The purpose of this study is to investigate the biostimulation effect of 532 nm CW laser on the metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Cells were irradiated by 532 nm Nd:YAG laser using 0.153 W/cm2 power density at 30, 45, 60,180 and 300 seconds exposure times in their respective orders. Intrafluorescence parameters were measured by detection the autofluorescence intensity, proliferation rate and Imaging the fluorescent mitochondria using confocal laser scanning microscope. The results showed that the 30 and 45 second exposure times seem to have stimulated changes in the cells that led to increase proliferation, viability and mitochondrial activity. Autofluorescence of cells increased after 45 and 60 seconds exposure time. After 300 seconds there seems to be very noticeable decrease in proliferation, viability and autofluorescence. Confocal microscopy images showed that here is a correlation between fluorescence intensity using mitochondrial probes and proliferation rates of cells.
Introduction
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most important fungi in the history of the world. This yeast is responsible for the production of alcoholic beverages and bread and a source of protein and was used in biotechnology and genetics as a host for the genes of other organisms (Madigan, et al. 2006). Low energy laser irradiation of which output power is in the range of mW modulates various biological effects and has been shown to have positive effect on living organisms both in vitro and in vivo. However, the true effect of low energy laser on cell proliferation is sill controversial, because of conflicting reports on the effects of visible laser light on the cells in culture (Antonio, et al., 2002).
There are many evidences that the most intracellular autofluorescence
This research is marked by " lighting and processors formalism for spaces of shops selling mobile phones ," aims to " reveal about the relationship between lighting treatments formal designs spaces own internal selling mobile phone in addition to the recognition criteria Altsamama to lighting techniques and processes formality spaces shops competent to sell mobile phone " and lies the importance of this research in the " active role of the lighting in the building processors formalities and processes to prepare designs and show the final form integrated functionally and aesthetically so as to be ready for implementation , taking into consideration the role expressionist in the recipient and to make these spaces more than meet the require
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Abstract:
The objective of this study, is to attempt to explain the reality of the Structural Imbalances in the Iraqi Economy during the period of research, by providing a quantitative analysis of the most important types of Imbalances, Which are represented by the disruption in the Productive Structure, the imbalance of the structure of Public Budget, and the imbalance of the Structure of Trade. The problem of the research, is the fact that the economy structure in Iraq has long suffered from an Imbalances in its economic structure, which are represented in the unequal relations between its constituent elements, according to the proportions levels defined by the economic theory.
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Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) can be used to detect damage and analyze volumetric changes in large structural test specimens. Compared to traditional imaging and surface analysis methods, the primary reason for using 3D scanning is the difficulty of attaching targets to towers of varying heights, as well as the fact that some towers are covered with insulating materials that obscure key landmarks. In addition, the large number of incoming and outgoing pipes and stairs attached to the towers further complicates traditional assessment methods. This research focuses on assessing the damage to the three refining towers at the Baiji Refinery facility. Scanning was performed using a 3D laser scanner with HDR color imaging, capturing da
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In this paper, we propose a new and efficient ferroelectric nanostructure metal oxide lithium niobate [(Li1.075Nb0.625Ti0.45O3), (LNTO)] solid film as a saturable absorber (SA) for modulating passive Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL). The SA is fabricated as a nanocomposite solid film by the drop-casting process in which the LNTO is planted within polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene [P(VDF-TrFE)] as host copolymer. The optical and physical characteristics of the solid film are experimentally established. The SA is incorporated within the cavity of EDFL to examine its capability for producing multi-wavelength laser. The experimental results proved that a multi-wavelength laser is produced, where stable four lines with central
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The dependence of the energy losses or the stopping power for the ion contribution in D- T hot plasma fuels upon the corresponding energies and the related penetrating factorare arrive by using by a theoretical approximation models. In this work we reach a compatible agreement between our results and the corresponding experimental results.
The imbalances and economic problems which it face the countries, it is a result of international economic developments or changes or global crises such as deterioration in trade, sharp changes in oil prices, increasing global indebtedness, sharp changes in foreign exchange rates and other changes, all that, they affect the economic features of any country. and These influences vary from one country to another according to the rigidity of its economy and its potential in maneuvering with economic plans and actions that would reduce the impact or avoidance with minimal damage. Therefore, the countries that suffer from accumulated economic problems as a result of mismanagement and poor planning or suffe
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In this research, beam expander, BEX, is explained and designed for illuminating the
remote flying target. The BEX is optically designed to be suited for Nd:YAG laser of given
specifications. The BEX is modified to be zoom one to meet the conditions of preventing the
receiving unit; i.e the photodetector, from getting saturated at near and far laser tracking.
Decollimation could be achieved by automatic motor, which controls zoom lens of the BEX
according to the required expansion ratio of beam expander
Ceramic coating compose from a ceramic mixture (MgO, Al2O3) and metall (Al-Ni) were produced by Thermal Spray Technique. The mixed ratio of used materials Al:Ni (50%) and 40% of Al2O3 and 10% MgO. This mixture was spray on a stainless steel substrate of type (316 L) by using thermal spray with flame method and at spraying distances (8, 12, 16 and 20) cm, then the prepared films were treated by laser and thermal treatment. After that performing a hardness and adhesion tests were eximined. The present study shows that the best value of the thermal treatment is 1000 ℃ for 30 mint; the optimum spray distance is 12 cm and most suitable laser is 500 mJ where the microscopic and mechanical character
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