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Esterification of Free Fatty Acid with High Chain Alcohol for Biodiesel Production Using Semi-Batch Reactive Distillation
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The esterification of oleic acid with 2-ethylhexanol in presence of sulfuric acid  as homogeneous catalyst was investigated in this work to produce 2-ethylhexyl oleate (biodiesel) by using semi batch reactive distillation. The effect of reaction temperature (100 to 130°C), 2-ethylhexanol:oleic acid molar ratio (1:1 to 1:3) and catalysts concentration (0.2 to 1wt%) were studied. Higher conversion of 97% was achieved with operating conditions of reaction temperature of 130°C, molar ratio of free fatty acid to alcohol of 1:2 and catalyst concentration of 1wt%. A simulation was adopted from basic principles of the reactive distillation using MATLAB to describe the process. Good agreement was achieved.

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
N-Acetyl Cysteine-Cadmium Telluride NAC-CdTe QDs for Detecting the Damaged DNA in Cancerous Diseases
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In this study water-soluble N-Acetyl Cysteine Capped-Cadmium Telluride QDs (NAC/CdTe nanocrystals) using N-acetyl cysteine as a stabilizer were prepared to investigate the utility of quantum dots (QDs) in distinguishing damaged DNA, (extracted from blood samples of leukaemia patients), from intact DNA (extracted from blood samples of healthy individuals) to be used for biosensing application. Based on the optical characterization of the prepared QDs, the XRD results revealed the formation of the NAC-CdTe-QDs with a grain size of 7.1nm. Whereas, the SEM test showed that the spherical size of the NAC-CdTe-QDs lies within 11~33nm. NAC-CdTe-QDs have superior PL emission properties at of 550nm and UV-Vis absorption peak at 300nm. The energy gap

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 15 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Identify the differences between ordinary and barred spiral galaxies, NGC 2649 and NGC 4662 for examples
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Since the beginning of mankind, the view of the sky was present through observations with the naked eye, then it developed with time, and the sciences and tools of astronomical observations developed, including photometric measurements, which reached a high degree of accuracy in describing various cosmic phenomena, including the study of galaxies, their composition, and the differences between them, and from here the importance of this study emerged, to determine the differences between two distinct types of classification of galaxies, which are normal and barred spiral galaxies, where two galaxies NGC 4662 and NGC 2649 were chosen that represented certain types of galaxies to study the morphological structure of the two galaxies, a

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 02 2016
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
Islamic Electronic Libraries and The service for downloading Research and Comic books (PDF): An Evaluation study
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The research aims to evaluate Islamic electronic libraries and their service for downloading research and illustrated books, explaining their origins, features and types. The research was limited to the libraries available on the Internet that provide the service for downloading research and illustrated books. The researcher relied on the survey approach to identify the libraries and a sample of them (20 libraries) was selected. For the purpose of evaluating it according to five criteria related to the preparation and publication of Islamic electronic libraries (the responsible party, the goals and objectives, the year, the services it provides, the sections and subject specializations of its contents) and five criteria related to the servi

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Ieee Access
Dual-Layer Compressive Sensing Scheme Incorporating Adaptive Cross Approximation Algorithm for Solving Monostatic Electromagnetic Scattering Problems
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Publication Date
Sun Oct 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Use Conventional and Statistical Methods for Porosity Estimating in Carbonate Reservoir in Southern Iraq, Case Study
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Porosity is important because it reflects the presence of oil reserves. Hence, the number of underground reserves and a direct influence on the essential petrophysical parameters, such as permeability and saturation, are related to connected pores. Also, the selection of perforation interval and recommended drilling additional infill wells. For the estimation two distinct methods are used to obtain the results: the first method is based on conventional equations that utilize porosity logs. In contrast, the second approach relies on statistical methods based on making matrices dependent on rock and fluid composition and solving the equations (matrices) instantaneously. In which records have entered as equations, and the matrix is sol

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
دار الكتب والوثائق العراقيه
Introduction to Medical and Biological Statistics for Pharmacy Students and Medical Groups (Undergraduate & Postgraduate) - ISBNiraq.org
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Introduction to Medical and Biological Statistics for Pharmacy Students and Medical Groups (Undergraduate & Postgraduate) - ISBNiraq.org

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 28 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN A NOVEL DETERMINISTIC TEST FOR MERSENNE PRIMES AND THE WELL-KNOWN PRIMALITY TESTS
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In this article, a new deterministic primality test for Mersenne primes is presented. It also includes a comparative study between well-known primality tests in order to identify the best test. Moreover, new modifications are suggested in order to eliminate pseudoprimes. The study covers random primes such as Mersenne primes and Proth primes. Finally, these tests are arranged from the best to the worst according to strength, speed, and effectiveness based on the results obtained through programs prepared and operated by Mathematica, and the results are presented through tables and graphs.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Upstream Oil And Gas Technology
Integrated approach for non-Darcy flow in hydraulic fractures considering different fracture geometries and reservoir characteristics
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering Science And Technology
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CURVED COMPOSITE I-GIRDER BRIDGE SUBJECTED TO IRAQI LIVE LOADING FOR ROAD BRIDGES
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
The electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power dependence on the thicknesses for thermally deposited thin CdS films
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