atomic force microscope to identify the roughness of prepared catalyst surface, Use has been nanocatalyst led to optimization of cell voltage, current densities & power for a fuel cell.</p>
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Job Satisfaction for Educational Counselors: General Directorate of Education Rusafa II
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The current research aims to measure the job satisfaction of educational counselors in the general directorate of education of the second Rusafa in the ministry of education of Iraq. Moreover, it aims to identify the significant differences in job satisfaction according to the gender (Male-Female), the length of service (less than 15 years more than 15 years), and the relationship between these two variables. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher developed a scale to measure job satisfaction. This tool was applied to sample of (100) educational counselors selected randomly. The results showed that educational counselors have job satisfaction, in which males are more satisfied in their job than females. The results als

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 29 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Applied Mechanics And Engineering
Unified Methodology for Strength and Stress Analysis of Structural Concrete Members
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Abstract<p>In this paper, a methodology is presented for determining the stress and strain in structural concrete sections, also, for estimating the ultimate combination of axial forces and bending moments that produce failure. The structural concrete member may have a cross-section with an arbitrary configuration, the concrete region may consist of a set of subregions having different characteristics (i.e., different grades of concretes, or initially identical, but working with different stress-strain diagrams due to the effect of indirect reinforcement or the effect of confinement, etc.). This methodology is considering the tensile strain softening and tension stiffening of concrete in additio</p> ... Show More
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