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Comparative Histological Study of Dentinopulpal Responses in Class I Cavity Treated by Er: YAG Laser and Conventional Cavity Preparations: An in Vivo Trial
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the histopathological response of dentinopulpal
response of human teeth to the Er: YAG laser cavity preparation in comparison with the conventional
class I cavity preparation. Thirty five sound human upper and lower first premolar teeth which were
needed to be extracted for orthodontic purposes were used in the study. Regarding to the method of
cavity preparation, the teeth were grouped into three groups; Group1; Control group which consists of
seven sound teeth without cavity preparation, Group2; Conventional cavity preparation group and group
3; Er: YAG laser cavity preparation group. Each of Group2 and3 consists of fourteen teeth that is
subdivided into: A. 7teeth that extracted after two days after cavity preparation and B. 7 teeth that
extracted after twenty-one days after cavity preparation. Er: YAG Laser device emits radiation at
wavelength of 2940 nm in the infrared region. The laser irradiation was performed in a non-contact mode
with a focused beam of (energy density of 155985.96 mJ /cm2, energy of 600 mJ and a PRRs of 6 Hz for
enamel preparation) and (energy density=64994.151 mJ /cm2, energy = 250 mJ and a PRRs=4 Hz for
dentin preparation) with a spot diameter of 0.7mm at 12-15 mm distance and at right angle to the tooth
surface as possible. The histopathological results of the cavities prepared by Er: YAG Laser revealed the
early proliferation of the odontoblasts in the odontoblastic layer of the coronal part of the pulp which led
to the early formation of the reparative dentin in comparison to those prepared by conventional method.
It can be concluded that the use of the Er: YAG laser in class I cavity preparation has proved to be an
efficient technique in comparison to the conventional cavity preparation.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Investigating The Ideology of Bullying in Hunt’s Fish in a Tree: A Critical Stylistic Approach
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         Language always conveys ideologies that represent an essential aspect of the world we live in. The beliefs and opinions of an individual or community can be organized, interacted with, and negotiated via the use of language. Recent researches have paid attention to bullying as a social issue. They have focused on the psychological aspect of bullying rather than the linguistic one. To bridge this gap, the current study is intended to investigate the ideology of bullying from a critical stylistic perspective. The researchers adopt Jeffries' (2010) critical stylistics model to analyze the data which is five extracts taken from Hunt’s Fish in a Tree (2015). The analysis demonstrates

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of the strengths and weaknesses in Iraqi newspapers: The evolution of the consumer - the reader
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The first section of this research discussed  the manner of the research from many sides like the problem it faces, importance of it , its targets ,boundaries, the way to collect and get information's and its assumption.

When the second chapter discussed the press – manufacturing and the development ,importance and types of newspapers, also its merits and weaknesses.

The third chapter talked about the scientific side and how to choose an assumption for the research . as it talked also about the apparent honest and stability tests that help in analyzing the research until getting results and so the right assumption for  the research will be chosen.

And finally, the fourth chapter put highlight on the be

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 20 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Studying the Changes in Solar Radiation and Their Influence on Temperature Trend in Iraq for a Whole Century
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Most studies indicated that the values ​​of atmospheric variables have changed from their general rates due to pollution or global warming etc. Hence, the research indicates the changes of direct solar radiation values ​​over a whole century i.e. from 1900 to 2000 depending on registered data for four cities, namely (Mosul - Baghdad - Rutba - Basra. Moreover, attemptsto correlate the direct solar radiation with the temperature values have been ​​recorded over that period. The results showed that there is a decreasing pattern of radiation quantities over time throughout the study period, where the value of direct radiation over the city of Baghdad 5550 w/m2 was recorded in the year 1900, but this ratio decreased cle

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Cytogenetic Investigations and Y-Chromosome Microdeletion Screening in some Infertile Kurdish males In Erbil province/ Iraq
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Infertility is a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Worldwide, infertility affects approximately 15% of all couples trying to conceive. Male infertility is responsible for about 50% of the infertility cases. Chromosomal abnormalities and Y-chromosome microdeletions are the most common genetic causes of male infertility. Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most prevalent factor of the chromosomal abnormality in the infertile male. Azoospermia Factor (AZF) microdeletions located on the Y chromosome are one of the recurrent genetic cause of male infertility. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of chromosomal anoma

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 31 2021
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Image segmentation by using thresholding technique in two stages
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Image segmentation can be defined as a cutting or segmenting process of the digital image into many useful points which are called segmentation, that includes image elements contribute with certain attributes different form Pixel that constitute other parts. Two phases were followed in image processing by the researcher in this paper. At the beginning, pre-processing image on images was made before the segmentation process through statistical confidence intervals that can be used for estimate of unknown remarks suggested by Acho & Buenestado in 2018. Then, the second phase includes image segmentation process by using "Bernsen's Thresholding Technique" in the first phase. The researcher drew a conclusion that in case of utilizing

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
Current Science
Histopathological changes in golden hamsters induced by Leishmania tropica
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Publication Date
Sat Jun 06 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of College Of Education For Women
Main Difficulties Faced by EFL Students in Language Learning
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Many undergraduate learners at English departments who study English as a foreign language are unable to speak and use language correctly in their post -graduate careers. This problem can be attributed to certain difficulties, which they faced throughout their education years that hinder their endeavors to learn. Therefore, this study aims to discover the main difficulties faced by EFL students in language learning and test the difficulty variable according to gender and college variables then find suitable solutions for enhancing learning. A questionnaire with 15 items and 5 scales were used to help in discovering the difficulties. The questionnaire was distributed to the selected sample of study which consists of 90 (male and female) stud

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Plasmid role in agar utilization by Pseudomonas sp. HK1
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Forty different samples (water and soil) were collected from different places in Iraq and Syria. Only (6) isolates showed the ability to grow and utilize agar as a sole source of carbon and energy. Morphological, cultural characterization and biochemical tests confirmed that These isolates belonging to genus Pseudomonas (HK1-HK6) .Plasmid profiles results showed that these isolates were harbored (2 -3) small Plasmids . HK1 isolate was selected because of its efficiency and ability to grow in high density on agar media for transformation and curing experiments, these were checked by transformation experiments after their expression in E. coli MM294. The genes responsible for agar utilization were located on thes

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Online Journal Of Veterinary Research
Article review: Infections by gram + bacteria in laboratory mice
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 06 2021
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Image segmentation by using thresholding technique in two stages
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