Diode lasers are becoming popular in periodontal surgery due to their highly absorption by pigments such as melanin and hemoglobin their weak absorption by water and hydroxyapatite makes them safe to be used around dental hard tissues. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of diode laser in performing gingivectomy in comparison to conventional scalpel technique in patients with chronic inflammatory enlargement. Materials and methods: Thirty patients were selected for this study. All of them required surgical treatment of gingival enlargements and were randomly divided into two groups: Control group (treated by scalpel and include sixteen patients) and study group (treated with diode laser 940nm and include fourteen patients). Data collected during and after surgery were compared and statically analyzed. Results: Fifteen male and fifteen female were included in this study with age mean of 26.2. Significant differences were observed in the Gingival Index and bleeding scores in laser group compared to the scalpel group, while no significant differences were found in swelling score and plaque index, The level of significance was set at P≤ 0.05.Conclusion: Diode laser 940nm are beneficial in achieving hemostasis with the improvement of gingival health compared to the scalpel technique.
In the present research a new test rig has been proposed to be suitable for different cyclic loads such as cyclic bending, cyclic torsion, proportional and non proportional loads. In this work the efforts were concentrated on the cyclic bending loads concerning cracked pipes with or without internal pulsing pressure to study crack propagation in small bore pipes (up to 1'') for transverse or inclined cracks. The rig simulates the real service conditions under different stresses by means the least dangerous case will be suggested, so the experiments were considered for copper pipe, and the results have been tabulated and drawn to demonstrate the crack growth behavior as well as to justify the outcomes practically, consequently the durabil
... Show MoreThe effect of chronic exposure to two different levels of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) 30 ppb and 40 ppb in drinking water for 12 weeks on thyroid function of mature male rabbits was studied. Eighteen mature male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (each of six ) , control group (group I ): were offered ordinary tap water , and treated groups (II and III ) were offered tap water containing 30ppb and 40 ppb respectively for 12 weeks .Serum concentration of thyroxin (T4 ) and triiodothyronine (T3) were measured every six weeks ,as an index of thyroid function , further more , section of thyroid gland were prepared for histological studies. The results showed that chronic exposure of male rabbits
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BACKGROUND: The degree of the development of coronary collaterals is long considered an alternate–that is, a collateral–source of blood supply to an area of the myocardium threatened with vascular ischemia or insufficiency. Hence, the coronary collaterals are beneficial but can also promote harmful (adverse) effects. For instance, the coronary steal effect during the myocardial hyperemia phase and that of restenosis following coronary angioplasty.
The study aimed to analyze the relationship between the internal public debt and the public budget deficit in Iraq during the period 2010–2020 using descriptive and analytical approaches to the data of the financial phenomenon. Furthermore, to track the development of public debt and the percentage of its contribution to the public budget of Iraq during the study period. The study showed that the origin of the debt with its benefits consumes a large proportion of oil revenues through what is deducted from these revenues to pay the principal debt with interest, which hinders the development process in the country. It has been shownthat although there was a surplus in some years of study, it was not
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... Show MoreThe present paper deals with medical terms translation and its relationship with the medical text of Arabic and Spanish. Medical translation is the process of transferring texts related to the field of health and medicine to achieve an accurate effective translation from the source language text to the equivalent target language text. The most prominent medical translations are from English to Arabic as most of the syllabuses in Arab countries are taught in English.
Translation is an innovative work intended to render the original text in the source language into the target language with the highest level of linguistic and intellec
Abstract
The main problem of the study lies in the lack of a clear perception among the study sample about the impact of digital marketing tools on legal liquidity. Legal) of the International Development Bank for Investment and Finance and to achieve the objectives of the research, the method of observation and survey was used in measuring the dimensions of digital marketing. As for banking liquidity, the reports and financial statements of the bank were used as the research sample, as well as the use of the statistical analysis program SPSS in the statement of the relationship The study concluded, in summary, the following: Mar
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This study was achieved to investigate the accumulation of some heavy metals included: Cadmium, Lead and Nickel in the tissues (gill, intestine, liver, muscles and skin) of Silurus triostegus Heckel, 1843 (Siluriformes, Siluridae) and its larval stage of the nematode Contracaecum sp. (Rhabditida, Anisakidae). As well as to assess the infection patterns of Contracaecum among S. triostegus specimens which were purchased fresh from the local market in Baghdad. One hundred and nine nematodes specimens in larval stage were recovered from the fish host; the overall prevalence of Contracaecum sp. was 38.6%. The sex of the host was not significantly (P ˃ 0.05) associated with the infection of this nematode.
Results showed that the overall me
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Removable dental prostheses remain a reliable treatment for edentulous patients. Conventional fabrication requires multiple steps, whereas computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM), particularly 3D printing, offers faster and more cost-effective alternatives. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of sandblasting on surface roughness and shear bond strength of silicone soft liner bonded to 3D-printed and heat-cured acrylic denture base materials. Eighty specimens were divided into four groups: heat-cured control, 3D-printed control, heat-cured sandblasted, and 3D-printed sandblasted. Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer, while shear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine. D
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It is often needed in demographic research to modern statistical tools are flexible and convenient to keep up with the type of data available in Iraq in terms of the passage of the country far from periods of war and economic sanctions and instability of the security for a period of time . So, This research aims to propose the use of style nonparametric splines as a substitute for some of the compounds of analysis within the model Lee-Carter your appreciation rate for fertility detailed variable response in Iraq than the period (1977 - 2011) , and then predict for the period (2012-2031). This goal was achieved using a style nonparametric decomposition of singular value vehicles using the main deltoid , and then estimate the effect of time-s
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