In this research, porous silicon (PS) prepared by anodization etching on surface of single crystalline p-type Si wafer, then Gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid. NPs deposited on PS layer by drop casting. The morphology of PS, AuNPs and AuNPs/PS samples were examined by AFM. The crystallization of this sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrical properties and sensitivity to CO2 gas were investigated to Al/AuNPs/PS/c-Si/Al, we found that AuNPs plays crucial role to enhance this properties.

Twenty five vaginal swabs from outpatients' healthy women were collected from Kamal Al-Samarai Hospital, Baghdad, to isolate and identify of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Three isolates were diagnosed as L. acidophilus which represents 15% of the total number of lactic acid bacterial (LAB) isolates; other LAB types represent 65% (20 isolates).The ability of L. acidophilus to produce surlactin was detected after measuring its biological activity to inhibit the adhesion of biofilm formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to surfaces using test tube method. It was found that all isolates were able to produce surlactin but the activity of surlactin was varying in each isolate. Surlactin produced by isolates 1 and 13 was the most effective. Biological appl

The measurement of vitamin B1 in pure and pharmaceutical formulations was proposed by using a straightforward and sensitive spectrophotometric approach. Sulfacetamide (SFA) is diazotized, then coupled with vitamin B1 in alkaline media to produce a colored azo dye complex with a stability constant of 5.597 × 105 L/mol. The product is stable, with a maximum absorption wavelength of 489.5 nm, molar absorptivity of 10108 L/mol∙cm, Sandell's sensitivity of 0.0334 μg/cm2, detection limit of 0.0135 μg/mL, and Beer's law being observed over the concentration range of 0.2–20.0 μg/mL. The stability constant and stoichiometry of the produced azo dye were calculated using the continuous variation (Job's) and mole ratio methods. The suggested ap

Spray pyrolysis technique (SPT) is employed to synthesize cadmium oxide nanostructure with 3% and 5% Cobalt concentrations. Films are deposited on a glass substrate at 350 ᵒC with 150 nm thickness. The XRD analysis revealed a polycrystalline nature with cubic structure and (111) preferred orientation. Structural parameters represent lattice spacing, crystallite size, lattice parameter and dislocation density. Homogeneous surfaces and regular distribution of atoms were showed by atomic force microscope (AFM) with 1.03 nm average roughness and 1.22 nm root mean square roughness. Optical properties illustrated a high transmittance more than 85% in the range of visible spectrum and decreased with Co concentration increasing. The absorption

This study explains the effect of non-thermal (cold) plasma on wound of diabetic rats by (FE-DBD) system, 3cm probe diameter is used. The output power was ranged from (12-20) W. The effect of non-thermal plasma on wounds of a diabetic was observed with different exposure durations (20,30) sec., the plasma exposure duration decreases the sugar level in blood and the diameter of the wound. These results indicate the cold plasma can be used to enhance the insulin level (i.e., blood sugar) and wounds treatment.

In the present work, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique was applied to a pellet of Chromium Oxide (99.999% pure) with 2.5 cm diameter and 3 mm thickness at a pressure of 5 Tons using a Hydraulic piston. The films were deposited using Nd: YAG laser λ= (4664) nm at 600 mJ and 400 number of shot on a glass substrate, The thickness of the film was (107 nm). Structural and morphological analysis showed that the films started to crystallize at annealing temperature greater than 400 oC. Absorbance and transmittance spectra were recorded in the wavelength range (300-
4400) nm before and after annealing. The effects of annealing temperature on absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of d

  In this  research,  We  study the effect  of  irradiation  by  gamma rays from (Cs137) source  for the period time (21) days on optical propertices such as absorption coeffeicient ()and  energy gap (Eg) for  copper oxides thin films (CuO) prepared by the chemical spray pyrolysis and deposited on glass substrates at (350oC) for two different thicknesses  (  1000Ã…and 3000Ã…) .

     Heavy metal ion removal from industrial wastewater treatment systems is still difficult because it contains organic contaminants. In this study, functional composite hydrogels with photo Fenton reaction activity were used to decompose organic contaminants. Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticle, chitosan (CS), and other materials make up the hydrogel. There are different factors that affected Photo-Fenton activity including (pH, H₂O₂ conc., temp., and exposure period). Atomic force microscopy was used to examine the morphology of the composite and its average diameter (AFM). After 60 minutes of exposure to UV radiation, CS/ Fe₃O₄ hydrogel composite had degraded methylene blue (M.B.)