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Optimization of Drilling Well Design: A Review
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Drilling well design optimization reduces total Authorization for Expenditures (AFE) by decreasing well constructing time and expense. Well design is not a constant pattern during the life cycle of the field. It should be optimized by continuous improvements for all aspects of redesigning the well depending on the actual field conditions and problems. The core objective of this study is to deliver a general review of the well design optimization processes and the available studies and applications to employ the well design optimization to solve problems encountered with well design so that cost effectiveness and perfect drilling well performance are achievable. Well design optimization processes include unconventional design(slimhole) compared with fat design, in addition to optimizing casing setting depth selection and casing string loads. Finally, we demonstrate well trajectory design considerations and optimization. The optimization process that mentioned above is significantly reduce drilling cost and time since, slimhole design with smaller casing and hole size reduce mud volume cost, steel cost and pump fuel cost. Optimum casing seat selection can ovoid serious problem such as kick and losses that increase nonproductive time (NPT) if kick tolerance and downhole pressure profile is not considered. Anticipating optimum stress loads in casing design is most effective way to reduce casing strings cost avoiding additional cost for designing with useless worst conditions. Wellbore trajectory optimization with geomechnic consideration is major concern to reduce the problem encountered with high torque, drag, formation collapse that result stuck pipe and non-productive time (NPT).

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 11 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Multidisciplinary Science And Advanced Technology
Superbugs (Multi Drug Resistant Bacteria to antibiotics): A Review
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Negative skin friction evaluation and mitigation: A review study
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Publication Date
Thu Oct 12 2023
Journal Name
Mustansiriyah Journal Of Pure And Applied Sciences
Cavitation microbubbles in the medical ultrasound imaging: A Review
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Ultrasound is a mechanical energy which can generate altering zones of compression and rarefaction along its path in the tissues. Ultrasound imaging can provide a real time screening for blood and multiple organs to aiding the diagnostic and treatment. However, ultrasound has the potential to deposit energy in the blood and tissues causing bio effects which is depending on ultrasound characteristics that including frequency and the amount of intensity. These bio effects include either a stable cavitation presented non thermal effects or inertial cavitation of harmful effect on the tissues. The non-thermal cavitation can add features in diagnostic imaging and treatment more than the inertial cavitation. Ultrasound Contrast agents are a micro

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 29 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Fractal Image Compression Using Block Indexing Technique: A Review
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Fractal image compression depends on representing an image using affine transformations. The main concern for researches in the discipline of fractal image compression (FIC) algorithm is to decrease encoding time needed to compress image data. The basic technique is that each portion of the image is similar to other portions of the same image. In this process, there are many models that were developed. The presence of fractals was initially noticed and handled using Iterated Function System (IFS); that is used for encoding images. In this paper, a review of fractal image compression is discussed with its variants along with other techniques. A summarized review of contributions is achieved to determine the fulfillment of fractal ima

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Methods for Removing Dyes from Polluted Water; A Review
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Most of the water pollutants with dyes are leftovers from industries, including textiles, wool and others. There are many ways to remove dyes such as sorption, oxidation, coagulation, filtration, and biodegradation, Chlorination, ozonation, chemical precipitation, adsorption, electrochemical processes, membrane approaches, and biological treatment are among the most widely used technologies for removing colors from wastewater. Dyes are divided into two types: natural dyes and synthetic dyes.

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 06 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-qadisiyah For Computer Science And Mathematics
Pixel Based Techniques for Gray Image Compression: A review
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Currently, with the huge increase in modern communication and network applications, the speed of transformation and storing data in compact forms are pressing issues. Daily an enormous amount of images are stored and shared among people every moment, especially in the social media realm, but unfortunately, even with these marvelous applications, the limited size of sent data is still the main restriction's, where essentially all these applications utilized the well-known Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) standard techniques, in the same way, the need for construction of universally accepted standard compression systems urgently required to play a key role in the immense revolution. This review is concerned with Different

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
A Review on Models for Evaluating Rock Petrophysical Properties
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The evaluation of subsurface formations as applied to oil well drilling started around 50 years ago. Generally, the curent review articule includes all methods for coring, logging, testing, and sampling. Also the methods for deciphering logs and laboratory tests that are relevant to assessing formations beneath the surface, including a look at the fluids they contain are discussed. Casing is occasionally set in order to more precisely evaluate the formations; as a result, this procedure is also taken into account while evaluating the formations. The petrophysics of reservoir rocks is the branch of science interested in studying chemical and physical properties of permeable media and the components of reservoir rocks which are associated

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Credit Card Fraud Detection Challenges and Solutions: A Review
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     Credit card fraud has become an increasing problem due to the growing reliance on electronic payment systems and technological advances that have improved fraud techniques. Numerous financial institutions are looking for the best ways to leverage technological advancements to provide better services to their end users, and researchers used various protection methods to provide security and privacy for credit cards. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the challenges and the proposed solutions to address them.  This review provides an overview of the most recent research on the detection of fraudulent credit card transactions to protect those transactions from tampering or improper use, which includes imbalance classes, c

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 16 2020
Journal Name
Bas.j
PARATHYROID GLAND, ANATOM, HISTOLOGY, AND PHYSIOLOGY (A SHORT REVIEW)
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Water Treatment With Conventional and Alternative Coagulants: A Review
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There is no access to basic sanitation for half the world's population, leading to Socioeconomic issues, such as scarcity of drinking water and the spread of diseases. In this way, it is of vital importance to develop water management technologies relevant to the target population. In addition, in the separation form of water treatment, the compound often used as a coagulant in water treatment is aluminum sulfate, which provides good results for raw water turbidity and color removal. Studies show, however, that its deposition in the human body, even Alzheimer's disease, can cause serious harm to health and disease development. The study aims to improve the coagulation/flocculation stage related to the amount of flakes, i

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