Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of 940 nm diode laser in comparison to Endoactivator in elimination of smear layer in terms of radicular dentin permeability and ultra-structural changes of root canal walls by SEM evaluation. Twenty-eight single-rooted extracted lower premolars were instrumented up to size X4 (protaper Next, Dentsaply) and divided into two experimental groups according to the irrigation system, G1; activated by EndoActivator and G2; activated by Diode laser 940 nm, CW mode, 1.7 W. Afterward, the roots were made externally impermeable, filled with 2%methylene blue dye, divided horizontally into three segments representing the apical, middle, and coronal thirds then examined under stereo- microscope. Using analytical software, the root section area and dye penetration area were measured, and then, the percentage of net dye penetration area was calculated. Additionally, scanning electron microscope investigations were accomplished. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was done and showed significant difference between the two experimental groups over the three root thirds and the dye penetration in diode laser group was significantly higher over the whole root length compared to the Endoactivator group. Scanning electron micrographs of diode laser group showed a distinctive removal of smear layer with preservation of the annular structure of dentinal tubules, while EndoActivator group produced uneven removal of smear layer, in efficient cleanliness especially in the apical third.
The research focuses,in the first place, on six fields.The most important one is
curriculum field which includes the revision of the current academic curriculums and
substitute them with recent ones, beside the rehabilitation of academic labs and factories by
providing them with modern scientific technologies employed in the world. Regarding the
economical field, it seeks to provide high-level training staffs to serve different social and
economical sectors through modern effective technological and scientific
curriculums.Whereas the social field assures the concern of different social classes who
deprived from the grace of higher education such as retirees and elderly people and to set-up
some educational and ent
Many of the elementary transformations of determinants which are used in their evaluation and in the solution of linear equations may by expressed in the notation of matrices. In this paper, some new interesting formulas of special matrices are introduced and proved that the determinants of these special matrices have the values zero. All formulation has been coded in MATLAB 7.
This Book is intended to be a textbook studied for undergraduate course in financial statistics/ department of Financial Sciences and Banking. This book is designed to be used in semester system. To achieve the goals of the book, it is divided into the following chapters. Chapter one introduces basic concepts. Chapter two devotes to frequency distribution and data representation. Chapter three discusses central tendency measures (all types of means, mode, and median). Chapter four deals with dispersion Measures (standard deviation, variance, and coefficient of variation). Chapter five concerned with correlation and regression analysis. While chapter six concerned with testing Hypotheses (One population mean test, Two "independent" populati
... Show MoreVolumetric chemical adsorption was done in a volumetric apparatus using hydrogen gas at room temperature on eleven platinum catalyst, commercial catalysts (RG-412,RG-402 ,RG-432, RG-451, RG-482, and PS-10) and prepared platinum catalysts with 0.1, 0.2 , 0.45 , and 0.55% by weight of Pt supported with Y-alumina. The results show that the metal crystallite area increases with increasing platinum content. The dispersion and particle size of metal crystallite located between 48.2-96.1% and 3.85-12.72 nm, respectively. For bimetallic catalysts, the hydrogen intake decrease in the following order : Re < Sn < Ir.
Finite element method is the most widely numerical technique used in engineering field. Through the study of behavior of concrete material properties, various concrete constitutive laws and failure criteria have been developed to model the behavior of concrete. A feature of the Finite Element program (ATENA) is used in this study to model the behavior of UHPC corbel under concentrated load only. The Finite Element (FE) model is followed by verification against experimental results. Some variable effects on the shear capacity of the UHPC corbels are also demonstrated in a parametric study. A proposed design equation of shear strength of UHPC corbel was presented and checked with numerical results.
Seventy five isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified, they were isolated from different local sources which included decayed fruits and vegetables, vinegar, fermented pasta, baker yeast and an alcohol factory. Identification of isolates was carried out by cultural microscopical and biochemical tests. Ethanol sensitivity of the isolates showed that the minimal inhibitory concentration of the isolate (Sy18) was 16% and Lethal concentration was 17%. The isolate (Sy18) was most efficient as ethanol producer 9.36% (v/w). The ideal conditions to produce ethanol from Date syrup by yeast isolate, were evaluated, various temperatures, pH, Brix, incubation period and different levels of (NH4)2HP04. Maximum ethanol produced was 10
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Thirty clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori bacteria obtained from patients attending endoscopy unit of Ibn-Sena teaching hospital in Mosul . These patients were complaining from epigastric pain , dyspepsia , acidity , vomiting , abdominal pain , flatulance , heart burn and melena . The H. pylori isolates were used for Haemagglutination assay (HA) , which involves the recognition of various glycoconjugates on the surface of red blood cells . In this study sheep red blood cells has been used in (HA) assay because the sheep erythrocytes surface resemble that of human epithelial cells . The results proved by (HA) assay, the ability of H. pylori to adherence to specific receptors on the surface of Human Epithelial Cell , which is the
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Doses for most drugs are determined from population-level information, resulting in a standard ?one-size-fits-all’ dose range for all individuals. This review explores how doses can be personalised through the use of the individuals’ pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) profile, its particular application in children, and therapy areas where such approaches have made inroads.
The Bayesian forecasting approach, based on population PK/PD models that account for variability in exposure and response, is a potent method for personalising drug therapy. Its potential utility is eve
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