Diabetic retinopathy is one of most important complications of diabetes mellitus that can be treated by Nd:YAG laser. Laser is used in ophthalmic practice for photocoagulation and photodisruption. The purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in immunological ,hematological and biochemical values after treatment of diabetic retinopathy by laser. Blood samples from 10 patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy were taken before and after laser treatment to coagulate retina to prevent leakage and hemorraghe to avoid deterioration of vision.In group one (4 patients = 40%), blood tests were done one day after treatment. In group two (6 patients =60%) tests were done 7 days after treatment with laser. The study showed no clear changes in the values of biochemical tests(except glucouse is already high) and hemtologyical tests (except PT, PTT, clotting time and bleeding time for those patients taking l00mg acetylsalicylic acid or warfarin) after irradiation with laser, probably because that main organs that affecting these tests or the elements that involve in these tests have not been irradiated directly. The main changes were in mmunoglobulin values which increased as noticed in both groups, because all light- induced biological effects depend on the parameters of irradiation, the results suggest that the laser irradiation may play two principal roles in immunological changes. First, is stimulation of cellular proliferation, and stimulation of cellular differentiation that is responsible for different types of immunoglobulin.The other suggestion is that laser is acting as a triggering factor which induces systematic effects through the circulation when laser interacts with living cells so it has systemic effects through circulating blood.
In this study the activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were evaluated, in addition to total protein and albumins in sera of sixty one subjects whose ages were ranged between(4-16) years. These subjects were, twenty eight major thalassemic patient (12 with splenectomy and 16 non splenectomy ) and fifteen with minor thalassemia. eighteen healty subjecte as control. The result revealed a significant elevation in the activities of both aminotransferases enzymes (AST and ALT) in the sera of all the alassmic patient groups compared with control. Also a significant increase in the activity of ALT in sera of non-splenectomy compared to splenectomy major thalassemic patient , which could be an indicative of th
... Show MoreThe subject of children's rights in the modern era of the priorities of educators , because the child in the community is the future , which is held by the hope which is the basis for society in the renaissance and progress so quickly communities to prove these rights through its various institutions and issued legislation and held numerous conferences and taking specialists the field of childhood Aatron aspects of this rights and Aasalunha including a benefit for children until tomorrow for the rights of children , psychological and social health and educational . Therefore, the current study focused on the awareness of parents and educators of children's rights as individuals most closely satisfying their needs and rights. The
... Show MoreCrime has become a phenomenon associated with human socialization. Wherever human groups are found, a crime, which differs from one society to another, is found. It is one of the most dangerous social issues that undermines the solidarity of a given society. This is because it establishes a takeoff from community's norms, values, customs and traditions, and thus turns into a danger to the lives of people, groups and society that threatens its strength and security. The paper focuses on the crimes that violate the social law, like child rape, incest and electronic extortion, which are increasing in size, increasing as a result their repercussions on the human society. The study seeks several objectives, including: examining the natu
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The curriculum is amodern science which reflects the social philosophy and
what it needs . It searches for amothod that limits the knowledge that the
indiridual gets in the society and the sorts of the culture that suits the enrironment
in which they live. It also clears for them their history and their great in heritance.
It has a great in flunce in their mental growth ,and it teacher the students new
roles in the thin king ,and training then on what they have learned . According to
there points the problem concentrats on the mostimpotant difficulties which facer
thestudents in studing Arabic langnage text-books
In spite of the great care that the text taker but it is full of subjects and studies
w
Free water surface constructed wetlands (FSCWs) can be used to complement conventional waste water treatment but removal efficiencies are often limited by a high ratio of water volume to biofilm surface area (i.e. high water depth). Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) consist of floating matrices which can enhance the surface area available for the development of fixed microbial biofilms and provide a platform for plant growth (which can remove pollutants by uptake). In this study the potential of FTWs for ammoniacal nitrogen (AN) removal was evaluated using experimental mesocosms operated under steady-state flow conditions with ten different treatments (two water depths, two levels of FTW mat coverage, two different plant densities and
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The current research aims to distinguish the talent for the kindergarten
children and its relation with some changes . The research included ( 170 )
child (male , female ) from the kindergarten children on the year 2009 – 2010
the researcher had used PRED meter to achieve the goals of this research
after being sure from the honesty and the prove and the ( person ) connection
coefficient had been used to discover the relation between the talent and the
changes which had been mentioned in the research . The result proved that
the children had talents the toys and the educational scientifically scholarship
finally the researcher had presented some recommendations and suggestions
for other studies .<
Aims: To assess the success rate and implant stability changes of narrow dental implants (NDIs) during the osseous healing period. Materials and methods: This prospective observational clinical study included 21 patients with narrow alveolar ridge of restricted mesiodistal interdental span who received NDIs. The alveolar ridge width was determined by the ridge mapping technique. Implant stability was measured using Periotest® M immediately after implant insertion then after 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks postoperatively. The outcome variables were success rate and implant stability changes during the healing period. The statistical analysis included one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey\'s multiple comparisons test, values < 0.05 w
... Show MoreZinc sulfide (ZnS) thin films were deposited on glass substrates using pulsed laser deposition technique. The laser used is the Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with 1064nm wavelength and 1Hz pulse repetition rate and varying laser energy 700mJ-1000mJ with 25 pulse. The substrate temperature was kept constant at 100°C. The structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnS thin films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and UV-VIS spectrophotometer.
Under cyclic loading, aluminum alloys exhibit less fatigue life than steel alloys of similar strength and this is considered as Achilles's heel of such alloys. A nanosecond fiber laser was used to apply high speed laser shock peening process on thin aluminum plates in order to enhance the fatigue life by introducing compressive residual stresses. The effect of three working parameters namely the pulse repetition rate (PRR), spot size (ω) and scanning speed (v) on limiting the fatigue failure was investigated. The optimum results, represented by the longer fatigue life, were at PRR of 22.5 kHz, ω of 0.04 mm and at both v's of 200 and 500 mm/sec. The research yielded significant results represented by a maximum percentage increase in the fa
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