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Bactericidal effect of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm ) on Streptococcus mutans from carious teeth ,in vitro study
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Dental caries (tooth decay) is one of the most prevalent infectious disease and although of multifactorial origin, Streptococcus mutans is considered the principal pathogen in its development (i.e. bacterial processes damage hard tooth structure (enamel, dentine and cementum), producing dental cavities (holes in the teeth). The bactericidal properties of the Nd:YAG laser has been researched analyzing its use in caries prevention and bacterial reduction. One hundred twenty five samples were collected from carious teeth and isolated bacteria were diagnosed using microscopic examination, culture, biochemical tests, and Api 20 strep system. The results of this study showed that a noticeable decrease in the viability of Streptococcus mutans were obtained using Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), (3 Hz) repetition frequency, (0.796 ,0.955) J/ cm2 energy density by applying (900,1260) number of pulses. It was concluded that the bactericidal effect of laser irradiation being dependent on the type of bacteria, energy density, number of pulses, and laser dose. Suggesting that the results obtained in this study may be useful in the treatment of dental plaque-related disease.

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Publication Date
Tue May 24 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Interactive Mobile Technologies (ijim)
A Blind Video Copyright Protection Technique in Maximum and Minimum Energy Frames Based on The Fast Walsh Hadamard Transform (FWHT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Arnold Map
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Video copyright protection is the most generally acknowledged method of preventing data piracy. This paper proposes a blind video copyright protection technique based on the Fast Walsh Hadamard Transform (FWHT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), and Arnold Map. The proposed method chooses only frames with maximum and minimum energy features to host the watermark. It also exploits the advantages of both the fast Walsh Hadamard transform (FWHT) and discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) for watermark embedding. The Arnold map encrypts watermarks before the embedding process and decrypts watermarks after extraction. The results show that the proposed method can achieve a fast embedding time, good transparency, and robustness against various

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 20 2021
Journal Name
Key Engineering Materials
Effect of Partial Substitution of Sr by Ba on the Structural Properties of Tl<sub>0.8</sub>Ni<sub>0.2</sub>Sr<sub>2-x</sub>Br<sub>x</sub>Ca<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>9-δ</sub> System
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In this manuscript, the effect of substituting strontium with barium on the structural properties of Tl0.8Ni0.2Sr2-xBrxCa2Cu3O9-δcompound with x= 0, 0.2, 0.4, have been studied. Samples were prepared using solid state reaction technique, suitable oxides alternatives of Pb2O3, CaO, BaO and CuO with 99.99% purity as raw materials and then mixed. They were prepared in the form of discs with a diameter of 1.5 cm and a thickness of (0.2-0.3) cm under pressures 7 tons / cm2, and the samples were sintered at a constant temperature o

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 17 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Experimental Study Using the Passive Solar Chimney for Evaporative Cooling With PCM and CFM as a Thermal Energy Storage
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      In this work, a test room was built in Baghdad city, with (2*1.5*1.5) m3  in dimensions, while the solar chimneys (SC) were designed with aspect ratio (ar) bigger than 12. Test room was supplied by many solar collectors; vertical single side of air pass with ar equals 25, and tilted 45o double side of air passes with ar equals 50 for each pass, both collectors consist of flat thermal energy storage box collector (TESB) that covered by transparent clear acrylic sheet, third type of collector is array of evacuated tubular collectors with thermosyphon in 45o instelled  in the bottom of TESB of vertical SC. The TESB was

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 28 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Computer, Communication, Control And System Engineering
A Comparative Study Between the Fragile and Robust Watermarking Techniques and Proposing New Fragile Watermarking with Embedded Value Technique
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Since the Internet has been more widely used and more people have access to multimedia content, copyright hacking, and piracy have risen. By the use of watermarking techniques, security, asset protection, and authentication have all been made possible. In this paper, a comparison between fragile and robust watermarking techniques has been presented to benefit them in recent studies to increase the level of security of critical media. A new technique has been suggested when adding an embedded value (129) to each pixel of the cover image and representing it as a key to thwart the attacker, increase security, rise imperceptibility, and make the system faster in detecting the tamper from unauthorized users. Using the two watermarking ty

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 02 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Pragmatics and Speech Act- History, Importance and Stages of Development: הפרגמטיקה ופעולת־הדיבור- התולדות, החשיבות ושלבי ההתפתחות (יישמוים בלשון העברית)
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      The present study stresses two of the most significant aspects of linguistic approach: Pragmatics” and the “Speech Act Theory”, revealing its importance and the stages and levels of development through Hebrew language’s speech acts analysis including (political speech, the Holy Bible, Hebrew stories).

