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Evaluation of Lithium Disilicate Surface Morphology Treated with Er,Cr:YSGG and Fractional CO2 Laser
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Abstract: The use of indirect, all-ceramic restorations has grown in popularity among dentists. Studies have demonstrated that for indirect ceramic restorations to be effective over time, cement and ceramic must be bonded in a stable manner. Chemical, mechanical, and laser irradiation are among the methods used to precondition ceramic surfaces in order to increase bond strength.The objective of the study: This study was performed to investigate the roughness values and surface topography of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic treated with conventional methods and different Er,Cr:YSGG, and fractional CO2 laser conditioning parameters.Material and methods: Sixty samples of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic were divided as follows: 1- (n = 10) untreated; 2- (n = 10) Hydrofluoric acid etched; 3- (n = 10) conditioned by Er,Cr: YSGG laser at (7 W, 25 Hz, 50/50% Water/Air, pulse duration 60 us, irradiation time 2 min); 4- (n = 10) conditioned by Er,Cr:YSGG  laser at (5 W, 25 Hz, 50/50% Water/Air, pulse duration 60 us, irradiation time 2 min); 5- (n = 10) conditioned by fractional CO2 laser at (power 8 W, pulse duration 10 ms); 6- (n = 10) conditioned by fractional CO2 laser at (power 6 W, pulse duration 10 ms). Then evaluated by: Profilometer, and scanning electron microscopy.Results: The highest roughness values were found in CO2 laser power 8 W treated samples, followed by Er,Cr:YSGG laser power 7W treated samples. The hydrofluoric acid-etched samples showed roughness values comparable to those of CO2 laser-irradiated samples with a power of 6 W. The untreated sample showed the smoothest surface with the lowest roughness value.Conclusion: The application of Er,Cr:YSGG, fractional CO2 lasers enhances the surface roughness of lithium disilicate samples positively, showing the promised results of using these parameters in bonding procedures.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Evaluating the Suitability of Groundwater for Irrigation uses at Al-Salhubia Area, Al-Muthana Governorate, Southern Iraq
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Al-Salhubia, area is located within the arid region in southern Iraq. Although no surface water is available in this area, the groundwater is considered the basis in the area, it is available in both good quality and quantity. For that reason, it is of prime importance to examine water type in the unconfined aquifer to determine suitability of groundwater for irrigation purposes. The groundwater type in the studied area is Ca-Mg dominant SO4 facies according to Piper and Stiff diagrams. Based on SAR, Na%, RSC, EC, and PI, the groundwater quality in the study area is suitable for irrigation in general.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Seeing Allah Almighty Detective according to incoming nodules In the interpretation of Ibn Arabi Maliki 9345 H
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Seeing Allah Almighty
Detective according to incoming nodules
In the interpretation of Ibn Arabi Maliki
9345 H

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 08 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Convergence Analysis for the Homotopy Perturbation Method for a Linear System of Mixed Volterra-Fredholm Integral Equations
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           In this paper, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is presented for treating a linear system of second-kind mixed Volterra-Fredholm integral equations. The method is based on constructing the series whose summation is the solution of the considered system. Convergence of constructed series is discussed and its proof is given; also, the error estimation is obtained. Algorithm is suggested and applied on several examples and the results are computed by using MATLAB (R2015a). To show the accuracy of the results and the effectiveness of the method, the approximate solutions of some examples are compared with the exact solution by computing the absolute errors.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Compared to Estimate the volume of runoff Basins valley Dwiridj my way (SCS-CN), (GIUH) using (GIS)
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The valley Dwiridj of drainage basins task that lies east of Iraq and thus we have in this study the application of tow models athletes on the three basins of the valley to get Mor e values accurate to Estimate the volume of runoff and peak discharge and time climax and through the use of Technology remote sensing (GIS),has been show through the application of both models, that the maximum value for the amount of Dwiridj valley of (1052/m3/s) According to Equation (SCS-CN) and about (1370.2/m3/s)by approach (GIUH) that difference is the amount of discharge to the Equation (SCS-CN) ar not accurate as(GIUH) approaches Equation ecalling the results of the Field ces Department of damand reservoirs that the volume of runoff to the valley wase

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Fitting Scoring Rubrics for Electronic Portfolio to Partial Credit Model According to the Number of Assumed Dimensions
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Abstract

 

The current research aims to reveal the extent to which all scoring rubrics data for the electronic work file conform to the partial estimation model according to the number of assumed dimensions. The study sample consisted of (356) female students. The study concluded that the list with the one-dimensional assumption is more appropriate than the multi-dimensional assumption, The current research recommends preparing unified correction rules for the different methods of performance evaluation in the basic courses. It also suggests the importance of conducting studies aimed at examining the appropriateness of different evaluation methods for models of response theory to the

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Impact of Glycated Haemoglobin on salivary glucose among type 1 diabetic mellitus patients aged 18-22 years
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Background: Diabetes mellitus consists of a group of diseases characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is a form of haemoglobin used to identify the average concentration of plasma glucose over prolonged periods of time. It is formed in a non-enzymatic pathway by normal exposure of hemoglobin to high levels of plasma glucose, The main alterations observed in the saliva of Type 1 diabetic patients are hyposalivation and alteration in its composition, particularly those related to the levels of glucose. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of Glycated haemoglobin level on the level of salivary glucose which may have an effect on oral health condition. Materials and methods

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 30 2001
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Determination of Corrosion Parameters for a Cathodic Reaction Complicated by IR Drop Effect in a Flow System
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Inspection In Achieving Banking Compliance: An Applied Study In A Sample o Iraq Banks
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The Banking Supervision of the most important functions of the Central Bank of Iraq, which he intended to have a strong banking system and a sound and competitive, and exercised control over the banks by inspection bodies to ensure their compliance with the laws, regulations and orders and instructions and the safety of their financial positions.

The research was aimed to release the concept of banking inspection, compliance and problems and obstacles faced by the inspectors, and monitors compliance and down to make recommendations.

Has been reached on a set of theoretical and practical conclusions, including: -

1-confirmed the statistical analysis of the answers to the research sample the importance of the role o

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The impact of the Turkish intervention in northern Syria on the Syrian Turkish relations during (2011-2019)
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This study aimed to provide a theoretical framework for the impact of the Turkish intervention in northern Syria and the extent of its impact on the relations between the two countries.

It also sought to answer the study's main question: What is the impact of the Turkish intervention in northern Syria on Turkish-Syrian relations during the period 2011-2019 ?.   

In this study, the historical method, the descriptive method, and the systems analysis method were used, with the aim of arriving at an accurate and realistic understanding of the Turkish-Syrian relations.

The study reached a set of results, the most important of which was that the Syrian-Turkish relations are based on interests, and that all alliances and

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Benford’s law to appreciation the risk in financial transactions: Application study in Baghdad University
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The financial fraud considers part of large concept to management and financial corruption, the financial fraud is appeared especially after corporate, that is Emerge agency theory, that is because recognize relationship between the management company and stakeholder, that is through group from constriction in order to block the management to fraud practice, that on the basis was choose another party in order fraud this practice and give opinion on financial statement, that consider basis decision making from stakeholder to basis the report auditor about creditability this is statement that reflect real activity for the company.The Auditor in order to lead work him Full professionalism to must using group from control Techniques, that is

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