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Writing of a Bragg Grating on a D-shaped Optical Fiber Using the KrF Excimer Laser
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Fiber Bragg Grating has many advantages where it can be used as a temperature sensor, pressure sensor or even as a refractive index sensor. Designing each of this fiber Bragg grating sensors should include some requirements. Fiber Bragg grating refractive index sensor is a very important application. In order to increase the sensing ability of fiber Bragg gratings, many methods were followed. In our proposed work, the fiber Bragg grating was written in a D-shaped optical fiber by using a phase mask method with KrFexcimer. The resultant fiber Bragg grating has a high reflectivity 99.99% with a Bragg wavelength of 1551.2 nm as a best result obtained from a phase mask with a grating period of 1057 nm. In this work it was found that the rotation of the core of the D-shaped optical fiber that faces the phase mask is very important in determining the quality of written fiber Bragg grating.

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Carbon Nanoparticles Synthesis By Different Nd:Yag Laser Pulse Energy
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One of the most important techniques for preparing nanoparticle material is Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid technique (PLAL). Carbon nanoparticles were prepared using PLAL, and the carbon target was immersed in Ultrapure water (UPW) then irradiated with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) and six ns pulse duration. In this process, an Nd:YAG laser beam was focused near the carbon surface. Nanoparticles synthesized using laser irradiation were studied by observing the effects of varying incident laser pulse intensities (250, 500, 750, 1000) mJ on the particle size (20.52, 36.97, 48.72, and 61.53) nm, respectively. In addition, nanoparticles were characterized by means of the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) test, pH easurement

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Heliyon
Extraction, optical properties, and aging studies of natural pigments of various flower plants
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Nonlinear optical properties of liquid crystal doped with different concentrations of carbon nanotubes
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Publication Date
Tue Sep 23 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Using Teaching Aid on the Development of Straight Forehand and Backhand Shot Performance in Lawn Tennis
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The problem of the research lies in finding aiding means that improve and facilitate learning artistic skills during the main part of a teaching sessions due to their great importance in developing the accuracy of forehand and backhand skills in tennis. Players are usually faced with difficulties at the beginning of learning due to lack of coordination in ball striking thus including a teaching aid will have a positive effect on learning some forehand and backhand skills. The research aimed at designing exercises using teaching aid in tennis as well as identifying the effect of these exercises on the accuracy of performing forehand and backhand shots in tennis. The researcher used the experimental method on (38) tennis players from Al Zewra

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 12 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The Effect of Crystallization Time and Acid Type on the Synthesis of Nano-Gamma Alumina Using Double Hydrothermal Method
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Double hydrothermal method was used to prepare nano gamma alumina   using aluminum nitrate nano hydrate and sodium aluminate as an aluminum source, CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) as surfactant, and variable acids: weak acids like; citric, and acitic acids, and strong acids like; hydrochloric and nitric acids as a bridge between aluminum salts and surfactant. Different crystallization times  12, 24, 48, and 72 hrs were applied. All the batches were prepared at pH equals to 9. XRD diffraction technique was used to investigate the crystalline nano gamma alumina pure from surfactant. N2 adsorption-desorption (BET) was used to measure the surface area and pore volume of the prepared nano alumina, the average p

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Evaluation of the Influence of De-sanding (Recycling System) Process on the Pile Bearing Capacity Using Full Scale Models
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The present study investigates the effect of the de-sanding (recycling system) on the bearing capacity of the bored piles. Full-scale models were conducted on two groups of piles, the first group was implemented without using this system, and the second group was implemented using the recycling system. All piles were tested by static load test, considering the time factor for which the piles were implemented. The test results indicated a significant and clear difference in the bearing capacity of the piles when using this system. The use of the recycling system led to a significant increase in the bearing capacity of the piles by 50% or more. Thus it was possible to reduce the pile length by (15 % or more) thus, and implementation costs

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 20 2023
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Study the Effect of Manganese Ion Doping on the Size- Strain of SnO2 nanoparticles Using X-Ray Diffraction Data
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In this study, SnO2 nanoparticles were prepared from cost-low tin chloride (SnCl2.2H2O) and ethanol by adding ammonia solution by the sol-gel method, which is one of the lowest-cost and simplest techniques. The SnO2 nanoparticles were dried in a drying oven at a temperature of 70°C for 7 hours. After that, it burned in an oven at a temperature of 200°C for 24 hours. The structure, material, morphological, and optical properties of the synthesized SnO2 in nanoparticle sizes are studied utilizing X-ray diffraction. The Scherrer expression was used to compute nanoparticle sizes according to X-ray diffraction, and the results needed to be scrutinized more closely. The micro-strain indicates the broadening of diffraction peaks for nano

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Evaluation of the Influence of De-sanding (Recycling System) Process on the Pile Bearing Capacity Using Full Scale Models
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The present study investigates the effect of the de-sanding (recycling system) on the bearing capacity of the bored piles. Full-scale models were conducted on two groups of piles, the first group was implemented without using this system, and the second group was implemented using the recycling system. All piles were tested by static load test, considering the time factor for which the piles were implemented. The test results indicated a significant and clear difference in the bearing capacity of the piles when using this system. The use of the recycling system led to a significant increase in the bearing capacity of the piles by 50% or more. Thus it was possible to reduce the pile length by (15 % or more) thus, and implementation c

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
EFFECT OF LAND DEGRADATION DEGREE ON THE LAND COVER TYPE USING GIS TECHNOLOGY IN THE WEST OF BAGHDAD/IRAQ
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In this study is the phenomenon of desertification risk assessment in the Abu Ghraib area west of Baghdad/Iraq, which has an area of about (384.168 km 2), that the annual mean temperature is more than (22 C). Rainfall was low, ranging from the (200 mm) per year for Iraq and (2.82) mm per year of the study area* temperature is high and evaporation is also high (mm 7.73) per year*, so the climate in general of the dry type and the system of soil moisture is the kind of Aridic (Torric). To this study was to identify three indicators to monitor for the period from 2001-2005 using GIS and these indicators are (soil, groundwater and the nature of land use), using ArcGIS 9.1. The results showed that the risk of desertification was part of the leve

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Publication Date
Wed May 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test to Assess the Effect of Water-Cement Ratio on the Compressive Strength of Concrete
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This study aims to find the effect of water-cement ratio on the compressive strength of concrete by using ultrasonic pulse velocity test (UPVT). Over 230 standard cube specimens were used in this study, with dimensions of 150mm, and concrete cubes were cured in water at 20 °C. Also, the specimens used in the study were made of concrete with varied water-cement ratio contents from 0.48 to 0.59. The specimens were taken from Diyarbakir-Turkey concrete centers and tested at the structure and material science lab, civil engineering, faculty of engineering from Dicle University.  The UPV measurement and compressive strength tests were carried out at the concrete age of 28 days. Their UPV and compressive strength ranged

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