The process involved isolating E. faecium from the gut of honeybees, screening the bacterium for bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS), evaluating its impact on the expression of the mexA gene in multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa, and determining the role of bacteriocin in treating infected wounds in mice through histopathological examination. After evaluating the best circumstances for producing BLIS, it was discovered that glucose was a superior carbon source and yeast extract was the best source of nitrogen. The pH was found to be 5, the ideal incubation time was 72 hours, and ammonium sulfate salt was used for partial purification at 80% saturation. The identification of MDR P. aeruginosa isolates from pus infection

Introduction: Biocides are commonly used for disinfection in a variety of contexts. They are generally used to avoid infection by controlling biofilm on medical equipment. However, the literature lacks information on the effect of biocide on efflux pump gene expression. Objective: To determine the influence of biocide on biofilm development and efflux pump acrA and ramA gene expression. Methodology: The microtiter plate method was used to identify biofilm development in 80 isolates of K. pneumoniae. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of three biocides (quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), chlorohexidine digluconate, and chloroxylenol) were estimated. The effect of QAC on the intensity and viability of biofilms was investigated as we

The bandwidth requirements of telecommunication network users increased rapidly during the last decades. Optical access technologies must provide the bandwidth demand for each user. The passive optical access networks (PONs) support a maximum data rate of 100 Gbps by using the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique in the optical access network. In this paper, the optical broadband access networks with many techniques from Time Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Networks (TDM PON) to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex Passive Optical Networks (OFDM PON) are presented. The architectures, advantages, disadvantages, and main parameters of these optical access networks are discussed and reported which have many ad

the pursue of social  systems history present to us solid evidence that the collapse of  that systems be caused by either the stagnancy aftermath maturity or unreal intellectual foundation which lead to sudden collapse, while the capitalism can avoided that intellectual damages due to its dynamic system with appropriate  auto adaptation mechanism and use it excellently in the right time.

The globalization had excrete (as one of the capitalism adaptation mechanism) its own targets and its methods in framework of multinationals corporations which consist with capitalism states that employed the international organizations to reconstruction the global economy to serve such targets. So the glob

Surface water samples from different locations within Tigris River's boundaries in Baghdad city have been analyzed for drinking purposes. Correlation coefficients among different parameters were determined. An attempt has been made to develop linear regression equations to predict the concentration of water quality constituents having significant correlation coefficients with electrical conductivity (EC). This study aims to find five regression models produced and validated using electrical conductivity as a predictor to predict total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO₄), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The five models showed good/excellent prediction ability of the parameters mentioned

The tourism industry has become, currently, an art, an industry and a science. It is also one of the components that make up touristic regions. Tourist attractions are no longer the exclusive visits of museums and archeological sites, but also involve other service facilities. It is, therefore, imperative that the authorities should become aware of the degradation of tourist resorts and prevent them from getting worse. Moreover, the authorities should take a set of decisions concerning the protection of the urban aspect with its historical, social, and environmental dimensions, as well as, adapting it to the modern requirements that can bring comfort to the citizens and tourists at physical and psychological levels.

Water saturation is the most significant characteristic for reservoir characterization in order to assess oil reserves; this paper reviewed the concepts and applications of both classic and new approaches to determine water saturation. so, this work guides the reader to realize and distinguish between various strategies to obtain an appropriate water saturation value from electrical logging in both resistivity and dielectric has been studied, and the most well-known models in clean and shaly formation have been demonstrated. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in conventional and nonconventional reservoirs has been reviewed and understood as the major feature of this approach to estimate Water Saturation based on T2 distribution. Artific

In this study, SnS thin films were deposited onto glass substrate by thermal evaporation technique at 300K temperature. The SnS films have been prepared with different thicknesses (100,200 &300) nm. The crystallographic analysis, film thickness, electrical conductivity, carrier concentration, and carrier mobility were characterized. Measurements showed that depending on film thickness. The D.C. conductivity increased with increase in film thickness from 3.720x10-5 (Ω.cm)-1 for 100 nm thickness to 9.442x10-4 (Ω.cm)-1 for 300 nm thicknesses, and the behavior of activation energies, hall mobility, and carrier concentration were also studied.