       Chronologically, Pragmatics has always been the center of linguists’ interests due to its importance in linguistic decryptions, particularly, through “Speech Act Theory” that has been initiated and developed by the most prominent philosophers and linguistics.

        The prese

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 03 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Studies And Researches Of Sport Education
The impact of training on the development of the composite efficiency Alibd your faith and endurance of the effectiveness of the 100-meter run
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Is the efficiency of physical and your endurance is of great importance for some activities and field, as it whenever the situation has improved student career was able to perform physical exertion more with energy saving efforts, so the identification of physical aptitude and endurance private students, was based on that there are positively correlated the carrying of training and pregnancy fact on the shoulders of the student. In other words, physical aptitude and endurance in your control level that can be shown by the student during the performance of training and competitions. Therefore, lies the importance of research to test physical aptitude and endurance your help to reveal the career of the body in the light of their relationship

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Impact of the Sowt Strategy on the Development of Systemic Intelligence among Students of the Ibn Rushd College of Education for the Humanities
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The aim of the current research is to identify the impact of the SWOT strategy on developing systemic intelligence among students of the Ibn Rushd College of Education for Human Sciences University of Baghdad / College of Education Ibn Rushd for Human Sciences. The current research community consists of (8590) male and female students, divided into (7) departments. The current research relied on one of the partial control designs, which is the design of non-random groups: experimental group and a control group with a pre and post-test. As for the research tool, It was represented by Tourmanin’s Systemic Intelligence Scale (2012) of (50) items that measure the eight components of systemic intelligence. The results of the Mann Whitney te

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Italian Journal Of Pure And Applied Mathematics
A note on (m, n)-full stability Banach algebra modules relative to an ideal H of Am×n
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In this paper the concept of (m, n)- fully stable Banach Algebra-module relative to ideal (F − (m, n) − S − B − A-module relative to ideal) is introducing, we study some properties of F − (m, n) − S − B − A-module relative to ideal and another characterization is given

Publication Date
Mon Jun 21 2021
Journal Name
International Medical Journal
Immediate and Delay Antimicrobial Activity of Three Disinfection Solutions on Gutta-Percha Cones as Routine Chair-Side Procedure
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Objective: The antimicrobial efficacy of three disinfection solutions: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and Listerine mouthwash were investigated as routine chair-side gutta-percha (GP) disinfection reagents. Design: four groups of gutta percha points were contaminated with E. faecalis bacteria then disinfected by immersion in different solutions (5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, Listerine mouth wash and distilled water as control) after 1 and 7 days culturing periods. The antibacterial efficacy of these disinfection solutions was evaluated by using colonies per units (CPU) Methods: Forty GP cones (F3 Dentsply) were sterilized with ethylene oxide gas before immersed contamination within broth m

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 14 2018
Journal Name
Fiber And Integrated Optics
Design Investigation of 2 × 2 Mach–Zehnder Optical Switch Based on a Metal–Polymer–Silicon Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide
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In this paper, a miniaturized 2 × 2 electro-optic plasmonic Mach– Zehnder switch (MZS) based on metal–polymer–silicon hybrid waveguide is presented. Adiabatic tapers are designed to couple the light between the plasmonic phase shifter, implemented in each of the MZS arms, and the 3-dB input/output directional couplers. For 6 µm-long hybrid plasmonic waveguide supported by JRD1 polymer (r33= 390 pm/V), a π-phase shift voltage of 2 V is obtained. The switch is designed for 1550 nm operation wavelength using COMSOL software and characterizes by 2.3 dB insertion loss, 9.9 fJ/bit power consumption, and 640 GHz operation bandwidth

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