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Esterification of Free Fatty Acid with High Chain Alcohol for Biodiesel Production Using Semi-Batch Reactive Distillation
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The esterification of oleic acid with 2-ethylhexanol in presence of sulfuric acid  as homogeneous catalyst was investigated in this work to produce 2-ethylhexyl oleate (biodiesel) by using semi batch reactive distillation. The effect of reaction temperature (100 to 130°C), 2-ethylhexanol:oleic acid molar ratio (1:1 to 1:3) and catalysts concentration (0.2 to 1wt%) were studied. Higher conversion of 97% was achieved with operating conditions of reaction temperature of 130°C, molar ratio of free fatty acid to alcohol of 1:2 and catalyst concentration of 1wt%. A simulation was adopted from basic principles of the reactive distillation using MATLAB to describe the process. Good agreement was achieved.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Efficacy of Poppy, Papaver nudicaule extract as an Anesthetic for the Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio
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Aqueous extract of poppy plant) Papaver nudicaule) with five concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250) mg/l were used to anesthetize fingerlings of the common carp Cyprinus carpio (Mean total length 8.91 ± 0.31 cm and mean total weight 7.72 ± 1.19 gm) instead of the traditional use of MS-222. Results showed that extracted solution of poppy have partial and overall anesthesia effect on these fishes with inverse relationship between the concentrations used and the time needed to reach partial and overall anesthesia, and also direct relationship between concentrations used and time needed for fish recovery. Best results were obtained by using a concentration of 250 mg/l, where time for partial anesthesia was 8 ± 1.52 m

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Two Spectrophotometric Methods Based on Diazotization Coupling Reaction for Determination of Genistein in Pure and Supplement
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      Genistein (GEN) is one of the predominant dietary isoflavones found in legumes such as soybeans. Genistein has been recommended as an osteoporosis treatment for postmenopausal women and elderly men, with the intention of reducing cardiovascular disease and hormone-dependent malignancies. Therefore, two sensitive and simple methods for quantifying it in the supplements preparation were developed.The first method (A) comprised employing the surfactant Triton X-114 to extract the result of the diazotization reaction with 4-Aminoacetophenone(4AMA) utilizing a cloud point extraction technique. The product was extracted using micelles of a non-ionic surfactant (TritonX-114) and then spectrophotometrically detected at a specified wa

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 27 2022
Journal Name
Eurasian Chemical Communications
Equilibrium and kinetic modeling studies for the adsorption-desorption of methyl violet 10B onto leather waste
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In this study, vegetable tanned leather waste of cow (VTLW-C) is used as adsorbent for removing methyl violet 10B dye from aqueous solution. The VTLW-C adsorbent was characterized by FTIR and SEM in order to evaluate its surface properties before using in adsorption experiments. Batch adsorption method was applied to study the effect of different factors such as weight of leather waste, time of shaking, and starting concentration of methyl violet 10B dye. Different isothermal models such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D–R) were used to analyze the experimental data. Kinetic study proceeds using (PFO) kinetic model and (PSO) kinetic model. The results showed better agreement with the Freundlich model; this means

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
Isa Transactions
Design of a Complex fractional Order PID controller for a First Order Plus Time Delay system
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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Use digital classification to follow change detection of al Razzazah sebkha For the period(1976-2013)
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The Sebkha is considered the evaporative geomorphological features, where climate plays an active role. It forms part of the surface features in Mesopotamia plain of Iraqi, which is the most fertile lands, and because of complimentary natural and human factors turned most of the arable land to the territory of Sebkha lands. The use satellite image (Raw Data), Landsat 30M Mss for the year 1976 Landsat 7 ETM, and the Landsat 8 for year 2013 (LDCM) for the summer Landsat Data Continuity Mission and perform geometric correction, enhancements, and Subset image And a visual analysis Space visuals based on the analysis of spectral fingerprints earth's This study has shown that the best in the discrimination of Sebkha Remote sensing techniques a

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 14 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Unified Modelling Language (UML) Effect on the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for a Software Development
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UML (Unfiled Modeling Language), known as the standard method for object-oriented (analysis and design) modeling, includes other languages which enables it to implement a prototype of the structure and behaviors of the product. This paper attempts to explore the observations about UML role on the cost of software maintenance, and hence on the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of a software product. It is therefore important to investigate the benefits obtained through modeling..

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 24 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Comparison of Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activities for Black and White Desert Truffles Spread in Syria
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Desert truffle is considered as a type of Syrian wild fungi that spreads heavily, and it occupies important rank in folk medicine, where its aqueous extract is used for the treatment of some eye and skin illnesses, and people prefer the use of black truffle. This work interested in studying of the most available species; Terfezia claveryi (black) and Tirmania pinoyi (white). The extracts of the two species of truffle were prepared by maceration with water, methanol, and ethanol 70%. Their total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) were analyzed using Folin-ciocalteu and Aluminum chloride methods respectively, and their antioxidant activities was tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 02 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The newspaper is a field for the use of phraseologism: Газета как сфера использованиея фразеологических единиц
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Idiomatic expressions in Russian journalism make one important borrowed means for making a dialogue with the receiver's intellect in so far as it has the distinct feature of  having clarity and exactness of meaning. The meaning is seen as a shortcut for covering a series of concepts and details so as to arrive at the intended meaning. This is done by stimulating the reader by the use of certain clear idioms. The use of such idioms in a journalistic text is not for a linguistic purpose only, but it is a cultural and social phenomenon reflecting the type of current changes in the society and it aims at discoursing with the reader's mind. This paper is a practi

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
A proposed model for disclosing the role of the collective intelligence system in improving joint auditing
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This research aims to present a proposed model for disclosure and documentation when performing the audit according to the joint audit method by using the questions and principles of the collective intelligence system, which leads to improving and enhancing the efficiency of the joint audit, and thus enhancing the confidence of the parties concerned in the outputs of the audit process. As the research problem can be formulated through the following question: “Does the proposed model for disclosure of the role of the collective intelligence system contribute to improving joint auditing?”   

The proposed model is designed for the disclosure of joint auditing and the role

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Numerical Simulation of Magnetohydrodynamic Influences on Casson Model for Blood Flow through an Overlapping Stenosed Artery
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Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects of unsteady blood flow on Casson fluid through an artery with overlapping stenosis were investigated. The nonlinear governing equations accompanied by the appropriate boundary conditions were discretized and solved based on a finite difference technique, using the pressure correction method with MAC algorithm. Moreover, blood flow characteristics, such as the velocity profile, pressure drop, wall shear stress, and patterns of streamlines, are presented graphically and inspected thoroughly for understanding the blood flow phenomena in the stenosed artery.

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