Aims: This study was done to investigate the effect of low energy laser therapy on bone healing at the extraction site. Materials and methods:(24) male albino rats were exposed to the extraction procedure of the maxillary first molar on the first day of a seven day experiment and these animals were divided into two main groups; the control group and the laser group. The laser experiment involved using (Ga-As infrared diode laser) from optodent by directing the probe over the extraction site. The control group consisted of 4 rats, and the laser group was subdivided into 5 subgroups of 4 rats each. The laser dose was as follows: B1: a single dose of 5 minutes immediately after extraction., B2: a single dose of 35 minutes immediately after extraction., B3: 7 doses for 7 days as 5 minutes /day from day 1-7., B4: 3 doses for 3 days as 10 minutes /day at days 1, 2, 3., B5: 3 doses for 3 days as 10 minutes/day at days 4, 5, 6., The specimens were prepared for histological study, then examined under light microscopy, Results: They revealed a difference in the rate of bone healing between the control and laser groups and multiple doses of low energy laser were effective in enhancing bone formation than the single dose, showing that retardation in the healing may be due to the anti-inflammatory effect of the laser or due to upset of inflammation by mast cells. The healing of the bone in (B5) group was much prominent than in other groups. Conclusions: low energy laser may be beneficial in the enhancement of healing which will minimize the infection, and reduce patient suffering and the incidence of post-extraction complications.
Cost is the essence of any production process for it is one of the requirements for the continuity of activities so as to increase the profitability of the economic unit and to support the competitive situation in the market. Therefore, there should be an overall control to reduce the cost without compromising the product quality; to achieve this, the management should have detailed credible and reliable information about the cost to be measured, collected, understood and to analyze the causes for the spread of deviations and obstacles the management faces, and to search for the factors that trigger the emergence of these deviations and obstacles
It was recorded that Terpinen-4-ol has an anti-parasitic properties, so it will be noteworthy to intensify the studies about this compound.
This study aims to test the effectiveness of terpinen-4-ol on amastigote forms of Leishmania parasite in macrophages.
This effect was studied by adding increasing concentrations of Terpinen-4-ol to culture wells containing mouse macrophages that were previously incubated with the promastigote forms of the parasites for 24 hours .Then, they were incubated for another 24 hours with increasing concentrations of Terpinen-4-ol. After, Parasites were enumerated into macrophages in wells either treated with Terpinen-4-ol or in control wells.
Treatment with Ter
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This work aims to show the nature of the relationship between management by walking around (the independent variable) and strategic renewal (the dependent variable), as well as it shows the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. Questionnaire items were considered the main tool for data collection by three basic aspects. The first involved the personal data of the respondents, while the second included items related to management by walking in five dimensions, and the third is strategic renewal items by addressing four dimensions. The tourism sector, while the community has six Excellent grade hotels was taken into account in this wor
... Show MoreThe study is done in the period between (February 20 and October 20) by using ten adult quail Coturnix coturnix (Linnaeus, 1758). The sections are preparing by paraffin method then stain in Harris haematoxylin-eosin. The histological aspects of spinal cord in quail (Coturnix coturnix) the white matter is in the outer part, while the gray matter is arranged in from of X represents its internal part, the dorsal region is called the dorsal horns while the ventral region is called the ventral horns and the central canal cavity, the spinal cord areas appeared as follows: The medial column, column of von Lenhossek, lateral column, dorsal magnocellular column and marginal paragriseal, columns are also called Hoffmann’s nuclei.
This research explored the physical form of the Iraqi sandgrouse, as well as the internal structure of its trachea histologically. To achieve this, five (5) male adult sandgrouse from Al-Ghazel market, Baghdad, were used. Appropriate approval was obtained to perform this research on animals. The birds were anesthetized with chloroform and euthanized before being dissected. The trachea was taken from each bird, and cleaned with 0.9% NaCl, for use in the morphology of the cartilaginous rings and in histology studies. The present findings indicate that the trachea is a flexible tube made of cartilage and measures approximately 4.5 ± 0.167 in length extending from the end of the cricoid cartilage to the thoracic cavity, where it separa
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In the past years, the Algerian Economy has witnessed various monetary developments characterized by different monetary and banking reforms aimed by monetary authorities to achieve monetary stability and driving overall growth. It should be noted that there is evidence to initiate fundamental changes on the basis of which new monetary, financing and banking policy mechanisms must be formulated in Algeria by enhancing the pursuit of reforming the monetary system, in order to improve monetary and economic indicators.
The study a
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The current research seek to known the strategic planning for the taxes and its important , and its effect upon the investment , and this research was be in the general board of taxes, and the economical directorate of the ministry of finance , therefore this research started from the problem below:
- What level of the important and type of the research changeable of the research ( the strategic planning for the taxes and investment) in the research organization ?
- Is there any relation of the join and effect of the changeable of the research (the strategic planning for the taxes and investment)in the research organization ?
Therefore this research depended a hypotheti
... Show MoreThe research aims to verify that there is an influence between innovative marketing and the organization's reputation by brand mediation.
The research problem is that the Oil Marketing Company (SOMO) needs innovative, unconventional methods in marketing its products and improving its reputation by adopting a solid brand that adds value to the product.
The importance of the research: The importance of the research is highlighted as it deals with essential variables in business organizations that help increase customer loyalty by adopting a distinctive brand.
The research started from four main hypotheses to explore correlations and influence between researc
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Academic achievement is a professional standard for measuring student levels in the first stages. Therefore, any indication of the level of achievement makes us in an attempt to employ students in evening schools. The researcher has developed a closed questionnaire of (36) paragraphs. A total of (164) male and (24) female students were chosen from evening schools. The result of this research revealed that the number of students was a reason for the low level of their achievement, the lack of laboratories, educational methods, and techniques of the most prominent problems confirmed by students in these schools. In addition, to support educational institutions with their necessary needs. The most important conclusion in this research is th
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