In the present work, the feasibility of formation near-ideal ohmic behavior of In/n-Si contact efficiently by 300 s duration Nd:YAG pulsed laser processing has been recognized. Several laser pulses energy densities have been used, and the optimal energy density that gives best results is obtained. Topography of the irradiated region was extensively discussed and supported with micrographic illustrations to determine the surface condition that can play the important role in the ohmic contact quality. I-V characteristics in the forward and reverse bias and barrier height measurements have been studied for different irradiated samples to determine the laser energy density that gives best ohmic behavior. Comparing the current results with published results, it is found that these results are competitive and meet the standards of good ohmic contact, specific contact resistance of 1.9 x 10-4 .cm2 has been obtained at 21.1 J.cm-2 laser energy density, which is the lowest value ever reported for In/n-Si.
Flavonoids are known to play a vital role in the management of various liver disorders.They are a large family of compounds synthesized by plants; they belong to a group of natural substances with variable phenolic structures. In this study we aim to scan the types of flavonoids in a newly studied, wild Iraqi plant named Echinops tenuisectus of Compositae family. The medicinal importance of flavonoids on one hand, and the absence of any phytochemical investigation on tenuisectus species of Echinops genus on the other hand, acquired this study itÛ¥s importance. Three flavonoids were identified in the seed,s extract of this plant (Silymarin, Rutin, Quercetin ) by two chromatographic methods, first Thin laye
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In this research, damping properties for composite materials were evaluated using logarithmic decrement method to study the effect of reinforcements on the damping ratio of the epoxy matrix. Three stages of composites were prepared in this research. The first stage included preparing binary blends of epoxy (EP) and different weight percentages of polysulfide rubber (PSR) (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%). It was found that the weight percentage 5% of polysulfide was the best percentage, which gives the best mechanical properties for the blend matrix. The advantage of this blend matrix is that; it mediates between the brittle properties of epoxy and the flexible properties of a blend matrix with the highest percentage of PSR. The second stage
... Show MoreIn this research the a-As flims have been prepared by thermal evaporation with thickness 250 nm and rata of deposition (1.04nm/sec) as function to annealing temperature (373 and 373K), from XRD analysis we can see that the degree of crystalline increase with , and I-V characteristic for dark and illumination shows that forward bias current varieties approximately exponentially with voltage bias. Also we found that the quality factor and saturation current dependence on annealing temperatures.
In this paper, CdS/Si hetrojunction solar cell has been made by
Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) of CdS thin film on to
monocrystalline silicon substrate. XRD measurements approved that
CdS film is changing the structure of CdS films from mixed
hexagonal and cubic phase to the hexagonal phase with [101]
predominant orientation. I-V characterization of the hetrojunction
shows good rectification, with high spectral responsivity of 0.41
A/W, quantum efficiency 90%,and specific detectivity 2.9*1014
cmHz1/2W -1 .
In this research the a-As flims have been prepared by thermal evaporation with thickness 250 nm and rata of deposition r_d(1.04nm/sec) as function to annealing temperature (373 and 473K), from XRD analysis we can see that the degree of crystalline increase with T_a, and I-V characteristic for dark and illumination shows that forward bias current varieties approximately exponentially with voltage bias. Also we found that the quality factor and saturation current dependence on annealing temperatures.
In this work, CdO:In/Si heterojunction solar cell has been made by vacuum evaporation of cadmium oxide doped with 1% of indium thin film onto glass and silicon substrates with rate deposition (3.9A/sec) and thickness(≈250nm). XRD was investigated, the transmission was determined in range (300-1100)nm and the direct band gap energy is 2.43 eV, I-V characterization of the cell under illumination was investigated , the cell shows an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.6 Volt, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 12.8 mA/cm2, a fill factor (F.F) of 0.66, and a conversion efficiency (η) of 5.2%.
Background: Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug having notable anti-inflammatory, and anti-antineoplastic properties. Lenalidomide suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have been linked to a variety of hematologic malignancies. Lenalidomide enhances the immune system of the host by regulating T cell proliferation, which results in changes in inflammation that are related to the etiology of psoriasis.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of lenalidomide as an ointment in treating mouse models of psoriasis as well as how it may affect TNF-α levels in skin tissue in different experimental groups.
Methods: The stud
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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures were synthesized through the hydrothermal method at various conditions growth times (6,7 and 8 hrs.) and a growth temperature (70, 90, and 100 ºC). The prepared ZnO nanostructure samples were described using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer to distinguish their surface morphologies and crystal structures. The ZnO samples were confirmed to have the same crystal type, with different densities and dimensions (diameter and length). The obtained ZnO nanostructures were used to manufacture gas sensors for NO2 gas detection. Sensing characteristics for the fabricated sensor to NO2 gas were examined at different operating temperatures (180, 200, 220, and 240) ºC with a low gas concentrati
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Background: Cadmium is highly toxic and carcinogenic environmental contaminant exposure to cadmium has been reported to reduce male fertility and there are several hypotheses that suggest how reduced male fertility may result from incorporation of cadmium. The purpose of this study was to determined the role of testicular ascorbic acid level in cadmium mediated oxidative damage on mice testis.
Objectives:To know the extent of toxicity of cadmium chloride and its adverse effects on male reproductive system in mice .
Methods:Fifteen adult albino male mice were divided into three groups, group one control and two experimental groups (low dose and high dose ).the experimental groups were injected with sing
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