The electric submersible pump, also known as ESP, is a highly effective artificial lift method widely used in the oil industry due to its ability to deliver higher production rates compared to other artificial lift methods. In principle, ESP is a multistage centrifugal pump that converts kinetic energy into dynamic hydraulic pressure necessary to lift fluids at a higher rate with lower bottomhole pressure, especially in oil wells under certain bottomhole condition fluid, and reservoir characteristics. However, several factors and challenges can complicate the completion and optimum development of ESP deployed wells, which need to be addressed to optimize its performance by maximizing efficiency and minimizing costs and uncertainties. To analyze the performance of ESP deployed wells, the objective function must include various factors associated with fluids, reservoir inflow and outflow characteristics, and pump parameters. In particular, the inflow and outflow parameters include well configuration, and types of completion string (e.g. tubing sizes, and download completion hardware) while reservoir and fluid parameters include pressure, temperature, and PVT properties. Pump parameters include gas vacuum fraction, electrical and mechanical constraints, power requirements, cable requirements, downhole conditions, etc. Despite these challenges, ESPs' importance and efficiency necessitate an in-depth understanding of its origins and evolution over time, as well as the difficulties encountered in the oil industry. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of ESP's origin and development, including all prior studies that have influenced optimum development. The literature review is divided into four main sections: experimental investigations, numerical simulation studies, mechanical modeling, and in-depth studies on production optimization. By providing an in-depth analysis of previous work in each area, this paper aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to enhance ESPs' performance and efficiency in the oil industry.
In this work an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique has been used for detection of some inflammatory markers in serum of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)-Patients Admitted to the cardiac care unit (CCU) of Iraqi Centre For Heart Diseases and Ibn AlNafees Teaching Hospital. The present method includes quantitative measurement of interleukine-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), as their increase during symptoms may be responsible for identifying the mechanism of myocardial damag, in addition to their best performance than other quantitative tests perhaps due to their association with atherosclerotic process that belongs to the endothelial dysfunction. Aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and correlation of IL-6 w
... Show MoreSince the introduction of the HTTP/3, research has focused on evaluating its influences on the existing adaptive streaming over HTTP (HAS). Among these research, due to irrelevant transport protocols, the cross-protocol unfairness between the HAS over HTTP/3 (HAS/3) and HAS over HTTP/2 (HAS/2) has caught considerable attention. It has been found that the HAS/3 clients tend to request higher bitrates than the HAS/2 clients because the transport QUIC obtains higher bandwidth for its HAS/3 clients than the TCP for its HAS/2 clients. As the problem originates from the transport layer, it is likely that the server-based unfairness solutions can help the clients overcome such a problem. Therefore, in this paper, an experimental study of the se
... Show MoreIn this research we study a variance component model, Which is the one of the most important models widely used in the analysis of the data, this model is one type of a multilevel models, and it is considered as linear models , there are three types of linear variance component models ,Fixed effect of linear variance component model, Random effect of linear variance component model and Mixed effect of linear variance component model . In this paper we will examine the model of mixed effect of linear variance component model with one –way random effect ,and the mixed model is a mixture of fixed effect and random effect in the same model, where it contains the parameter (μ) and treatment effect (τi ) which has
... Show MoreThe present study discusses the semantic characteristics of the Russian newspapers journalistic headlines (The Russian newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" as Example"). The study traces the characteristics of the Russian newspaper headlines, its relevance to grammar, syntax, lexical items and style. These characteristics in Russian will be investigated and compared to their Arabic correspondents in the process of translation. The study also specifies the meanings and the functions of the newspaper headlines in the light of modern linguistics stressing the grammatical, lexical and stylistic aspects of headlines translation from Russian into Arabic.
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... Show MoreBackground: The incisive canal is an anatomical structure with an important location in the anterior maxilla, analyzing this canal and its relation to the bone anterior to the canal is necessary during dental implant. Aim of this study is evaluated effect of gender, age and tooth loss in area of maxillary central incisors teeth on the dimensions of incisive canal and buccal bone anterior to the canal using spiral computed tomography. Materials and Methods: Sample consists of prospective study for 156 subjects for both gender, they divided into two groups, 120 dentate group (60 male and 60 female) with age ranging from (20-70) and 36 edentate group (with missing maxillary central incisors) (18 male and 18 female) with age ranging from (50-70
... Show MoreThe goal of current research is marked "student services for the university student at the Faculty of Education for Girls at Baghdad University in light of the overall quality indicators)" to identify the relative importance of the availability of student services offered by the College of Education at the University of Baghdad, from the viewpoint of the students. The research was Aaguetdy followers researcher Find descriptive approach to suitability research topic and in order to achieve the purposes of research, the researcher designed questionnaire examined consisted of (18) items and has been questionnaire on arbitrators and experts to verify the validity and reliability that's been applied to the questionnaire on a group of students
... Show MoreThe research explain the analysis of finance investments through analyze the finance tables for commercial banks, by using the pointers to indicate the limits of economical benefit for these investments, and fix the negative deviations and as well positive, for the purpose of diagnostic the negative (disadvantage) and develop the advantage deviation, For the importance of finance investments in the development operation and economical growth, further to that the finance investments is represent one of the most activities in the commercial banks in which aim the adequate incomes as a result of the commercial banks act to receipt the banks deposits and then make it growth and develop through commercial advantage o
... Show Moreهدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على مستوى تقييم الإعلاميين العراقيين المقيمين في الأردن لتغطية الإصلاحات السياسية و الاقتصادية في العراق من قبل الفضائيات العراقية. و هدفت كذلك إلى التعرف على الف