The purpose of this study is to demonstrate a simple high sensitivity vapor sensor for propanol ((CH3)2CHOH). A free space gap was employed in two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to serve as the sensing mechanism by adding propanol volume (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1) ml and to set the phase reference with a physical spacing of (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2) mm. The propagation constant of transmitted light in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer’s gap changes due to the small variation in the refractive index inside sensing arm that will further shift the optical phase of the signal. Experimental results indicated that the highest sensitivity of propanol was about 0.0275 nm/ml in different liquid volume while highest phase shift was 0.182×103 in liquid volume 0.2 ml for spacing 1 mm.
Modern civilization increasingly relies on sustainable and eco-friendly data centers as the core hubs of intelligent computing. However, these data centers, while vital, also face heightened vulnerability to hacking due to their role as the convergence points of numerous network connection nodes. Recognizing and addressing this vulnerability, particularly within the confines of green data centers, is a pressing concern. This paper proposes a novel approach to mitigate this threat by leveraging swarm intelligence techniques to detect prospective and hidden compromised devices within the data center environment. The core objective is to ensure sustainable intelligent computing through a colony strategy. The research primarily focusses on the
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Porous Silicon (PS) layer has been prepared from p-type silicon by electrochemical etching method. The morphology properties of PS samples that prepared with different current density has been study using atom force measurement (AFM) and it show that the Layer of pore has sponge like stricture and the average pore diameter of PS layer increase with etching current density increase .The x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated the nanocrystaline of the sample. Reflectivity of the sample surface is decrease when etching current density increases because of porosity increase on surface of sample. The photolumenses (PL) intensity increase with increase etching current density. The PL is affected by relative humidity (RH) level so we can use
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This paper investigate a sensorless speed control of a separately excited dc motor fed from a buck type dc-dc converter. The control system is designed in digital technique by using a two dimension look-up table. The performance of the drive system was evaluated by digital simulation using Simulink toolbox of Matlab.
Artificial roughness on the absorber plate of a Solar Air Heater (SAH) is a popular technique for increasing its effective efficiency. The study investigated the effect of geometrical parameters of discrete multi-arc ribs (DMAR) installed below the SAH absorber plate on the effective efficiency. The effects of major roughness factors, such as number of gaps (Ng = 1-4), rib pitch (p/e = 4-16), rib height (e/D = 0.018-0.045), gab width (wg/e = 0.5-2), angle of attack ( = 30-75), and Reynolds number (Re= 2000-20000) on the performance of a SAH are studied. The performance of the SAH is evaluated using a top-down iterative technique. The results show that as Re rises, SAH-effective DMAR's efficiency first ascends to a specified value o
... Show MoreNowadays, energy demand continuously rises while energy stocks are dwindling. Using current resources more effectively is crucial for the world. A wide method to effectively utilize energy is to generate electricity using thermal gas turbines (GT). One of the most important problems that gas turbines suffer from is high ambient air temperature especially in summer. The current paper details the effects of ambient conditions on the performance of a gas turbine through energy audits taking into account the influence of ambient conditions on the specific heat capacity ( , isentropic exponent ( ) as well as the gas constant of air . A computer program was developed to examine the operation of a power plant at various ambient temperature
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Copper Telluride Thin films of thickness 700nm and 900nm, prepared thin films using thermal evaporation on cleaned Si substrates kept at 300K under the vacuum about (4x10-5 ) mbar. The XRD analysis and (AFM) measurements use to study structure properties. The sensitivity (S) of the fabricated sensors to NO2 and H2 was measured at room temperature. The experimental relationship between S and thickness of the sensitive film was investigated, and higher S values were recorded for thicker sensors. Results showed that the best sensitivity was attributed to the Cu2Te film of 900 nm thickness at the H2 gas.
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Purpose: As a result of the sudden and ill-considered trade openness of Iraq after 2003 to the countries of the world in general and the neighboring countries in particular, and in the absence of the necessary support for the national productive forces and the lack of effective standardization and quality control devices, this led to the exposure of most local products, especially agricultural ones, to decline and inability On the competition and thus dumping the Iraqi market, especially the agricultural products, with imported products, this study came to find out the effect that dumping has on the local production of chicken meat and the impact of that impact on the size of the food gap, and whether the results of the practica
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تعد الثقافة التنظيمية في المجال االداري وكذلك الرياضي من المفاهيم الحديثة لذا وجب التعرف عليها من عدة اتجاهات لمعرفة تكوينها واب عادها والنظريات التي تناولتها لتكوين رؤية تختلف عن االخرين لما لها من دور مهم ونافع في مختلف المؤسسات ومنها االتحادات الرياضية، ولعل لعلوم الرياضة واالختبار والقياس على وجه الخصوص الدور الرئيس في المساعدة بإيجاد وسيلة علمية وتطبيقها على االعضاء لمعرفة انماط الثقافة لديهم ومن
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