Preferred Language
Articles
/
ijcpe-258
Extraction of Essential Oils from Citrus By-Products Using Microwave Steam Distillation
...Show More Authors

The main objectives of this research is to extract essential oil from: orange ( citrus sinensis), lemon( citrus limon) and mandarin( citrus reticulata) peels by two methods: steam distillation (SD) and microwave assisted steam distillation (MASD), study the effect of extraction conditions (weight of the sample, extraction time, and microwave power, citrus peel type) on oil yield and compare the results of the two methods, the resulting essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC).

   Essential oils are highly concentrated substances used for their flavor and therapeutic or odoriferous properties, in a wide selection of products such as foods, medicines and cosmetics. Extraction of essential oil is one of the most time and effort consuming process. Microwave-assisted extraction is a green technique for the extraction of natural products. (MASD) was better than (SD) in terms of rapidity, energy saving and yield. (MASD) gave higher yield than (SD) with shorter extraction time, yield of orange oil extracted by (MASD) was (1.150%) in (35min.) compared to (1.095%) in (45min.) by (SD) process, same results obtained for lemon and mandarin.

   The optimal microwave power was (135W) gave oil yield: (1.150%, 1.115%, 0.940%) for orange, lemon and mandarin respectively, (MASD) increased extraction temperature in short time and to a higher level compared to (SD). The optimal weight was (398.56gm) gave yield in (SD): (1.095%) and MASD (1.091%) for orange oil, same results obtained for lemon and mandarin. The best citrus peel type which gave the highest yield was orange followed by lemon then mandarin in both processes.

Limonene is the most abundant component in citrus essential oil, (GC) analysis showed that (SD) was more convenient to give high amount of limonene because of the graduate temperature rise, while in microwave extraction exposure to low microwave

View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sun Oct 25 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Psychosocial Rehabilitation
EFFECT OF EXERCISES USING DIFFERENT RESISTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPECIAL STRENGTH OF THE ARMS AND THE COMPLETION OF JAVELIN FOR THE ATHLETES OF THE SCHOOL SPECIALIZED ATHLETICS
...Show More Authors

Athletics are different from other games as a competition between individuals to show their competence and physical ability to achieve new record numbers in the various activities and various between the boards, jumping and throwing and each type of these activities in particular performance so found the researcher to find the method of training resistors in the development of special power and achievement In the effectiveness of javelin, where the researchers chose the sample of the athletes from the specialized school of athletics to effectively throw the spear at the ages of 15-17 years and carried out the tests of the research, which includes the strength of the speed of the arms and explosive power and The various resistance exercise

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Dec 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Novel Coronavirus Pandemic as it is Expressed by Children in Their Drawings On-line: An Analytical Study: نزار بن صالح أحمد عبد الحفيظ
...Show More Authors

This study aimed at identifying how children express the emerging coronavirus in general and according to their age groups (4-13 years) by analyzing 91 of their drawings published online, using the descriptive content analytical approach. The results showed that children's artistic expression of the virus came according to the concepts and ideas they carried about the virus for the age groups of (4-7 years) and (7-9 years), while it came according to visual perception for age groups (9-11 years), and from (11-13) years. Also, most children were aware about the presence of the virus and its widespread around the world, but (99%) of them do not realize the seriousness of the virus. It was confirmed that between (25-34%) of children were su

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Nov 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Improving Voltage Stability in Kurdistan Power System in Areas with Deficit Power Production by Rescheduling the Active Power Based on PSS/E Simulation
...Show More Authors

This paper aims to improve the voltage profile using the Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) in the power system in the Kurdistan Region for all weak buses. Power System Simulation studied it for Engineers (PSS\E) software version 33.0 to apply the Newton-Raphson (NR) method. All bus voltages were recorded and compared with the Kurdistan region grid index (0.95≤V ≤1.05), simulating the power system and finding the optimal size and suitable location of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM)for bus voltage improvement at the weakest buses. It shows that Soran and New Koya substations are the best placement for adding STATCOM with the sizes 20 MVAR and 40 MVAR. After adding STATCOM with the sizes [20MVAR and 40MV

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Oct 28 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Characterization of New Metal Complexes of Co (II), Cu (II), Cd (II) and Ru (III) from azo ligand 5-((2-(1H-indol-2-yl)ethyl) diazinyl)-2- aminophenol, Thermal and Antioxidant Studies
...Show More Authors

