Pore pressure means the pressure of the fluid filling the pore space of formations. When pore pressure is higher than hydrostatic pressure, it is named abnormal pore pressure or overpressure. When abnormal pressure occurred leads to many severe problems such as well kick, blowout during the drilling, then, prediction of this pressure is crucially essential to reduce cost and to avoid drilling problems that happened during drilling when this pressure occurred. The purpose of this paper is the determination of pore pressure in all layers, including the three formations (Yamama, Suliay, and Gotnia) in a deep exploration oil well in West Qurna field specifically well no. WQ-15 in the south of Iraq. In this study, a new appro

In this work, measurements of activity concentration of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) isotopes and their related hazard indices for several materials such as crude oil, sludge and water in Ahdeb oil fields in Waste governorate using high pure germanium coaxial detection technique. The average values for crude oil samples were174.72Bq/l, 43.46Bq/l, 355.07Bq/l, 264.21Bq/l, 122.52nGy/h, 0.7138, 1.1861, 0.601 mSv/y, 0.1503mSv/y and 1.8361 for Ra-226, Ac-228, K-40, Ra eq, D, H-external and H-internal respectively. According to the results; the ratio between ²³⁸U to ²³²Th was 4, which represents the natural ratio in the crust earth; therefore, one can be strongly suggested that the geo-stricture of the

Predicting vertical stress was indeed useful for controlling geomechanical issues since it allowed for the computation of pore pressure for the formation and the classification of fault regimes. This study provides an in-depth observation of vertical stress prediction utilizing numerous approaches using the Techlog 2015 software. Gardner's method results in incorrect vertical stress values with a problem that this method doesn't start from the surface and instead relies only on sound log data. Whereas the Amoco, Wendt non-acoustic, Traugott, average technique simply needed density log as input and used a straight line as the observed density, this was incorrect for vertical computing stress. The results of these methods

Ahdeb oil field is located in the central block of Mesopotamia plain in Iraq. It has three domes AD-1,   AD-2, and AD-4.The current study represents characterization of carbonate Mishrif reservoir (Cenomanian-Early Turonian) in three wells (AD-A,AD-B,AD-C) at southern dome of Ahdeb oil field. Petrophysical properties were calculated using available well logs data such as neutron, density, sonic, gamma ray, resistivity and self-potential logs. These logs are digitized and then environmental corrections and interpretations were carried out using Techlog software. Petrophysical parameters such as shale volume, porosity, water saturation, hydrocarbon saturation, bulk water volume, etc. were determined and interpreted and illustrate

The current study includes building (CPI) & Petrophysical Evaluation of the Mishrif Formation (Cenomanian-Early Turonian) in Tuba oilfield, southern Iraq by using Interactive Petrophysics Program v3.5 (IP)  to evaluate different logs parameters that control the reservoir quality of Mishrif Formation such as shale volume, effective porosity, and water saturation. Mishrif Formation is subdivided into several units, which are characterized by different reservoir properties. These units are Top of Mishrif, MA, CR2, MB1, and MB2.The results of computer processed interpretation (CPI) show that the major  reservoir unit are (MB1 and MB2), which are characterized by high effective porosity and oil saturation. In addition, these uni

         Over the last few decades, many instructors have been trying all kinds of teaching methods, but without benefit. Nevertheless, in the 1986, a new technique is appeared which called K-W-L technique, it  is specified for reading comprehension passages because reading  skill is not easy matter for students for specific purposes (ESP).therefore, the K-W-L technique is a good one for thinking and experiences. To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follows" it is hypothesized that there are no significant differences between the achievements of students who are taught according to K-W-L technique and those who are taught according to the traditional method

This study utilizes streamline simulation to model fluid flow in the complex subsurface environment of the Mishrif reservoir in Iraq's Buzurgan oil field. The reservoir faces challenges from high-pressure depletion and a substantial increase in water cut during production, prompting the need for innovative reservoir management. The primary focus is on optimizing water injection procedures to reduce water cuts and enhance overall reservoir performance. Three waterflooding tactics were examined: normal conditions without injectors or producers, normal conditions with 30 injectors and 80 producers and streamline simulation using the frontsim simulator. Three main strategies were employed to streamline water injection in targeted areas.

There are varieties of reasons lead for drilling horizontal wells rather than verticals. Increasing the recovery of oil, especially from thin or tight reservoir permeability is the most important parameter.

East Baghdad oil field considered as a giant field with approximately more than 1billion barrel of a proved reserves accompanying recently to low production rate problems in many of the existing wells.

   It is important to say that presence of of  horizontal wells in East Baghdad field especially by converting some of already drilled wells by re-entry drilling horizontal sections may provide one of best solutions for the primary development stage in East Baghdad field which may be followed by drilling n

There are varieties of reasons lead for drilling horizontal wells rather than verticals. Increasing the recovery of oil, especially from thin or tight reservoir permeability is the most important parameter. East Baghdad oil field considered as a giant field with approximately more than 1billion barrel of a proved reserves accompanying recently to low production rate problems in many of the existing wells.    It is important to say that presence of of  horizontal wells in East Baghdad field especially by converting some of already drilled wells by re-entry drilling horizontal sections may provide one of best solutions for the primary development stage in East Baghdad field which may be followed by drilling new horizont

   The petroleum industry, which is one of the pillars of the national economy, has the potential to generate vast wealth and employment possibilities. The transportation of petroleum products is complicated and changeable because of the hazards caused by the corrosion consequences. Hazardous chemical leaks caused by natural disasters may harm the environment, resulting in significant economic losses. It significantly threatens the aim for sustainable development. When a result, determining the likelihood of leakage and the potential for environmental harm, it becomes a top priority for decision-makers as they develop maintenance plans. This study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the risks associated with oil and gas pipeli