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A Review of the Electrical Submersible Pump Development Chronology
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The electric submersible pump, also known as ESP, is a highly effective artificial lift method widely used in the oil industry due to its ability to deliver higher production rates compared to other artificial lift methods. In principle, ESP is a multistage centrifugal pump that converts kinetic energy into dynamic hydraulic pressure necessary to lift fluids at a higher rate with lower bottomhole pressure, especially in oil wells under certain bottomhole condition fluid, and reservoir characteristics. However, several factors and challenges can complicate the completion and optimum development of ESP deployed wells, which need to be addressed to optimize its performance by maximizing efficiency and minimizing costs and uncertainties. To analyze the performance of ESP deployed wells, the objective function must include various factors associated with fluids, reservoir inflow and outflow characteristics, and pump parameters. In particular, the inflow and outflow parameters include well configuration, and types of completion string (e.g. tubing sizes, and download completion hardware) while reservoir and fluid parameters include pressure, temperature, and PVT properties. Pump parameters include gas vacuum fraction, electrical and mechanical constraints, power requirements, cable requirements, downhole conditions, etc. Despite these challenges, ESPs' importance and efficiency necessitate an in-depth understanding of its origins and evolution over time, as well as the difficulties encountered in the oil industry. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of ESP's origin and development, including all prior studies that have influenced optimum development. The literature review is divided into four main sections: experimental investigations, numerical simulation studies, mechanical modeling, and in-depth studies on production optimization. By providing an in-depth analysis of previous work in each area, this paper aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to enhance ESPs' performance and efficiency in the oil industry.

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Development of Iraqi License Plate Recognition System based on Canny Edge Detection Method
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In recent years, there has been expanding development in the vehicular part and the number of vehicles moving on the road in all the sections of the country. Vehicle number plate identification based on image processing is a dynamic area of this work; this technique is used for security purposes such as tracking of stolen cars and access control to restricted areas. The License Plate Recognition System (LPRS) exploits a digital camera to capture vehicle plate numbers is used as input to the proposed recognition system. Basically, the developing system is consist of three phases, vehicle license plate localization, character segmentation, and character recognition, the License Plate (LP) detection is presented using canny

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Efficiency of Belled Piles in Multi-Layers Soils Subjected to Axial Compression and Pullout Loads: Review
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Multi-belled piles are piles with enlarged ends; these piles have one or further bells at the lower third part of the pile. These piles are suitable for many soils with problems such as softening clay, the variation of groundwater table, expansive soils, black cotton soil, and loose sand. The current study reviewed the behavior of belled piles in multi-layer soils subjected to axial compression and pullout loading. The review covered the experimental and theoretical works on belled piles in multi-layered soils. These piles were subjected to static and dynamic loadings in compression and pullout cases. Most theoretical results focused on software such as PLAXIS 3D. The axial load applied on the piles comes from the upper

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 13 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences And Humanities
Subject Review: The Effectiveness Of Integrating E-Learning On Learning Outcome And Student Perceptions In Tertiary Education
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The literature shows conflicting outcomes, making it difficult to determine how e-learning affects the performance of students in higher education. The effect of e-learning was studied and data has been gathered with the utilization of a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods, especially in relation to students' academic achievements and perceptions in higher education, according to literature review that has been drawn from articles published in the past two decades (2000-2020). The development of a sense of community in the on-line environment has been identified to be one of the main difficulties in e-learning education across this whole review. In order to create an efficient online learning community, it could be claim

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Applied Physics
Spectral and Electrical Characteristics of Nanostructured NiO/TiO 2 Heterojunction Fabricated by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering
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In this work, p-n junctions were fabricated from highly-pure nanostructured NiO and TiO2 thin films deposited on glass substrates by dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique. The structural characterization showed that the prepared multilayer NiO/TiO2 thin film structures were highly pure as no traces for other compounds than NiO and TiO2 were observed. It was found that the absorption of NiO-on-TiO2 structure is higher than that of the TiO2-on-NiO. Also, the NiO/TiO2 heterojunctions exhibit typical electrical characteristics, higher ideality factor and better spectral responsivity when compared to those fabricated from the same materials by the same technique and with larger particle size and lower structural purity.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 19 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
REVIEW THE ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS OF LOST TIME INJURIES IN AN INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM BY USING AN EXPLANATORY PROGRAM
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Health and safety problem can be described by statistics it can only be understood by knowing and feeling the pain, suffering, and depression. Health and safety has a legal responsibility to protect it for everyone who can affect in the workplace. This includes manufacturers, suppliers, designers and controllers of work places and employees. Work injury is one of the major problems in manufacturing and production systems industries; it is reduced production efficiency and affects the cost. To gain flexibility from a traditional manufacturing system and production efficiency, this paper is about the application of estimating technology to preview and synthesis of Lost Time of Work Injuries in industry systems aims to provide a safe workin

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 03 2023
Journal Name
Polymer Composites
Effect of silver nanoparticles on structural, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) polymer nanocomposites
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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Effect of mother in development of nutritional education for her children
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Reprehensible during the period of human life ,particular in child hood and after weaning
baby,analmeating habits have acquired his remaining life time and here high Iights,the role of
the mother in the childs education,dietar habits, and health methods and what is beneficial to
his health and in sufficien quantities for the baby .brooze trails are learned by the childin the
home with animportant and significant role in the future,inacht.aaralgame course wisely,after
becoming more in dependent in its delision-making an choices beyond the control of parents.
The present study aimed to message measure the awareness of food the mother and her role in
the development of food awareness sons, and its relation ship with som

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Development of East Baghdad Oil Field By Clusters of Horizontal Wells
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There are varieties of reasons lead for drilling horizontal wells rather than verticals. Increasing the recovery of oil, especially from thin or tight reservoir permeability is the most important parameter. East Baghdad oil field considered as a giant field with approximately more than 1billion barrel of a proved reserves accompanying recently to low production rate problems in many of the existing wells.    It is important to say that presence of of  horizontal wells in East Baghdad field especially by converting some of already drilled wells by re-entry drilling horizontal sections may provide one of best solutions for the primary development stage in East Baghdad field which may be followed by drilling new horizont

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 06 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of salinity on survival, development and growth of Artemia sp.
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This study aimed to determine the possibility of culturing genus Artemia in under laboratory conditions for locally culturing and producing. Different salinity concentrations were used, ranging from 5-40g/l . the results showed that the concentration 30g/l is the best for hatching. This concentration recorded hatching efficiency of 68800 nauplii/g cysts and hatching percentage of 45.86%, while the concentration 5g/l recorded less hatching efficiency and hatching percentage of 20266 nauplii/g and 13.5% respectively . Investigating the effect of salinity on individuals survival and growth using saline concentrations ranging from 30to 100g/l, revealed that the best percentage was 75.00% in the first week with 70g/l, whilst the best rates of

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Development of East Baghdad Oil Field By Clusters of Horizontal Wells
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There are varieties of reasons lead for drilling horizontal wells rather than verticals. Increasing the recovery of oil, especially from thin or tight reservoir permeability is the most important parameter.

East Baghdad oil field considered as a giant field with approximately more than 1billion barrel of a proved reserves accompanying recently to low production rate problems in many of the existing wells.

   It is important to say that presence of of  horizontal wells in East Baghdad field especially by converting some of already drilled wells by re-entry drilling horizontal sections may provide one of best solutions for the primary development stage in East Baghdad field which may be followed by drilling n

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