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Bending Effect on the Single Mode Optical Fibers
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Bending effects on the transmission of optical signal are investigated on a single mode
optical fiber (SMOF) of 10 m length, core radius of 5 μm and optical refractive index difference
0.003. The bending radii (R) were between 0.08 and 0.0015 m. A great decrease in the amplitude is
shown for radii below 0.01 m. Sudden break down occurs for radii less than 0.0015 m. Birefringence
(B) is difficult to measure for long fibers. Meanwhile, B was found by comparing with calibrated
fiber of the same properties but of length of 0.075 m. The results show an increase in propagation
constant (Δβ) and the decrease in beat length (Lb), and show that bending decreases the critical radius
of curvature (Rc) related to B. The changes induced on the initial phase of the signal are shown for
bending curvatures of radii 0.06, 0.03 and 0.005 m. The linear phase retardation is found to increase
more rapidly for bends of R< 0.05 m. The degree of polarization decreases smoothly for bends of
R>0.01m. Below this curvature, the fluctuation and great instability in the polarization- state of the
output signal are easily detected. All these features are very important in using SMOF in sensitive
optical devices especially in long distance fiber communications.

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 25 2026
Journal Name
Revista Iberoamericana De Psicología Del Ejercicio Y El Deporte, Issn 1886-8576, Vol. 17, Nº. 5, 2022, Págs. 275-278
The effect of therapeutic physical exercises in the rehabilitation of the knee joint injured partial rupture of the medial meniscal cartilage for football players
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Autorías: Ismael Saleem Abed, Imad Kadhim Khlaif, Salah Mahmood Salman. Localización: Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte. Nº. 5, 2022. Artículo de Revista en Dialnet.

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Scopus
Publication Date
Wed Sep 28 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effect of the Rapid Learning Method in Developing Creative Thinking Among Second-Grade Students in the Middle School in the Subject of History
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The current research aims to examine the effect of the rapid learning method in developing creative thinking among second-grade female students in the subject of history. Thus, the researcher has adopted an experimental design of two groups to suit the nature of the research. The sample of the study consists of (36) randomly selected students from Al-Shafaq Secondary School for Women, which are divided randomly into two groups. The first group represents the experimental; it includes (31) students who studied the subject of history using the quick learning method. The second group, on the other hand, is the control group, which consists of (32) students, who studied the same subject using the traditional way. Before starting with the exp

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Dec 28 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of a Psychological Counseling Program to reduce irrational ideas and the causal attribution of the coaches of the gymnasium sports care center
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The research aimed to prepare a psychological counseling program for the coaches of the Sports Care Center in the gymnasium, and to learn about the impact of the psychological counseling program in reducing irrational ideas and causal attribution of the coaches of the Sports Talent Care Center in the gymnasium, to assume that there are statistically significant differences between the results of the tribal and posttests of the research group Experimental in the scale of irrational ideas, and there are statistically significant differences between the results of the tribal and posttests of the experimental research group in the scale of the causal attribution scale, The experimental approach was adopted by designing one experimental

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Plant Archives
The effect of adding some essential oils to the physicochemical properties of frozen beef sausage with different storage periods
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Scopus
Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Cytotoxic Effect of the Extract of Anchusa strigosa (Him Him) Grown in Jordan Against Different Cancer Cell Lines
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Anchusa strigosa - prickly alkanet from Boraginaceae grows in roadsides, and fields of a broad range of habitats from mediterranean woodlands, to steppe vegetation, to true desert. It is commonly known as" him him" or "lisan al thawr". Anchusa can withstand hard weather conditions and hence is widely cultivated. The color of its flowers can range from pure white to deep cobalt blue. Various parts of A. strigosa are used in traditional medicine for treating several diseases or symptoms, such as abdominal pain, bronchitis, cough, and diarrhea. The goal of this study was to examine the cytotoxic effect of the crude extract of A. strigosa roots and leaves and their fractions against various tumor cell lines: adenoc

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Publication Date
Wed May 12 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of The Romanian Society For Cell Biology
The Effect of Rehabilitation Exercises Preceded by Reflexology Technique in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Frozen Shoulder: Experimental Research
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Shoulder immobilization is one of the injuries that lead to disability and loss of movement in the joint within a short time, which called the researchers to find appropriate therapeutic means to rehabilitate this injury. They prepared a rehabilitation program accompanying the reflexology technique to rehabilitate the injury of the immobilized shoulder of the small degree and improve the range of movement and muscle strength working on the shoulder joint The sample was selected from the male patients aged (40-50) years. The muscle strength test was used using the force sensor, the shoulder range test from the flexion and extension position and the visual analog test to measure the level of pain. The study concluded that the pre-rehabilitati

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effect of the Portal System in Achievement Motivation and Cognitive of Fifth Grad Students in Geographic Literary Material
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The study aimed to identify the impact of the use of systemic approach in the collection of geographical material and cognitive motivation when fifth grade students of literary, experimental design researcher adopted a partial seizures, and telemetric to two unequal one experimental and the other officer.
The sample consisted of fifth grade literary students from secondary (inherent) for Boys in Baghdad (the Republic of Iraq. (By Mjootain, and the number of students of each group (30 students). And has rewarded the two groups, in the variables (chronological age, average scores half-year, degree IQ),
Promising researcher himself requirements of research to determine the scientific material and teaching plans and the formulation of

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2020
Journal Name
Plant Archives
THE EFFECT OF ADDING SOME ESSENTIAL, OILS TO THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FROZEN BEEF SAUSAGE WITHI DIFFERENT STORAGE PERIODS
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RMK Al-Zaidi, MM Ahmed

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 15 2018
Journal Name
Pollution Research
STUDY THE EFFECT OF THE WAVES EMITTED FROM TOWERS COMMUNICATION IN SOME BIOLOGICAL STANDERDS FROM DIFFERENT REGIONS IN BAGHDAD
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The mobile phone has become one of the most important in our days. The effects of waves from mobile base station may cause health effects on human. The aim of this work was to study the effect of radiofrequency (RF) emitted from mobile base station on the hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell (PCV), white blood cells (WBC) and liver enzymes activity including glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvie transaminase (GPT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In this study the people divided into control group who living away from mobile base station and experimental group who living near to the mobile base station. The present result found there is no significant differences (P<0.05) in the Hb and PCV, but there was a significant increases (

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 22 2021
Journal Name
Polymers
Modifications of Polymers through the Addition of Ultraviolet Absorbers to Reduce the Aging Effect of Accelerated and Natural Irradiation
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The photooxidative degradation process of plastics caused by ultraviolet irradiation leads to bond breaking, crosslinking, the elimination of volatiles, formation of free radicals, and decreases in weight and molecular weight. Photodegradation deteriorates both the mechanical and physical properties of plastics and affects their predicted life use, in particular for applications in harsh environments. Plastics have many benefits, while on the other hand, they have numerous disadvantages, such as photodegradation and photooxidation in harsh environments and the release of toxic substances due to the leaching of some components, which have a negative effect on living organisms. Therefore, attention is paid to the design and use of saf

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