CO2 laser (10.6 μm) is the most often used laser in the oral surgery due to its high absorption by water of the oral tissues. Several benefits of the use of CO2 laser have been reported for oral surgical procedures. This study aims to evaluate the effect of CO2 laser on soft and hard oral tissues (in vitro study). This study was done on fresh tissues from sheep’s head. CO2Surgical Laser with different operation modes was used; 0.2 mm spot size using different laser parameters on the tongue, and bone making holes, incisions and cutting. The depths and widths of holes and incisions were measured using endodontic file under magnification. The speed of incisions was calculated and the required time for cutting was measured using sport clock. The depths of holes and incisions were increasing with increasing the power density and pulse duration from 90 μs to 1.7 ms in 100 μs increments and so in CW mode (for holes 2.5 mm at 15W, for incisions 6mm at 20W). Also the diameter of holes was increasing with power (1.2 mm at 15W) .The required time for cutting was decreasing as the power increased (14.14 sec. at 25W). The use of CO2 laser can be considered practical, effective and easy to carry out holes, incisions, and cuttings.
The new bidentate Schiff base ligand namely [(E)-N1-(4-methoxy benzylidene) benzene-1, 2-diamine] was prepared from condensation of 4-Methoxy benzaldehyde with O-Phenylene diamine at 1:1 molar ratio in ethanol as a solvent in presence of drops of 48% HBr. The structure of ligand (L) was characterized by, FT-IR, U.V-Vis., 1H-, 13C- NMR spectrophotometer, melting point and elemental microanalysis C.H.N. Metal complexes of the ligand (L) in general molecular formula [M(L)3], where M= Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II),Cu(II) and Hg(II); L=(C14H14N2O) in ratio (1:3)(Metal:Ligand) were synthesized and characterized by Atomic absorption, FT- IR, U.V-Vis. spectra, molar conductivity, chloride content, melting point and magnetic susceptibility from the above d
... Show MoreObjective: Benzoxazole derivatives have antifungal, anticancer, antibacterial, and anticonvulsant function. Encouraged by this comment, we agreed to synthesize new Benzoxazole compounds connected to the bases of Schiff's. Methods: 2,4-diaminophenol (1) was prepared by the reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenol and sodium dithionate. Compound (1) reacted with either acetic acid to afford compound (2) or with formic acid to afford compound (3). The Schiff bases were preparation from the reaction condensing reaction of compound (2) or (3) and aromatic aldehydes or ketone; [p-nitrobenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-chlorobenzaldehyde, p-bromoacetophenone and terephthaldehyde]. Results: FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy characterized all of the pr
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The research aims to shed light on the financing structure, which is one of the important pillars of financial management in the commercial banking sector, which enhances its financial position through financing its various investments, which is one of the pillars of the successful economy of the commercial banking sector. in which country. The contents of the research variables, which were represented by the independent variable, financing structure, the dependent variable, and investment decisions in commercial banks, which the researcher tried to address, as the research began with a basic variable that depends on diagnosing the impact of the financin
... Show MorePurpose: the purpose of this study is to investigate how managers working for the General Authority for Irrigation and Reclamation Projects react to the impact of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on their performance. Theoretical framework: The current study includes an intellectual framework on two variables, namely EI and Manager Performance (MP), because it is essential to investigate the relationship between these two variables and the impact of EI on MP. Design/methodology/approach: The research problem is that a manager's capacity to make wise decisions about their work or interactions with subordinates is diminished when they have inadequate EI. The questionnaire is used as a tool for gathering data for the study, and the st
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The global health crisis resulting from the spread of the Corona virus, which the World Health Organization described on January 30, 2020 as a public health emergency of international concern, then returned to describe it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020, and the measures and procedures taken by government authorities in different countries of the world, whether at the highest level of imposing a comprehensive curfew or what is called globally home quarantine and thus disrupting all sectors and activities in the state, whether public or private (with the exception of some sectors such as the health, media and security sectors), or at a lower level than that, such as reducing work rates in different sectors by rates that vary from one country
... Show MoreThe research dealt with the risks of reinsurance and its impact on the financial performance of the National Insurance Company by focusing on reinsurance in the marine insurance branch. Negative impact on the financial performance of the NICs and the Marine Insurance Branch. The research sample resulted in a main hypothesis that reflects this relationship. Lee in the analysis of financial information reports National Insurance Company of the branch of marine insurance for the period of 2010 until 2017, and the use of (retention) for measuring the re-insurance operations index, and (insurance financial surplus rate) to measure financial performance. For the purpose of obtaining the results, a number of statistical methods were used accord
... Show MoreThere are many applied Economic studies that have found positive nexus between financial development and poverty reduction in developing countries. Iraq has witnessed an increasing rate of poverty during the period 1980-2010 due to many internal and external factors such as wars, economic sanctions, inflation, a high rate of unemployment, and political and security instability. Therefore, the investigation about the solutions to reduce poverty becomes very necessary, and enhancing the financial development in Iraq is one of these options. This is due to that the financial development could reduce the poverty rates through two channels: the first is direct via the offering of the loans and other financial facilities to the poor, a
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The exchange rate is the backbone of any economy in the world, whether developed or developing, where most countries adopted many policies, in order to ensure the stability of the exchange rate of the currency, because of its importance as a link between the local economy and the others ,And it contribute in the achievement of internal and external balance and despite the many different factors that affect it, but there is wide consensus on the effectiveness of the role of spending and the currency window in the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar, especially in the Iraqi economy, effectiveness As the increase in government spending lead to an increase in the supply of money and increase domestic demand and high pr
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The Assurance Services Are Represented By Expressing A Clear And Independent Opinion On All Financial And Non-Financial Information, As It Is Broader Than The Services Related To Auditing Financial Statements And Expressing Opinion (Certification) And Extends Them To A Wider Range, And It Is Possible To Distinguish Between Auditing And Certification Services And Confirming That Audit Services Relate To Expressing Opinion On Financial Statements And Certification Services Related To By Expressing An Opinion On A Wide Range Of Financial Information And More Broadly Than The Financial Statements And Assurance Services That Include Expressing An Opinion On Integrated Financial And Non-Financial Information And From This Standpoint Came The I
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