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Simulation of Batch Reactive Distillation for Biodiesel Production from Oleic Acid Esterification
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The present work concerns with simulating unsteady state equilibrium model for production of methyl oleate (biodiesel) from reaction of oleic acid with methanol using sulfuric acid as a catalyst in batch reactive distillation. MESHR equations of equilibrium model were solved using MATLAB (R2010a). The validity of simulation model was tested by comparing the simulation results with a data available in literature. UNIQUAC liquid phase activity coefficient model is the most appropriate model to describe the non-ideality of OLAC-MEOH-MEOL-H2O system. The chemical reactions rates results from EQ model indicating the rates are controlled by chemical kinetics. Several variables was studied such as molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid 4:1, 6:1 and 8:1, amount of catalyst 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 g sulfuric acid/g oleic acid, reaction time 36, 57 and 75 minutes, and reaction temperature 100, 120 and 130oC. Taguchi method based on signal to noise ratio was used to determine the best operating conditions for biodiesel production.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Degree of Practicing of the Sixth Primary Social Studies’ Teachers in Iraq for the Principles of Active Learning from their Point of view
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This study aimed to explore The Degree of Practicing of the Sixth Primary Social Studies’ Teachers in Iraq for the Principles of Active Learning from their Point of view

The study society consisted of 230 male and femalesocial studiesteachers’ subjects for the sixth primary grade in Al-Anbar General Directorate of Education. 160 of them were selected to represent the sample of the study with a percent of (70%) from the original society. To achieve the aims of the study, the researchers prepared a questionnaire consisting of (43) items which represented the active learning principles. The validity and stability of the tool were verified. The researchers used the descriptive approach to suit the objectives of this study. &

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2016
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Knowledge, attitude & practice of pregnant women about the role of periconceptional use of folic acid in three primary health care centers in Baghdad / AL-Russafa
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Background: Folic acid (vitamin B9) is one of the important vitamins that are necessary for growth and development of the embryo and preventing the occurrence of congenital malformations which are one of the important health problems in the developing countries and the world as it has a direct effect on the affected babies, their families and the community. It affects an estimated 3% of newborns worldwide.Periconceptional supplementation with folic acid (before conception and during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy) was found to decrease many important types of these anomalies. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of periconceptional use of folic acid in pregnant women who are attending antenatal

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Theoretical Study of 4-(2-methyl-4-oxoquinazoline-3(4H)-yl) Benzoic acid with Some Transition Metal Ions
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New complexes of the type [ML2(H2O)2] ,[FeL2(H2O)Cl] and [VOL2] were M=Co(II),Ni(II) and Cu(II) ,L=4-(2-methyl-4-oxoquinazoline-3(4H)-yl) benzoic acid were synthesized and characterized by element analysis, magnetic susceptibility ,molar conductance ,FT-IR and UV-visible. The studies indicate that the L acts as doubly monodentate bridge for metal ions and form mononuclear complexes. The complexes are found to be octahedral except V(IV) complex is square pyrimde shape . The structural geometries of compounds were also suggested in gas phase by theoretical treatments, using Hyper chem-6 program for the molecular mechanics and semi-empirical calculations, addition heat of formation(?Hf ?) and binding energy (?Eb)for the free ligan

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2012
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haytham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
Using Restricted Least Squares Method to Estimate and Analyze the Cobb-Douglas Production Function with Applicatio
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 27 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Spatial Variation in Date Production and its Spatial Relationship to Climate in Central and Southern Iraq
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The climate is one of the natural factors affecting agriculture, and the success of the cultivation of any agricultural crop depends on the nature of the prevailing climate in the area of its ​​cultivation. If the main elements of climate: temperature, rain and humidity, affect the various agricultural activities that can be practiced, and the stages of growth of agricultural crops and also determine the areas of spread. When the climatic requirements of any crop are well available, its cultivation is successful and comfortable. The research starts from the problem of spatial variation of date production spatially in the study area and the reason for choosing dates because of its economic importance, so the research will be based on

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 08 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study of alumina prepared from Iraqi kaolin
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The current research was conducted to report the synthesis of alumina powder from Iraqi kaolin. The kaolin was transformed to metakaolin by calcinations at temperature 800 °C for three hours. Then the calcined kaolin was treated with (1.5 M) from H2SO4 for 6 hours to form Al2(SO4)3.12H2O solution. The precipitate was dried at 80oC for 10 hours and calcinations at different temperatures for two hours. The samples which result was characterized by X–Ray diffraction (XRD) and X–Ray fluorescence (XRF). The results indicate to the crystalline hydrate aluminum sulfate for the sample that be as – synthesis and when calcinations at 600 oC transformed into aluminum sulfate phase. The phases of alumina which we obtain consisted of a gamma a

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Enzyme And Microbial Technology
In Search of the E. coli Compounds that Change the Antibiotic Production Pattern of Streptomyces coelicolor During Inter-species Interaction
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 21 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Business Economics For Applied Research
The impact of total quality management on the quality engineering of Diyala State Company's products and production processes
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Publication Date
Mon Jun 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effect of Natural Factors on the Cultivation and Production of Sesame Crop in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate: كوثر ناصر عباس
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Sesame crop, one of the very important oily, industrial, and summer crops that is economically important, has been investigated. The plantation and production of this crop has been studied in Al-Qadisiyah governorate during 2003-218. This is because this governorate is well-known by sesame plantation. Such a study helps to know the geographical distribution of sesame agricultural season in 2017-2018, and explore the most important natural factors that affect its plantation. Different research approaches have been adopted based on that facts that need to be met. A field study approach has been used in studying sesame crop descriptively and conceptually, shedding light on its nutritional and economic importance. Moreover, a descriptive com

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Applied Thermal Engineering
Experimental evaluation of thermal efficiency, electrical efficiency, and power production of low-concentrating photovoltaic-thermal system with micro-jet channel
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The efficient behavior of a low-concentrating photovoltaic-thermal system with a micro-jet channel (LCPV/T-JET) and booster mirror reflector is experimentally evaluated here. Micro-jets promote the thermal management of PV solar cells by implementing jet water as active cooling, which is still in the early stages of development. The booster mirror reflector concentrates solar irradiance into solar cells and improves the thermal, electrical, and combined efficiencies of the LCPV/T-JET system. The LCPV/T-JET system was tested under ambient weather conditions in the city of Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, and all data was recorded between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. Parametric studies were conducted to compare the performance of the LCPV/T-JET system

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