Culex quinquefasciatus is an intermediate host of several human pathogens and serve as a vector of filariasis worldwide. Recently, there are increasing efforts to develop new and effective nanoparticles to control mosquito vectors. The green synthesis of ZnO-CuO nanoporous composite using Gum Arabic (Acacia senegalensis) was successfully carried out with Gum Arabic and the composite was characterized by UV-Visible, FTIR, and SEM/EDX techniques. Three different larval instars (1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd) of Culex quinquefasciatus were exposed to various concentrations (10, 20, 25 mg/l) of the ZnO-CuO nanocomposite for 24 h. The LC₅₀ values fo

In this research, we find the Bayesian formulas and the estimation of Bayesian expectation for product system of Atlas Company.  The units of the system have been examined by helping the technical staff at the company and by providing a real data the company which manufacturer the system.  This real data include the failed units for each drawn sample, which represents the total number of the manufacturer units by the company system.  We calculate the range for each estimator by using the Maximum Likelihood estimator.  We obtain that the expectation-Bayesian estimation is better than the Bayesian estimator of the different partially samples which were drawn from the product system after  it checked by the

Abstract: A novel design of Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) in terms of using special type of optical fiber that has double clad with graded distribution of the refractive index that can be easily implemented practically was suggested and simulated in this work. The suggested design is compact, rapid, and is simple to be modified and tested. The simulated design contains a MZI of 1546.74 nm of central wavelength that is constructed using special type of double clad optical fiber that has two different numerical apertures. The first aperture will supply single mode propagation via its core, while the second numerical aperture supports a zigzag wave propagation (multimode) in the first clad region. The interferometer’s

     Structure of network, which is known as community detection in networks, has received a great attention in diverse topics, including social sciences, biological studies, politics, etc. There are a large number of studies and practical approaches that were designed to solve the problem of finding the structure of the network. The definition of complex network model based on clustering is a non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness (NP-hard) problem. There are no ideal techniques to define the clustering. Here, we present a statistical approach based on using the likelihood function of a Stochastic Block Model (SBM). The objective is to define the general model and select the best model with high quality. Therefor

In this paper, we construct a new mathematical system as Multiplicative Cyclic Group (MCG), called a New Digital Algebraic Generator (NDAG) Unit, which would generate digital sequences with good statistical properties. This new Unit can be considered as a new basic unit of stream ciphers.

A (NDAG) system can be constructed from collection of (NDAG) units using a Boolean function as a combining function of the system. This system could be used in cryptography as like as Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) unit. This unit is basic component of  a stream cipher system.

Maintenance of  hospital buildings and its management are regarded as an important subject which needs attention because hospital buildings are service institutions which are very important to a society, requiring the search for the best procedure to develop maintenance in hospitals. The research is aimed to determine an equation to estimate the annual maintenance cost for public hospital. To achieve this aim, Al-Sader City Hospital maintenance system in Al-Najaf province has been studied with its main elements through survey of data, records and reports relating to maintenance during the years of the study 2008-2014 and to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threat points in the current system through Swat analysi

   Municipal solid waste is one of the most important environmental problems in the world and is an important source of environmental pollution and contributes significantly to the pollution of the basic environmental elements of soil, water and air. The management of municipal waste in general is a process of monitoring, collection, treatment or recycling if possible or disposal of waste. This term is used for waste produced by some human activities. States provide this process to mitigate the negative effects of waste on the environment, health and appearance of the city. It is possible to find solutions to the problem of solid waste and make it an important source of income and contribute to securing employment oppor