Summary
This research is included in the study of one of the most important rules of jurisprudence, which is (necessity descends the status of necessity, controls and applications) branching from the major rule (hardship brings facilitation) and since the jurisprudential rule is defined as knowledge of a total or majority rule that applies to all its parts. He has to know all the branches that fall under him, which leads to understanding Sharia, controlling jurisprudential issues and linking them to its rules, so that no contradiction occurs, and he has the jurisprudential faculty that he promotes in consideration and diligence. And what is meant by need: is what is lacking in terms of expansion and raising the distress that often lea

Smart systems are the trend for modern organizations and should meet the quality of services that expect to produce. Internet of Everything (IoE) helped smart systems to adopt microcontrollers for improving the performance. Analyzing and controlling data in such a system are critical issues. In this study, a survey of IoE systems conducted to show how to apply a suitable model that meets such system requirements. The analysis of some microcontroller boards is explored based on known features. Factors for applying IoE devices have been defined such as connectivity, power consumption, compatibility, and cost. Different methods have been explained as an overview of applying IoE systems. Further, different approaches for applying IoE technology

This paper is concerned with introducing an explicit expression for orthogonal Boubaker polynomial functions with some important properties. Taking advantage of the interesting properties of Boubaker polynomials, the definition of Boubaker wavelets on interval [0,1) is achieved. These basic functions are orthonormal and have compact support. Wavelets have many advantages and applications in the theoretical and applied fields, and they are applied with the orthogonal polynomials to propose a new method for treating several problems in sciences, and engineering that is wavelet method, which is computationally more attractive in the various fields. A novel property of Boubaker wavelet function derivative in terms of Boubaker wavelet themsel

A load flow program is developed using MATLAB and based on the Newton–Raphson method,which shows very fast and efficient rate of convergence as well as computationally the proposed method is very efficient and it requires less computer memory through the use of sparsing method and other methods in programming to accelerate the run speed to be near the real time.
The designed program computes the voltage magnitudes and phase angles at each bus of the network under steady–state operating conditions. It also computes the power flow and power losses for all equipment, including transformers and transmission lines taking into consideration the effects of off–nominal, tap and phase shift transformers, generators, shunt capacitors, sh

The Ant System Algorithm (ASA) is a member of the ant colony algorithms family in swarm intelligence methods (part of the Artificial Intelligence field), which is based on the behavior of ants seeking a path and a source of food in their colonies. The aim of This algorithm is to search for an optimal solution for Combinational Optimization Problems (COP) for which is extremely difficult to find solution using the classical methods like linear and non-linear programming methods. 

The Ant System Algorithm was used in the management of water resources field in Iraq, specifically for Haditha dam which is one of the most important dams in Iraq. The target is to find out an efficient management system for

The general aim of an experimental design in this paper was to estimate the different treatments effects on the responses by statistical methods. The estimates must be averting biases and the random errors minimized as much as possible. We used multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to analyze design of experiments for several responses. In this paper, we provided three fertilizers (mineral, humic, micro-elements) applied on Yellow Maize experiment. This experiment was conducted by completely randomized design (CRD). We tested four responses (Chlorophyll in paper, total ton / ha, paper area / cm2 and plant height / cm) together to find significant test between them. The partial correlations are between Chlorophyll in paper and total ton

In this paper, a design of the broadband thin metamaterial absorber (MMA) is presented. Compared with the previously reported metamaterial absorbers, the proposed structure provides a wide bandwidth with a compatible overall size. The designed absorber consists of a combination of octagon disk and split octagon resonator to provide a wide bandwidth over the Ku and K bands' frequency range. Cheap FR-4 material is chosen to be a substate of the proposed absorber with 1.6 thicknesses and 6.5×6.5 overall unit cell size. CST Studio Suite was used for the simulation of the proposed absorber. The proposed absorber provides a wide absorption bandwidth of 14.4 GHz over a frequency range of 12.8-27.5 GHz with more than %90 absorp

Future generations of wireless networks are expected to heavily rely on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAV networks have extraordinary features like high mobility, frequent topology change, tolerance to link failure, and extending the coverage area by adding external UAVs. UAV network provides several advantages for civilian, commercial, search and rescue applications. A realistic mobility model must be used to assess the dependability and effectiveness of UAV protocols and algorithms.  In this research paper, the performance of the Gauss Markov (GM) and Random Waypoint (RWP) mobility models in multi-UAV networks for a search and rescue scenario is analyzed and evaluated. Additionally, the two mobility models GM and RWP are descr

An efficient networks’ energy consumption and Quality of Services (QoS) are considered the most important issues, to evaluate the route quality of the designed routing protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This study is presented an evaluation performance technique to evaluate two routing protocols: Secure for Mobile Sink Node location using Dynamic Routing Protocol (SMSNDRP) and routing protocol that used K-means algorithm to form Data Gathered Path (KM-DGP), on small and large network with Group of Mobile Sinks (GMSs). The propose technique is based on QoS and sensor nodes’ energy consumption parameters to assess route quality and networks’ energy usage. The evaluation technique is conducted on two routing protocols i