In this work, the performance of the receiver in a quantum cryptography system based on BB84 protocol is scaled by calculating the Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) of the receiver. To apply this performance test, an optical setup was arranged and a circuit was designed and implemented to calculate the QBER. This electronic circuit is used to calculate the number of counts per second generated by the avalanche photodiodes set in the receiver. The calculated counts per second are used to calculate the QBER for the receiver that gives an indication for the performance of the receiver. Minimum QBER, 6%, was obtained with avalanche photodiode excess voltage equals to 2V and laser diode power of 3.16 nW at avalanche photodiode temperature of -10°C.
A total of 20 raw milk samples were used as the fouling agent for evaluating the bacteriological effectiveness of cleaning and sanitizing of domestic milking equipment by using ozonated water at 0.5 ppm comparing to the warm water at 55! for 5 minutes respectively. The mean values of total aerobic bacteria, Coliform and E.coli that present on the plastic and stainless-steel containers after using the raw milk as fouling agent were 3.4×10-6 , 6.7x10-5 and 5.8×10-3 cfu/cm2 respectively , after cleaning the stainless steel containers by the ozonated water the mean values of total aerobic bacterial counts, Coliforms and E.coli bacteria were reduced to 1.2×10-6, 4.7×10-5 and 3.3×10-3 CFU/cm2 respectively. while after cleaning by the warm wa
... Show MoreThis paper discussed the solution of an equivalent circuit of solar cell, where a single diode model is presented. The nonlinear equation of this model has suggested and analyzed an iterative algorithm, which work well for this equation with a suitable initial value for the iterative. The convergence of the proposed method is discussed. It is established that the algorithm has convergence of order six. The proposed algorithm is achieved with a various values of load resistance. Equation by means of equivalent circuit of a solar cell so all the determinations is achieved using Matlab in ambient temperature. The obtained results of this new method are given and the absolute errors is demonstrated.
In this paper, two meshless methods have been introduced to solve some nonlinear problems arising in engineering and applied sciences. These two methods include the operational matrix Bernstein polynomials and the operational matrix with Chebyshev polynomials. They provide an approximate solution by converting the nonlinear differential equation into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations, which is solved by using