This work focused on principle of higher order mode excitation using in- line Double Clad Multi-Mode Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (DC-MM-MZI). The DC-MM-MZI was designed with 50 cm etched MMF. The etching length is 5cm. The tenability of this interferometer was studied using opt grating ver.4.2.2 and optiwave
ver. 7 simulator. After removing (25, 35, 45, 55) μm from MMF and immersing this segment of MMF with water bath contained distilled water and ethanol, in addition to, air. Pulsed laser source centered at 1546.7nm ,pulse width 10ns and peak power 1.33mW was propagated via this interferometer Maximum modes were obtained in case of air surrounded media which are 9800 and 25 um removed cladding layer, with peak power 49.800 mW, FWHM 192 pm, and the transmitted laser was blue shifted with central wavelength λc 1547.193 nm.
In this research we present An idea of setting up same split plots experiments in many locations and many periods by Latin Square Design. This cases represents a modest contribution in area of design and analysis of experiments. we had written (theoretically) the general plans, the mathematical models for these experiments, and finding the derivations of EMS for each component (source) of sources of variation of the analysis of variance tables which uses for the statistical analysis for these expirements
The experiment was aimed to evaluate a locally manufactured a dual-action device used for measuring feed pellets durability. The device performs dropping process in conventional devices, then sifting process to separate the pellets from the crumbles simultaneously, with a control the motor speed by using the pulse width modulation (PWM) Technique. The device performance was compared with the durability measuring device of a moving drop box. Rotational speed, diameter of the die holes of the machine was used in this study. The results showed that increasing the rotational speed of the die from 280 to 300 and to 320 rpm, increasing the die holes diameter from 3 to 4 and to 5 mm, led to
In this work, an enhanced Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensor using a sided polished structure for the detection of toxic ions Arsenic in water was designed and implemented. The SPR curve can be obtained by polishing the side of the PCF after coating the Au film on the side of the polished area, the SPR curve can be obtained. The proposed sensor has a clear SPR effect, according to the findings of the experiments. The estimated signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), sensitivity (S), resolution (R), and Figures of merit (FOM) are approaching; the SNR is 0.0125, S is 11.11 μm/RIU, the resolution is 1.8x〖10〗^(-4), and the FOM is 13.88 for Single-mode Fiber- Photonic Crystal Fiber- single mode Fiber (SMF-P
... Show MoreThis research concern to analyse and simulate the temperature distribution in the spot welding joints using tungsten arc welding shielded with inert gas (TIG Spot) for the aluminum-magnesium alloy type (5052-O).
The effect of and the quantity of the heat input that enter the weld zone has been investigated welding current, welding time and arc length on temperature distribution. The finite element method (by utilizing programme ANSYS 5.4) is presented the temperature distribution in a circular weld pool and the weld pool penetration (depth of welding) through the top sheet ,across the interface into the lower sheet forming a weld spot. &nbs
... Show MoreThe problems of cultural displacement and a shaky sense of one's own identity
have been the main concern of the twentieth century Caribbean writer, Jean Rhys. As
a white Creole writer living in England, Rhys attempts to capture the ambivalence of
what it means to be caught between two cultures and never able to identify fully with
any one .Born to a Welsh father and a Creole(white West Indian) mother on the island
of Dominica in the West Indies, Jean Rhys was white but not English, West Indian but
not black. Her sense of belonging to the West Indies was necessarily charged with
awareness of being part of another culture. Thus, the ambiguity of being an
insider/outsider in both the metropolis, England, and the colo
the banks are one of the public services that must be available in the city to ensure easy financial dealings between citizens and state departments and between the state departments with each other and between the citizens themselves and to ensure easy access to it, so it is very important to choose the best location for the bank, which can serve the largest number of The population achieves easy access. Due to the difficulty of obtaining accurate information dealing with the exact coordinates and according to the country's specific projection, the researcher will resort to the default work using some of the files available in the arcview program
The aim of this research is to apply the concept of total value management to improve the process design of producing the toothpaste in Al Mammon factory one of the in the general company of food industry. The concept of total value management is concerning with achieve more than one values which are important for the customers as these values are related to the customers satisfaction. The research problem is that the factory did not measure the effectiveness of process design as this company has weakness in analyzing this effectiveness in synchronies with total value management. On the other side, the company did not give more attention to the cost of products and selling prices within the value cost/ profit which is one of the
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