Introduction: We aimed to assess the impact of adhesive and wires types on the tensile bond strength of fixed lingual retainers. Methods: A total of 160 intact bovine teeth were collected, cleaned, stored in 25% sodium hypochlorite, and randomly assigned to two groups based on the adhesive type: a two-step adhesive and a one-step adhesive. Each group was further divided into four subgroups based on the type of lingual retainer wire, which included (A) 8-strand braided stainless steel wire, (B) three-strand titanium retainer wire, (C) stainless steel chain, and (D) fiber-reinforced retainer. A tensile bond strength test was conducted using a universal testing machine at a controlled speed of 10 mm/min. Result: The 8-strand braided stainless steel wire and stainless steel chain bonded by one-step self-priming adhesive showed significantly higher tensile bond strength (P < 0.001). The adhesive wire significantly affected the tensile bond strength (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that stainless steel wire and chain bonded by one-step self-priming adhesive showed higher tensile bond strength.
Construction projects have a special nature and affect them many factors making them exposed to multiple risks as a result of the length of the implementation period and the multiplicity of stages, starting from the decision stage through implementation until the final delivery, which leads to increased uncertainty and the likelihood of risk.
The process of analysis and risk management is one of the effective and productive methods that are used in managing the construction projects for the purpose of increasing the chances of ending the project successfully in terms of cost, time and quality and at the lowest possible problems.
The research aims first to the effective planning for analysis and risk managemen
... Show MoreThe experiment was conducted at the plant tissue culture laboratory of the Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, in order to study the effect of some growth regulators on propagation an stimulation production of volatile oil compounds of rosemary plant Rosmarinus officinlis using two vegetative parts (apical and lateral buds). Factorial experiment was implemented in completely randomized design with twenty replications. The results indicated that culturing the apical meristem on the medium Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with 0.5 mg.l-1 (BA) with 0.1 mg.l-1 of NAA gave the highest response rate of 100%. As for the doubling stage, the levels of BAA and IAA (Indol
... Show MoreABSTRACT Background: resin cement type and intraoral temperature fluctuations may affect the fracture performance of successful zirconia restorations. To fill this gap, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the influence of thermocycling on fracture resistance and mode of failure of monolithic zirconia crowns luted with Rely X™ U200 and BreezeTMself-adhesive resin cements as well as imply the effect of adding 2 % of polylysine (PLS) to these cements. Materials: 64 maxillary premolars were milled out of zirconia blocks using CAD/CAM milling system. They were divided into four groups (n = 16) according to the cement type. Four different resin cements were used (RelyXTMU200, Breeze™, RelyX™ U200 with 2 % PLS
... Show MoreMost of us are tired of the circumstances that surround us because of their deficiency, deprivation, and sullenness, even though troubles and pains are the soil in which the seeds of strong personality sprout.
The content of the research is summed up in the fact that there is no need to frown, so let our face be free, and our word good and tolerant, so that we can be the most loving people of those who give them, and the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) was known to be the heaviest concerns of people, but he was most smiling of people, by smiling, we buy lives, so we should get used to it, because that gives us hope and finds the world in our hands, an
... Show MoreThe study entitled (Anthropometric Treatments of the Study Seat Units Used in Elementary stages) highlighted the relations between the sizes of dimensions of the study seats and the different anthropometric sizes of the students. The study problem is manifested in the following question: what are the anthropometric treatments used in the design of the study seats in the elementary stages? The research aims at finding design treatments for the anthropometric variables of the study seats used in the elementary stages, because the study seats have to do with preserving students health and safety through providing an ideal seating mechanism compatible with the anthropometric variables which enhances comfort, safety and focus in the mo
... Show MoreThe article is devoted to football lexicon in Arabic and Russian. The charr acteristics that determine the coincidence of lexical units in the Arabic and Russian languages are revealed. Football related words and phrases exist in different languages and in most cases they are the same. With the develop ment of football in the world and thanks to the media, new words and terms have become firmly established in the language. In Arabic, Italian and Span ish words are often used, but there are original Arabic phrases, most often consisting of two words - sports journalists and commentators actively use them. The word »mercato« was borrowed from the Italian language; in addi tion, in the Arabic language there is a phrase »Bab al-inti
... Show MoreThe research deals with the concept of a New Urbanism as an urban development strategy in the suburbs of cities or in its centers that are affected by pedestrian-oriented design and the possibility of walking, as well as integrating economic classes through the diversity of housing and its costs, and this works to facilitate access to jobs and services while providing more diverse neighborhoods and reducing the use of cars , As designing separate houses in the suburbs and increasing car trips poses a threat to the environment and the quality of urban life, and thus the new urban provides a good strategy for developing
... Show MoreThe subject of fear is one of the most important tasks that one should seek to find out the reasons behind it, and push it up with all its sound mental concepts.
The main reason for the lack of security and fear and disturbance in the world is to commit the legitimate violations that God warned us in his Holy Book as well as in the Sunnah of His Prophet (peace be upon him).
The talk about the causes of fear in the Koran is not limited to the word (fear) Fakk but came in different and varied methods such as (horror) and (awe) and (shares) and (narrow).
Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a prototypical resistant bacterium in root canal infections and a leading cause of endodontic treatment failure. German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower extract has been used as a traditional medicine to treat infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of chamomile extract on the removal of E. faecalis root canal biofilm. Materials and Methods: Chamomile flower extract was prepared and subjected to detailed chemical analysis. For the in vitro biofilm model, human mandibular premolars (n=48) with 18-20mm working length were used. Root canal preparation was performed using the ProTaper® Next system. Each sample was split longitudinally and reassem
... Show More