A novel metal complexes Cu (II), Co (II), Cd (II), Ru (III) from azo ligand 5-((2-(1H-indol-2-yl)
ethyl) diazinyl)-2-aminophenol were synthesized by simple substitution of tryptamine with 2-aminophenol.
Structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FT IR, UV-Vis, Mass spectroscopy
and elemental analysis. In addition measurements of magnetic moments, molar conductance and atomic
absorption. Then study their thermal stability by using TGA and DSC curves. The DCS curve was used to
calculate the thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔS and Δ G. Analytical information showed that all complexes
achieve a metal:ligand ratio of [1:1]. In all complex examinations, the Ligand performs as a tri

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus (12)
Crossref (2)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Markets in the Islamic Mashreq   (Iraq / Persia / the country beyond the river) From the era of the Prophet Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family) To the end of the Buddhist era
...Show More Authors

The follower to study the markets in the Islamic Mashreq (Iraq, Persia and the country of Ma
Behind the river for the period from the reign of the Prophet Muhammad until the end of the Islamic era) to find that there
A remarkable development in the pattern, shape, planning and privatization of markets
Islamic cities and places are the main conditions for their existence, which is the mosque of the mosque
And markets, and these markets have evolved from being a space in which there are no building and no ceilings to shade them in
The places of sale and purchase to specialized markets classified according to the materials and goods produced in them
This would facilitate the task of supervising it by the market factor and

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue May 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conf. Series
Composition, Characterization and Antibacterial activity of Mn(II), Co(II),Ni(II), Cu(II) Zn(II) and Cd(II) mixed ligand complexes Schiff base derived from Trimethoprim with8- Hydroxy quinoline
...Show More Authors

New Schiff base ligand 2-((4-amino-5-(3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidin- 2-ylimino) (phenyl)methyl)benzoic acid] = [HL] was synthesized using microwave irradiation trimethoprim and 2-benzoyl benzoic acid. Mixed ligand complexes of Mn((ІІ), Co(ІІ), Ni(ІІ), Cu(ІІ), Zn(ІІ) and Cd(ІІ) are reacted in ethanol with Schiff base ligand [HL] and 8-hydroxyquinoline [HQ] then reacted with metal salts in ethanol as a solvent in (1:1:1) ratio. The ligand [HL] is characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis, melting point, elemental microanalysis (C.H.N), 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectra. The mixed ligand complexes are characterized by infrared spectra, electronic spectra, (C.H.N), melting point, atomic absorption, molar conductance and magnetic moment me

... Show More
Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2026
Journal Name
Revista Iberoamericana De Psicología Del Ejercicio Y El Deporte, Issn 1886-8576, Vol. 16, Nº. 3, 2021
The effect of a rehabilitation program using a tens device for the treatment of pain and impaired mobility of the wrist and limbs joint in basketball players
...Show More Authors

Autorías: Hadeer Idan Ghanim, Ishraq Mahmood. Localización: Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte. Nº. 3, 2021. Artículo de Revista en Dialnet.

View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus
Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The application of quality requirements in the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs using the international standard (ISO 9001: 2015) Korean case study of the Iraqi Center
...Show More Authors

This research aims to study the mechanism of application of international specification requirements (ISO 9001: 2015) at the Iraqi Center- Korean Vocational Training return to vocational training department at the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs for the purpose of preparing and creating the center to get a certificate of conformity with the requirements of the standard (ISO 9001: 2015) that would elevate the level of performance and services provided in the respondent Center after it is identified and the study of the reality of the quality management system by identifying strengths and weaknesses in the system to diagnose the gap and find ways to address that gap, and adopted the researchers the case study method to conduc

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref (1)
Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Nov 11 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects
Investigating the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser agitation of sodium hypochlorite on the removal of mature biofilm in the complex root canal systems using atomic force microscopy
...Show More Authors

Background. Endodontic infections caused by remaining biofilm following disinfection with chemical fluids encourage secondary bacterial infection; hence, employing laser pulses to activate the fluids is advised to improve microbial biofilm clearance. This study investigated the performance of Er,Cr:YSGG laser in photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) agitation of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to enhance the removal of mature Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms in complex root canal systems. Methods. The mesial roots of the lower first and second molars were separated and inoculated with E. faecalis bacteria for 30 days. The roots were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl, some of them were agitated with passive ultrasonic

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (4)
Crossref (4)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2022
Journal Name
Eurasian Chemical Communications
Assessment of hypoxemia status by measuring serum level of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha in relation to tumor suppression protein p53, estradiol and tumor proliferation markers of breast cancer in Thi-Qar province/Iraq
...Show More Authors

Scopus (9)
Scopus Clarivate