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ijcpe-190
Preparations of Organoclay Using Cationic Surfactant and Characterization of PVC/ (Bentonite and Organoclay) Composite Prepared via Melt Blending Method
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Calcium-Montmorillonite (bentonite) [Ca-MMT] has been prepared via cation exchange reaction using benzalkonium chloride [quaternary ammonium] as a surfactant to produce organoclay which is used to prepare polymer composites. Functionalization of this filler surface is very important factor for achieving good interaction between filler and polymer matrix. Basal spacing and functional groups identification of this organoclay were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy respectively.  The (XRD) results showed that the basal spacing of the treated clay (organoclay) with the benzalkonium chloride increased to 15.17213 0A, this represents an increment of about 77.9% in the basal spacing. FTIR spectra illustrate that benzalkonium chloride compound was successfully intercalated in to clay layers. The results confirm the effectiveness of the synthesis of organoclay with similar characteristics compared to those ones observed in the bentonite. The features were obtained by a simple process and enable interaction with organic compounds (polymers and plastic). PVC/bentonite composite and PVC/organoclay composite were prepared by the melt intercalation method .The results have been analyzed and compared for PVC samples with (3wt%, 7wt% and 12wt %) bentonite and organoclay micro filler .Mechanical properties, thermal properties, flammability and water absorption percentage of prepared samples were tested. Mechanical characteristic such as tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness and impact strength (charpy type) were measured for all samples, where the tensile strength and elongation at break of PVC composites increased with increasing organoclay loading compared with unmodified bentonite. Also, the hardness and impact strength of the composites increase with increase in filler content. Thermal properties of PVC/ (bentonite, organoclay) composites were characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and thermal conductivity analyzer. The results showed Tg shifted toward higher temperature for all type of filler compared to neat PVC. Also, thermal conductivity measurement values illustrated that PVC/bentonite composites have a good thermal insulation at 12wt%, thermal conductivity was decreased from 0.222 W/m.K for neat PVC to 0.11 W/m.K at 12wt% PVC/bentonite composites. Organoclay give the best possible water absorbability of the PVC, with other word making it moisture resistant .The higher the filler content the higher burning time, the lower rate of burning and the lower height of the flame which are evident at 12wt% for all fillers.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 25 2018
Journal Name
Biomedical And Pharmacology Journal
Apical Extrusion of Debris and Irrigants After using Different Irrigation Needles and Systems With Different Depth of Penetration (A Comparative Study)
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Analysis of 21 cases of Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia Using CD30, CD68 and TGF-β1
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Background: Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia is an impressive benign chronic ulcerative lesion of the oral mucosa with vague etiopathogenesis. It was supposed to represent an oral counterpart of primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder. Histopathologically, it is characterized by mixed inflammatory infiltrate predominated by histiocytes, lymphocytes and eosinophils along with presence of scattered large atypical mononuclear cells. It has worrisome clinical presentation. It may heal spontaneously, but in most occasions it persists and never heal unless removed surgically (incisional or excisional biopsy). A rare subset may show worrisome immunohistochemical features. Follow up is highly recommended. Mat

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Materials Today: Proceedings
Study the electronic and spectroscopic properties of ALxB7-XN7 Wurtzoids as a function of size and concentration using density functional theory
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 26 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
EFFECT OF USING AVOCADO, CHIA OIL AND THEIR MIXTURE IN BROILER DIETS ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND SOME CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEAT
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This study was conducted in the field of the Poultry Research Station of the animal resources Department / office of Agricultural Research / Ministry of Agriculture from the period 4th April to16th May2021.This study was aimed to investigate the effect of using avocado and chia oil and their mixture in broiler diets on the final productive performance and meat cholesterol concentration and measuring meat oxidation indicators after storing it for 60 days. 300 one-day-old (Ross308) chicks were fed on diets that used avocado oil and chia with percentages of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6%, respectively, and their mixture consisting of 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 each of avocado and chia oil (50% avocado + 50% chia oil). The experiment included 10 treatments

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Agricultural And Statistical Sciences
USE OF MODIFIED MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD METHOD TO ESTIMATE PARAMETERS OF THE MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL
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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2019
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Influence of water in size of Synthesized Carbon Black Nanoparticles from Kerosene by Flame Method
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Publication Date
Mon Oct 10 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Satellite image classification using KL-transformation and modified vector quantization
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In this work, satellite images classification for Al Chabaish marshes and the area surrounding district in (Dhi Qar) province for years 1990,2000 and 2015 using two software programming (MATLAB 7.11 and ERDAS imagine 2014) is presented. Proposed supervised classification method (Modified Vector Quantization) using MATLAB software and supervised classification method (Maximum likelihood Classifier) using ERDAS imagine have been used, in order to get most accurate results and compare these methods. The changes that taken place in year 2000 comparing with 1990 and in year 2015 comparing with 2000 are calculated. The results from classification indicated that water and vegetation are decreased, while barren land, alluvial soil and shallow water

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Early Childhood Special Education
The effect of cognitive trips via the Internet (web quest) accompanying practical lessons in learning some basic handball skills for female students
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The effect of cognitive trips via the Internet (web quest) accompanying practical lessons in learning some basic handball skills for female students

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Optik
Plasma parameters of Au nano-particles ablated on porous silicon produced via Nd-YAG laser at 355 nm for sensing NH3 gas
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a laser ablation Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wave-length of 355 nm at a variety of laser pulse energies (E) and deposited on porous silicon (PS). Optical emission spectrometer was used to diagnosed medium air to study gold plasma characteristics and prepared Au nanoparticles. The laser pulse energy influence has been studied on the plasma characteristics in air. The data showed the emergence of the ionic (Au II) spectral emission lines in the gold plasma emission spectrum. XRD has been utilized to examine structural characteristics. Moreover, AFM results 37.2 nm as the mean value of the diameter that is coordinated in a shape similar to the rod that appears for Au NPs, in addition to that, TEM has been an indication of the fact that syn

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 04 2021
Journal Name
Optik - International Journal For Light And Electron Optics
Plasma parameters of Au nano-particles ablated on porous silicon produced via Nd-YAG laser at 355 nm for sensing NH3 gas
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The current study aimed the syntheses and characterizations of Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) using a laser ablation Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a wave-length of 355 nm at a variety of laser pulse energies (E) and deposited on porous silicon (PS). Optical emission spectrometer was used to diagnosed medium air to study gold plasma characteristics and prepared Au nanoparticles. The laser pulse energy influence has been studied on the plasma characteristics in air. The data showed the emergence of the ionic (Au II) spectral emission lines in the gold plasma emission spectrum. XRD has been utilized to examine structural characteristics. Moreover, AFM results 37.2 nm as the mean value of the diameter that is coordinated in a shape similar to the

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